Avalon, New Jersey
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Avalon, New Jersey | |
| Motto: "Cooler by a Mile" | |
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| Coordinates: | |
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| Country | United States |
| State | New Jersey |
| County | Cape May |
| Incorporated | April 18, 1892 |
| Government | |
| - Type | Faulkner Act (Mayor-Council) |
| - Mayor | Martin L. Pagliughi |
| Area | |
| - Total | 4.9 sq mi (12.7 km²) |
| - Land | 4.2 sq mi (10.9 km²) |
| - Water | 0.7 sq mi (1.7 km²) |
| Elevation [1] | 10 ft (3 m) |
| Population (2006)[2] | |
| - Total | 2,125 |
| - Density | 508.4/sq mi (196.3/km²) |
| Time zone | Eastern (EST) (UTC-5) |
| - Summer (DST) | EDT (UTC-4) |
| ZIP code | 08202 |
| Area code(s) | 609 |
| FIPS code | 34-02320[3] |
| GNIS feature ID | 0885146[4] |
| Website: http://www.avalonboro.org | |
Avalon is a borough in Cape May County, New Jersey, on Seven Mile Island (although a small portion of Avalon is not on Seven Mile Island). It is part of the Ocean City Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the United States 2000 Census, the borough population was 2,143.
Avalon was incorporated as a borough by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature on April 18, 1892, from portions of Middle Township, based on the results of a referendum held two days earlier. The borough was reincorporated on March 6, 1896, and again on May 4, 1897. Another portion of Middle Township was annexed in 1910. On December 27, 1941, portions of Avalon were ceded to Stone Harbor.[5]
Avalon is famous for being a Jersey Cape seashore resort. Its motto is "Cooler by a mile" which refers to the fact that it juts out into the Atlantic Ocean about a mile farther than other barrier island resorts. And it is also called "cooler by a mile" because it is one more mile than Stone Harbor, which is three miles and Avalon is four. It was ranked the seventh best beach in New Jersey in the 2008 Top 10 Beaches Contest sponsored by the New Jersey Marine Sciences Consortium.[6]
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[edit] Geography
Avalon is located at (39.092928, -74.726880)[7].
According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of 4.9 square miles (12.7 km²), of which, 4.2 square miles (10.9 km²) of it is land and 0.7 square miles (1.7 km²) of it (13.70%) is water.
Avalon borders Sea Isle City, Stone Harbor Borough, Middle Township, and the Atlantic Ocean.
[edit] Demographics
| Historical populations | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1930 | 343 |
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| 1940 | 313 | -8.7% | |
| 1950 | 428 | 36.7% | |
| 1960 | 695 | 62.4% | |
| 1970 | 1,283 | 84.6% | |
| 1980 | 2,162 | 68.5% | |
| 1990 | 1,809 | -16.3% | |
| 2000 | 2,143 | 18.5% | |
| Est. 2006 | 2,125 | [2] | -0.8% |
| Population 1930 - 1990[8] | |||
As of the census[3] of 2000, there were 2,143 people, 1,045 households, and 668 families residing in the borough. The population density was 508.4 people per square mile (196.5/km²). There were 5,281 housing units at an average density of 1,252.9/sq mi (484.3/km²). The racial makeup of the borough was 98.69% White, 0.14% African American, 0.56% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.05% from other races, and 0.51% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.56% of the population.
There were 1,045 households out of which 12.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.7% were married couples living together, 5.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.0% were non-families. 33.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 17.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.05 and the average family size was 2.56.
In the borough the population was spread out with 14.1% under the age of 18, 2.9% from 18 to 24, 16.3% from 25 to 44, 33.9% from 45 to 64, and 32.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 56 years. For every 100 females there were 94.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.0 males.
The median income for a household in the borough was $59,196, and the median income for a family was $72,750. Males had a median income of $60,227 versus $39,886 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $50,016. About 2.2% of families and 4.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.6% of those under age 18 and 0.1% of those age 65 or over.
[edit] Government
[edit] Local government
The Borough of Avalon is governed under the Faulkner Act (Mayor-Council) system of municipal government by a Mayor and a five-member Borough Council. Members of the Borough Council are elected in non-partisan elections to four-year terms on a staggered basis, with one or two seats coming up for election each year.[9]
Avalon's Mayor is Martin L. Pagliughi. Members of the Borough Council are Council President Nancy M. Hudanich, Ed. D., Council Vice President Joseph V. Tipping, Charles P. Covington, Richard E. Dean and David B. Ellenberg.[10]
[edit] Federal, state and county representation
Avalon is in the Second Congressional District and is part of New Jersey's 1st Legislative District.[11]
New Jersey's Second Congressional District, covering all of Atlantic County, Cape May County, Cumberland County and Salem County and portions of Burlington County, Camden County and Gloucester County, is represented by Frank LoBiondo (R, Ventnor). New Jersey is represented in the Senate by Frank Lautenberg (D, Cliffside Park) and Bob Menendez (D, Hoboken).
The 1st legislative district of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Nicholas Asselta (R) and in the Assembly by Nelson Albano (D, Vineland) and Jeff Van Drew (D, Dennis Township).[12] The Governor of New Jersey is Jon Corzine (D, Hoboken).[13]
Cape May County is governed by a Board of Chosen Freeholders consisting of five members, elected at large in partisan elections to serve staggered three-year terms in office. Cape May County's Freeholders are Freeholder Director Daniel Beyel (Upper Township, term expires December 31, 2008), Freeholder Vice-Director Ralph E. Sheets, Jr. (2008), Ralph E. Bakley, Sr. (2010), Leonard C. Desiderio (Sea Isle City, 2009) and Gerald M. Thornton (2010).[14]
[edit] Education
Avalon School District is a public school district that serves students in public school for Kindergarten through eighth grade. Avalon Elementary School had an enrollment of 82 students in the 2005-06 school year.[15]
Students in public school for grades 9-12 attend Middle Township High School in Cape May Court House, as part of a sending/receiving relationship with the Middle Township Public Schools.[16]
[edit] Transportation
Avalon Boulevard connects the Garden State Parkway and U.S. 9 to the oceanfront.
There is also a seasonal trolley service that runs through the seven-mile long island. Avalon also has multiple New Jersey Transit bus stops.
[edit] History
[edit] Early history
Originally a thriving juniper forest, reportedly occupied by Lenni Lenape Native Americans, the area was purchased by Aaron Leaming in December 1722 for 79 Pounds. Known as Seven Mile Beach (present day Avalon and Stone Harbor), it was owned and retained by the Leamings for approximately 100 years. It served as a cattle range and was also used for its plentiful timber. The Leamings eventually sold the land, and the island exchanged hands in a number of transactions afterwards. In April 1887, the Seven Mile Beach company was formed. As early as 1893, Avalon was advertised as a resort town. With this rapid development, homes and businesses were erected. The native juniper forest was graded and cut, and the sandy hills were leveled off, making the island mostly flat. Today it is extremely rare to see hills or native juniper in Avalon.
By the early 1900s, the Leaming Railroad bridge was constructed, allowing train connections into the town. This increased the traffic from nearby Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Around 1944 the West Jersey and Seashore railroad lines merged with the Reading Railroad. This effectively ended the era of travel by train to the island. A hurricane took several streets and Avalon now has a north end beginning at 7th street. In the mid-1950s the Wolfington Family of Philadelphia purchased and operated the Puritan Hotel later named the Whitebriar Hotel on the beach block at 21st Street. The Whitebriar was managed for a few seasons by one of the future 'great hosts' of Philadelphia hotels, Robert C. Bennett. Currently the most widely used method of transportation to and from Avalon is by car or boat.
[edit] The Commonwealth (shipwreck)
On January 4, 1890, the Commonwealth, piloted by Captain W.S. Willets, sank. This 197-ton ship was en route from New York City to Philadelphia with a cargo of molasses, coffee, tobacco, tea, coconut oil, and camphor. Straying from its course in rough weather, the Commonwealth ran aground in Townsend's Inlet. The crew was rescued and most of the cargo was salvaged. However, after a week trapped in the sandy bottom of the inlet, the ship began to come apart in the waves. Some of the remaining cargo washed ashore and most of it was taken by the early residents of Avalon. The wreck, unable to be recovered, was sold to John Townshend on February 2.
[edit] The Nor'easter of 1962
In March of 1962, a major Nor'easter, the Ash Wednesday Storm of 1962, tore through the U.S. East Coast causing massive ocean swells. Much of Avalon suffered serious flooding and major coastline loss. [17][18] While there have been many strong storms since 1962, extensive rock jetty construction on Townsends Inlet (as recent as Summer 2006) has (for the most part) succeeded in protecting the inlet-side homes. However, beaches and property facing the ocean at 8th through 12th streets have struggled to prohibit further loss of this barrier island through various anti-erosion schemes (extending the 8th street rock jetty and the installation of an artificial reef and the extremely expensive beach replenishment that occurs every five years or so). So far, there has been no more "shrinkage" of the island at this location, but at a very high monetary cost.
[edit] Floatilla
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This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2008) |
Floatilla is a popular, Mardi Gras-style celebration held every summer in Avalon.
Started in 1999, the event was relatively free from issue until 2005, when an individual jumped 10 feet from a bridge over Avalon's inland waterway. This resulted in several public safety agencies responding in an effort to locate the man. Instead of informing rescuers that he was safe, he chose instead to disappear into the crowd. After rescuers wasted hours of time searching for him, the man turned himself in to authorities. He was convicted of disorderly conduct and required to pay several thousand dollars in restitution[citation needed].
In 2006, the governing body adopted an ordinance that makes it illegal to gather in such a manner on the public waterways that will crowd the waterway, disturb the peace or create a danger to people or public or private property. The town also passed a law to require any organized special event to apply for a permit and to appear before the Borough Council if alcohol is involved. Failure to comply carries a fine and community service[citation needed].
[edit] References
- ^ USGS GNIS: Borough of Avalon, Geographic Names Information System. Accessed January 4, 2008.
- ^ a b Census data for Avalon borough, United States Census Bureau. Accessed August 19, 2007.
- ^ a b American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ US Board on Geographic Names. United States Geological Survey (2007-10-25). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ "The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968", John P. Snyder, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 113.
- ^ Urgo, Jacqueline L.. "Triumph for South Jersey", The Philadelphia Inquirer, May 23, 2008. Retrieved on 2008-05-30.
- ^ US Gazetteer files: 2000 and 1990. United States Census Bureau (2005-05-03). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ Jersey Resident Population by Municipality: 1930 - 1990, Workforce New Jersey Public Information Network. Accessed March 1, 2007.
- ^ 2005 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book, Rutgers University Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, April 2005, p. 8.
- ^ Municipal Offices, Borough of Avalon. Accessed April 24, 2008.
- ^ 2006 New Jersey Citizen's Guide to Government, New Jersey League of Women Voters, p. 54. Accessed August 30, 2006.
- ^ Legislative Roster: 2008-2009 Session, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed June 6, 2008.
- ^ About the Governor, New Jersey. Accessed June 6, 2008.
- ^ Freeholders Home Page, Cape May County, New Jersey. Accessed January 30, 2008.
- ^ Data for the Avalon Elementary School, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed April 24, 2008.
- ^ Middle Township High School 2006 School Report Card, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed February 13, 2008. "Middle Township High School is a four-year, accredited, comprehensive high school situated in central Cape May County. The school serves the communities of Middle Township, Dennis Township, Avalon, and Stone Harbor."
- ^ History of Avalon. Accessed Jan 25, 2007.
- ^ Avalon Residents Recall 1962 Storm. Accessed April 11, 2007.
[edit] External links
- Avalon Borough website
- Avalon Elementary School
- Avalon Elementary School's 2006-07 School Report Card from the New Jersey Department of Education
- Data for the Avalon Elementary School, National Center for Education Statistics
- Avalon History
- Avalon Residents Recall 1962 Storm
- Sand Barrens Golf Club, Swainton, NJ
- Avalon Community Guide
- The Cape May County Gazette Local community newspaper
- The Beachcomber
- Seven Mile Times
- Avalon, New Jersey is at coordinates Coordinates:
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