Austrian schilling
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| Austrian schilling Österreichischer Schilling (German) |
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| ISO 4217 Code | ATS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| User(s) | Austria | ||||
| Inflation | 2% | ||||
| Source | CIA world factbook 2001 | ||||
| ERM | |||||
| Since | 19 June 1989 | ||||
| Fixed rate since | 31 December 1998 | ||||
| Replaced by €, non cash | 1 January 1999 | ||||
| Replaced by €, cash | 1 January 2002 | ||||
| € = | S 13.7603 | ||||
| Subunit | |||||
| 1/100 | Groschen | ||||
| Symbol | S or öS | ||||
| Plural | Schilling | ||||
| Groschen | Groschen | ||||
| Coins | |||||
| Freq. used | 10, 50, Groschen, S 1, S 5, S 10 | ||||
| Rarely used | 1, 2, 5 Groschen, S 20, S 50 | ||||
| Banknotes | S 20, S 50, S 100, S 500, S 1000, S 5000 | ||||
| Central bank | Oesterreichische Nationalbank | ||||
| Website | www.oenb.at | ||||
| Mint | Münze Österreich | ||||
| Website | austrian-mint.com | ||||
| This infobox shows the latest status before this currency was rendered obsolete. | |||||
The Schilling was the currency of Austria between 1924 and 1938 and again between 1945 and 1999, and the circulating currency until 2002. The euro was introduced at a fixed parity of €1 = 13.7603 Schilling to replace it. The Schilling was divided into 100 Groschen.
Contents |
[edit] History
[edit] First Schilling
The Schilling was established by the Schilling Act (Schillingrechnungsgesetz) of December 20, 1924 at a rate of 1 Schilling to 10,000 Austro-Hungarian Kronen and issued on 1 March 1925. The Schilling was abolished in the wake of the Anschluss (1938), when it was exchanged at a rate of 1 German Reichsmark to 1.5 Schilling.
[edit] Second Schilling
The Schilling was reintroduced after World War II on November 30, 1945 by the Allied Military, who issued paper money (dated 1944) in denominations of 50 Groschen up to 100 Schilling. The exchange rate to the Reichsmark was 1:1, limited to 150 Schilling per person. The Nationalbank also began issuing Schilling notes in 1945 and the first coins were issued in 1946.
With a second "Schilling" law in November 1947, new banknotes were introduced. The earlier notes could be exchanged for new notes at par for the first 150 Schilling and at a rate of 1 new Schilling for 3 old Schilling thereafter. Coins were not affected by this reform. The currency stabilised in the 1950s, with the Schilling being tied to the U.S. dollar at a rate of $1 = 26 Schilling. Following the breakdown of the Bretton Woods system in 1971, the Schilling was initially tied to a basket of currencies and then, in July 1976, the Schilling was coupled to the Deutsche Mark.
Although the euro became the official currency of Austria in 1999, euro coins and notes were not introduced until 2002. Old Schilling denominated coins and notes were phased out from circulation because of the introduction of the euro by 28 February of that year. Schilling banknotes and coins which were valid at the time of the introduction of the euro will remain exchangeable for euros at any branch of the Austrian National Bank (Oesterreichische Nationalbank) indefinitely.
[edit] Coins
[edit] First Schilling
In 1925, bronze 1 and 2 Groschen, cupro-nickel 10 Groschen and silver ½ and 1 Schilling coins were introduced, followed by cupro-nickel 5 Groschen in 1931. In 1934, cupro-nickel 50 Groschen and 1 Schilling were introduced, together with silver 5 Schilling. Coins were issued until 1938.
[edit] Second Schilling
| 50 Schilling 1974 | |
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| [[|250px]] | |
| Value encircled by the Austrian coat-of-arms (at top) and coats of arms of the nine states of Austria | International Garden Exhibition |
| 640‰ silver, 20 g. The first year of reduced silver content in 50 Schilling coin. | |
Between 1947 and 1952, coins in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 Groschen, 1, 2 and 5 Schilling were introduced. The 1, 2 and 50 Groschen, 1, 2 and 5 Schilling were struck in aluminium, as was the second type of 10 Groschen coin. The 5 Groschen and first type of 10 Groschen were in zinc, with the 20 Groschen struck in aluminium-bronze. The 1 Groschen was only struck in 1947, whilst the 20 Groschen and 2 Shilling coins were suspended from production in 1954 and 1952, respectively. In 1957, silver 10 Schilling coins were introduced, followed, in 1959, by aluminium-bronze 50 Groschen and 1 Schilling, and, in 1960, by silver 5 Schilling coins. Thus, the 5 Schilling coins went from an aluminium composition to a silver one, a highly unusual event made possible by the substantial improvement of the Austrian economy in the 1950s. Cupro-nickel replaced silver in the 5 and 10 Schilling coins in 1969 and 1974, respectively. An aluminium-bronze 20 Schilling coin was introduced in 1980.
At the time of the changeover to the euro, coins in circulation were the following. Coins under 10 Groschen were rarely seen in circulation during the final years of validity.
| Last Circulating Coins [1] [2] [3] | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Image | Value | € equiv. | Technical parameters | Description | Date of | |||||
| Diameter | Mass | Composition | Edge | Obverse | Reverse | first minting | issue | |||
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1 Groschen | 0.07 cent | 17 mm | 1.8 g | 100% zinc | Smooth | State title, coat of arms | Value, year of minting | 1947 | 5 April 1948 |
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2 Groschen | 0.15 cent | 18 mm | 0.9 g | 98.5% aluminium 1.5% magnesium |
Coat of arms | State title, value, year of minting | 1950 | 15 July 1950 | |
| 5 Groschen | 0.36 cent | 19 mm | 2.5 g | 100% zinc | Notched | State title, coat of arms | Value, year of minting | 1948 | 17 June 1948 | |
 |
10 Groschen | 0.73 cent | 20 mm | 1.1 g | 98.5% aluminium 1.5% magnesium |
Smooth | Coat of arms | Value, year of minting | 1951 | 27 November 1951 |
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50 Groschen | 3.63 cent | 19.5 mm | 3 g | 91.5% copper 8.5% aluminium |
Serrated | Shield, state title | Value, year of minting | 1959 | 1 October 1959 |
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S 1 | 7.27 cent | 22.5 mm | 4.2 g | Smooth | State title, value, year of minting | Edelweiss flowers, value | 1959 | 1 September 1959 | |
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S 5 | 36.34 cent | 23.5 mm | 4.8 g | Cupronickel1 75% copper 25% nickel |
Smooth | State title, horse rider | Shield, value, year of minting | 1968 | 15 January 1969 |
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S 10 | 72.67 cent | 26 mm | 6.2 g | Serrated | State title, coat of arms | Woman, value, year of minting | 1974 | 17 April 1974 | |
| S 20 | 1.45 | 27.7 mm | 8 g | Aluminium bronze 92% copper 6% aluminium 2% nickel |
Smoothly with 19 points/Smooth 2 | State title, the nine Austrian provinces | Value, year of minting | 1980 | 10 December 1980 | |
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S 20 | State title, value, shield, year of minting | Various commemorative subject | 1982 | ||||||
| S 50 | 3.63 | 26.5 mm Core: 18.5 mm |
8.15 g | Ring: Aluminium bronze (as S 20) Center: Magnimat 7 |
Smooth | State title, value encircled by the coats-of-arms of the states of Austria | Various commemorative subject | 1996 | ||
| These images are to scale at 2.5 pixels per millimetre, a Wikipedia standard for world coins. For table standards, see the coin specification table. | ||||||||||
- 10 Schilling has pure nickel core
- Smoothly with 19 points until 1992. In 1993, all previous 20 Schilling coins were reissued with smooth edges.
[edit] Banknotes
[edit] First Schilling
In 1925, notes were introduced by the Austrian National Bank in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 100 and 1000 Schillinge (note the different spelling of the plural on this first series of notes). 50 Schilling notes were added in 1929.
[edit] Second Schilling
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In 1945, the Allies introduced notes (dated 1944) in denominations of 50 Groschen, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100 and 1000 Schilling. The National Bank also introduced notes in 1945, in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 1000 Schilling. With the banknote reform of 1947, new notes were issued in denominations of 10, 20, 100 and 1000 Schilling, with 50 Schilling notes reintroduced in 1951, followed by 500 Schilling in 1953. In 1957, the 10 Schilling note was replaced by a coin. However, although 20 Schilling coins were issued from 1980, the 20 Schilling note continued to be produced, with 5000 Schilling notes added in 1988.
| 1983 Series [4] | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Image Front | Value | € equiv. | Dimensions | Description | Date of | |||
| Obverse | Reverse | printing | issue | |||||
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S 20 | 1.45 | 123 × 61.5 mm | Moritz Daffinger | Albertina (Vienna) | 1 October 1986 | 19 October 1988 | |
| S 50 | 3.63 | 130 × 65 mm | Sigmund Freud | Josephinum (Alsergrund, Vienna) | 2 January 1986 | 19 October 1987 | ||
| S 100 | 7.27 | 137 × 68.5 mm | Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk | Akademie der Wissenschaften | 2 January 1984 | 14 October 1985 | ||
| [[Image:P152Vs[1]]] | S 500 | 36.34 | 144 × 72 mm | Otto Wagner | Post Office Savings Bank, Vienna | 1 July 1985 | 1986 | |
| S 1000 | 72.67 | 152 × 76 mm | Erwin Schrödinger | University of Vienna | 3 January 1983 | 1983 | ||
| S 5000 | 363.36 | 160 × 78 mm | Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | Wiener Staatsoper | 4 January 1988 | 17 October 1989 | ||
| 1997 Series | ||||||||
| Image Front | Value | € equiv. | Dimensions | Description | Date of | |||
| Obverse | Reverse | printing | issue | |||||
| S 500 | 36.34 | 147 × 72 mm | Rosa Mayreder | Rosa Mayreder | 1 January 1997 | 20 October 1997 | ||
| S 1000 | 72.67 | 154 × 72 mm | Karl Landsteiner | Karl Landsteiner | 1 January 1997 | 20 October 1997 | ||
| These images are to scale at 0.7 pixels per millimetre, a Wikipedia standard for world banknotes. For table standards, see the banknote specification table. | ||||||||
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Oesterreichische Nationalbank. Gesamtverzeichnis der Schillingmünzen von 1947 bis 2001 (German). Retrieved on 2006-10-23.
- ^ Münze Österreich. Coin Catalogue. Retrieved on 2006-10-23.
- ^ Oesterreichische Nationalbank. Circulation Coinage. Archived from the original on 2005-03-17. Retrieved on 2006-10-23.
- ^ Oesterreichische Nationalbank. From the Schilling to the Euro. Retrieved on 2006-10-23.
- Krause, Chester L. and Clifford Mishler (2003). 2004 Standard Catalog of World Coins: 1901-Present, Colin R. Bruce II (senior editor), 31st ed., Krause Publications. ISBN 0-87349-593-4.
- Cuhaj, George S. (editor) (2006). Standard Catalog of World Paper Money: Modern Issues 1961-Present, 12th ed., Krause Publications. ISBN 0-89689-356-1.
[edit] External links
- Don's World Coin Gallery - Austria
- Ron Wise's World Paper Money - Austria Mirror site
- The Global History of Currencies - Austria
- Global Financial Data data series - Austria Schilling
- Global Financial Data currency histories table (
Microsoft Excel format) - Overview of the Austrian Schilling from the BBC
- Library of Congress Country Studies Reports
- Banknotes Austria - Pictures of nearly all Austrian shilling banknotes
- Austrian banknotes explained and historical background information
| Preceded by: Austro-Hungarian Krone Reason: inflation Ratio: 1 Schilling = 10,000 Kronen |
Currency of Austria 1925 – 1938 |
Succeeded by: German Reichsmark Reason: German annexation (anschluss) Ratio: 1 Reichsmark = 1.5 Schilling |
| Preceded by: German Reichsmark Reason: restoration of sovereignty, under allied occupation Ratio: at par, limited to 150 Schilling per person |
Currency of Austria November 30, 1945 – November, 1947 |
Succeeded by: New Schilling Reason: inflation Ratio: at par for the first 150 Schilling per person, then 1 new Schilling = 3 Allied Military Schilling |
| Preceded by: Allied Military Schilling Reason: inflation Ratio: at par for the first 150 Schilling per person, then 1 Schilling = 3 allied military Schilling |
Currency of Austria 1947 – December 31, 2001 Note: euro existed as an accounting currency since 1 January 1999 |
Succeeded by: euro Reason: deployment of euro cash Ratio: 1 euro = 13.7603 Schilling |
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