Aviation and Transportation Security Act

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The Aviation and Transportation Security Act (ATSA, Pub.L. 107-71 November 19, 2001) was enacted by the 107th United States Congress in the immediate aftermath of the September 11, 2001 attacks. The Act led to the development of the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) within the Department of Homeland Security. The legislation was co-sponsored by Republican Senator John McCain and Democratic Senator Fritz Hollings.

Prior to the Act, security screening was largely the responsibility of each airport. Counter agents asked three questions of passengers checking luggage:

  • Did you pack your bags yourself?
  • Have your bags been in your possession since you packed them?
  • Have any unknown persons asked you to carry anything on board?

Visitors had to pass through metal detectors and have their carry-on luggage X-rayed before entering the concourses, but X-raying of personal items was not required. A boarding pass did not have to be presented at the checkpoint, as non-travellers were allowed to enter the concourses.

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