Basarabeasca
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Basarabeasca | |
  Basarabeasca
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| Coordinates: | |
|---|---|
| Country |  Moldova |
| County | Basarabeasca County |
| Government | |
| - Mayor | Vasili Filipov |
| Population (2005) | |
| - Total | 11,200 |
| Time zone | EET (UTC+2) |
| - Summer (DST) | EEST (UTC+3) |
Basarabeasca (Moldovan Cyrillic Басарабяска) is a city in Moldova. It is the capital of the Basarabeasca district.
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[edit] Geography
The city, formerly an urban-type settlement, is located on the border with Ukraine. It is 94 km to the south of Chisinau, 25 km from Cimislia, and 25 km from Comrat. The river Cogilnic flows through the city from northwest to southeast, continuing on to the Black Sea. The main populated areas are in the lowland, and is effectively divided into several areas, such as Romanovka and Flemynda.
[edit] History
A settlement at the site of Basarabeasca appeared in 1846 as a Jewish colony, originally named Romanovka in honor of the imperial family of Romanovs. In 1859 there were 86 resident Jewish families who worked the land, 263 men and 249 women. In their possession were 1750 desyatinas of farmland. At the time of the abolition of Jewish land tenure in 1866, 57 families were occupied in farming - 209 men and 183 women, who mainly went over to wine production; a part engaged in commerce and trade. In order to improve the lot of the colonists, the Zemstvo of Bender instituted market days - once a week on Wednesday. This was done at the request of Captain Fyodor Oleynikov on October 29, 1876.
In 1897, 597 settlers lived in Romanovka (293 men and 304 women). There were a synagogue and a prayer school (Cheder). According to the Russian census of 1897, 1625 people lived in Romanovka, with 71% (1150 people) Jewish[1]. The first secular school, where there was only one class, opened in 1899 thanks to Georgiy Gimishli, who helped with the facilities. The class was taught by Anna Shidlovskaya, who worked there for many years. For his support of the school, George Gimishli was awarded a silver medal of zeal on December 6, 1904. In the 1905-1906 school year, 12 boys and 2 girls studied at the school.
The beginning of the 19th century was a time of rapid development of the village - the construction of the Bessarabka railway station began nearby. In 1910 telephones appeared in the homes of some residents: the Merimshi, Okulish, Andelman, Tsuker, Imasha families. On December 5, 1912 a new synagogue opened, with Doctor Boris Sverdlov as Rabbi. Grigoriy and Vasiliy Gemyushliev traveled to the Russian Tsar to request money for a church, but returned with only 500 rubles; the money was collected primarily from the faithful. In October 1913 the population was 1741, whose property was valued at 346826 rubles. Two steam mills, belonging to Lemke Adama and Semke Khristian - were valued at 9420 rubles. A mutual aid fund operated in the village. By 1923 it had become a large village: there were 690 homes, with 1520 men and 1597 women, with a mill, a slaughterhouse, a pharmacy, a primary school, and 15 stores.
On September 11, 1957, the village of Romanovka was unified with the former German colony of Heinrichsdorff (in which 273 Germans lived, according to 1943 data), and was renamed Basarabeasca (Russian: Bessarabka). In 1968 the population of Basarabeasca was 13300. There were a working machine repair shop, and rail transport enterprises.
According to registry data, as of October 12 2004 there are 11095 people living in Basarabeasca, of whom 5258 are men, and 5837 are women[2].
