Battle of Mogadishu (2006)

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For other battles that occurred in Mogadishu, see Battle of Mogadishu.
Second Battle of Mogadishu
Part of the Rise of the Islamic Courts in Somalia

Location of Mogadishu in Somalia
Date May 7 - July 11, 2006
Location Mogadishu, Somalia
Result Decisive Islamic Court Union victory (Effective end of ARPCT)
Belligerents
Alliance for the Restoration of Peace and Counter-Terrorism Islamic Court Union
Commanders
Mohamed Qanyare, Muse Sudi, Nuur Daqle Sheikh Sharif Ahmed
Strength
unknown unknown
Casualties and losses
Over 350 deaths[1]
 
Rise of the Islamic Courts Union

The Second Battle of Mogadishu was a battle fought for control of Mogadishu, the capital city of Somalia. The opposing forces were the Alliance for the Restoration of Peace and Counter-Terrorism (ARPCT), and militia loyal to the Islamic Court Union (ICU). The conflict began in mid-February, 2006, when Somali warlords formed the ARPCT to challenge the emerging influence of the ICU. It has been alleged that the United States has provided funding for the ARPCT[2] due to concerns that the ICU has ties to al-Qaeda.[3] The ICU militia won control of Mogadishu and ARPCT forces left the city.

Contents

[edit] Background

The exact resumption of hostilities is unknown; by March 24, 2006 the BBC was reporting the "most serious clashes for almost a decade" with almost 70 dead.[4]

In May 2006 the fighting intensified between warlords and militia loyal to ICU, which controlled around 80% of the city. On June 4, 2006 the ICU seized Balad, 30 miles north of the capital. Balad had previously been under control of forces loyal to Musa Sudi Yalahow.[5] By 5 June at least 350 people, mostly civilians, had been killed.

On June 5, 2006 Somali Prime Minister Ali Mohamed Gedi fired four ministers (who were also clan leaders) whose private armies were involved in the fighting. Gedi fired national Security Minister Mohamed Afrah Qanyare, Commerce Minister Musa Sudi Yalahow, Militia Rehabilitation Minister Botan Ise Alin and Religious Affairs Minister Omar Muhamoud Finnish, according to government spokesman Abdirahman Nur Mohamed Dinari. He also invited the Islamic courts for talks.[6]

On June 6, 2006, Sheikh Sharif Ahmed, chairman of the Islamic Court Union, reportedly seized the capital, saying in a radio broadcast: "We won the fight against the enemy of Islam. Mogadishu is under control of its people." [7] The success of the ICU has been attributed to the Islamic movement's ability to transcend clan politics.[8]

Following the fall of Mogadishu there were two competing rallies. Mogadishu's largest clan, the Abgals, held a rally in the northern part of the city, reportedly drawing about 3000. AP reports the demonstrators shouting “We don't need Islamic deception!” and “We don't want Islamic courts, we want peace!” There was a competing rally in support of the ICU. At that rally, Sheikh Sharif Ahmed is quoted as saying "Until we get the Islamic state, we will continue with the Islamic struggle in Somalia," to a crowd of about 500. [9]

The remaining forces of the ARPCT are said to have fled to Jowhar.[10]

On June 14, 2006, following a stand-off that lasted for approximately eight days, the ICU reportedly attacked the remaining ARPCT forces in Jowhar, routing them and seizing the town. Ali Mohamed Gedi has since then requested peacekeeping forces from the African Union, and neighboring states such as Kenya have imposed sanctions on the fleeing warlords, barring them entry into their lands.[11]

[edit] United States support for ARPCT

Michael Zorick (the State Department's political officer for Somalia), who had been stationed in Nairobi, was reassigned to Chad after he sent a cable to Washington criticizing Washington's policy of paying Somali warlords. The Times stated, "The American activities in Somalia have been approved by top officials in Washington and were reaffirmed during a National Security Council meeting about Somalia in March"[12]

On the June 7, 2006, the Republic of the Congo's president and current African Union head Denis Sassou-Nguesso criticised the United States for its involvement in fighting in Mogadishu following his meeting with President George W. Bush and Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice.[13]

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ "Si arrende l'ultimo signore della guerra", La Repubblica, July 12, 2006. 
  2. ^ Financial Times background of recent history of Somalia, by Andrew England, December 27 2006
  3. ^ "US cash support for Somali warlords 'destabilising nation'", New Zealand Herald, Reuters, The Independent, June 7, 2006. Retrieved on 2007-01-08. 
  4. ^ Somali deaths in fierce clashes BBC 24 March 2006
  5. ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/5046402.stm Islamists seize key Somali town] BBC 4 June 2006
  6. ^ Somalia's prime minister sacks US-backed warlords Mail & Guardian Online 5 June 2006
  7. ^ Mohamed Olad Hassan AP Islamic Militia Seizes Somalia's Capital Forbes 5 June 2006
  8. ^ New power emerges from the south, Somalinet.com, 4 June 2006
  9. ^ Mohamed Olad Hassan Thousands Rally in Somali Capital AP via the Guardian 6 June 2006
  10. ^ Mohamed Ali Bile Somalis flee warlord stronghold fearing new battle Reuters 7 June 2006
  11. ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/5078534.stm Somali Islamists capture key town] BBC 14 June 2006
  12. ^ Marc Lacey and Helene Cooper Efforts by C.I.A. Fail in Somalia, Officials Charge NY Times 8 June 2006
  13. ^ AU chair lashes US over Somalia ANDnetwork 7 June 2006

[edit] External links

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