Barremian

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The Barremian faunal stage was a period of geological time between 130.0 ± 1.5 mya (million years ago) and 125.0 ± 1.0 mya). It is considered to be of the Early Cretaceous epoch, in which it constituted the earliest part of the obsolete Gallic (according to some classifications the Urgonian) epoch. It is preceded by the Hauterivian and followed by the Aptian stage.[1]

In North America, the late Coahulian and the early Comanchean correspond to the Barremian. In New Zealand, it falls within the Mokoiwian, and in Japan it corresponds to the late Aritan.[1]

The type locality for the Barremian stage is in the vicinity of the village of Barrême, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, France. Henry Coquand defined the stage and named it in 1873. The base of the Barremian is determined by the first appearance of the ammonites Spitidiscus hugii and Spitidiscus vandeckii. The end of the Barremian is determined by the geomagnetic reversal at the start of the M0r chronozone, which is biologically near the first appearance of the ammonite Paradeshayesites oglanlensis.

Contents

[edit] Fauna

Much knowledge about the Barremian fauna - especially regarding birds, mammals and pterosaurs - derived from the famous Yixiang Formation of China, part of which dates from this stage.

[edit] Cephalopods

[edit] Ammonoidea

  • Karsteniceras[3]
  • Lopholobites[2]
  • Lytocrioceras[3]
  • Manoloviceras[3]
  • Macroscaphites
  • Metahoplites
  • Paranclyoceras[2]
  • Parasaynoceras
  • Pascoeites
  • Pedioceras
  • Pseudohaploceras
  • Pulchellia[3]
Annuloceras
Annuloceras

[edit] Neocoleoids

Neocoleoids of the Barremian
Taxa Presence Location Description Images

Maioteuthis

Neololigosepia

Oxyteuthis

[edit] Belemnites

Belemnites of the Barremian
Taxa Presence Location Description Images

Curtohibolites
Belemnites
Belemnites

Neohibolites

Oxyteuthis

[edit] Nautiloidea

Nautiloids of the Bajocian
Taxa Presence Location Description Images

Eucymatoceras
An illustration of a variety of fossil nautiloids.
An illustration of a variety of fossil nautiloids.

Palelialia

Pseudaturoidea

[edit] Chondrichthyes

  • Hexanchidae: Notidanodon lanceolatus, Notorynchus aptiensis

[edit] Dinosaurs (including birds)

[edit] Cerapoda

Iguanodon
Iguanodon

[edit] Marginocephalia

Amargasaurus skeleton in Melbourne Museum
Amargasaurus skeleton in Melbourne Museum

[edit] Sauropoda

[edit] Theropoda

Skeleton of the ancient bird Longipteryx
Skeleton of the ancient bird Longipteryx
Microraptor, a four-winged dromaeosaur
Microraptor, a four-winged dromaeosaur
Baryonyx, a Spinosauridae
Baryonyx, a Spinosauridae

[edit] Thyreophora

[edit] Mammals

Mammals of the Barremian
Taxa Presence Location Description Images

Eomaia
Skeleton of the primitive mammal Eomaia
Skeleton of the primitive mammal Eomaia

[edit] Pterosaurs

Liaoningopterus
Liaoningopterus

[edit] See also

[edit] Footnotes

  1. ^ a b GeoWhen Database - Barremian. Version 1.1.0. Retrieved 2007-DEC-02.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Earliest occurrence: Upper Barremian
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Earliest occurrence: Lower Barremian
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Only known from this stage
  5. ^ a b c d Dating uncertain

[edit] References

  • Cossmann, M. & Pelat, E. (1907): Le Barrémien supérieur à faciès Urgonien de Brouzet-lès-Alais (Gard). Mémoires de la Société Géologique de France, Paléontologie 15(37): 5-42.
  • Guzhikov, A.Yu. & Baraboshkin, E.J. (2006): Assessment of diachronism of biostratigraphic boundaries by magnetochronological calibration of zonal scales for the Lower Cretaceous of the Tethyan and Boreal belts. Doklady Earth Sciences 409(6): 843-846. doi:10.1134/S1028334X06060018
Cretaceous period
Lower/Early Cretaceous Upper/Late Cretaceous
Berriasian | Valanginian | Hauterivian
Barremian | Aptian | Albian		 Cenomanian | Turonian | Coniacian
Santonian | Campanian | Maastrichtian