Wikipedia:Articles for creation/2007-05-12

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Spywarebomb is a famous free antispyware launched this year by spywarebomb corp. The software is capable of stopping several forms of spyware and adware.Last version is 3.1 and has included internet explorer protection and other advanced settings.

[edit] Sources

http://www.spywarebomb.com http://www.soft32.com/download_202057.html http://www.softslist.com/download-9-2-67318.html

85.240.208.163 00:08, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Declined. This suggestion doesn't sufficiently explain the importance or significance of the subject. See the speedy deletion criteria A7 and/or guidelines on companies and corporations. Please provide more information on why the organization is worthy of inclusion in an encyclopedia. Thank you.Jackaranga 06:05, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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[edit] Ethan Joel Rentz

 Ethan Rentz is a amature motocross racer.  He races at Dade City Raceway in Florida.  He races a 125cc and a 250cc.  He represents FOX RACING.  His 125cc bike is red, black, and white.  His 250cc is white, black with a little bit of red.His 250cc is a HONDA.

Ethan was born in Mulberry, FL. He started his racing career about a year ago. His dream is to one day be as good as Ricky Carmichael.

[edit] Sources

www.dadecitymx.com/HTML/round 4 spring series points.htm

67.142.130.41 00:53, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Declined. This suggestion doesn't sufficiently explain the importance or significance of the subject. See the speedy deletion criteria A7 and/or guidelines on biographies. Please provide more information on why the person or group is worthy of inclusion in an encyclopedia. Thank you. MER-C 11:48, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

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The "Fitz and Brooks" or (R&B) show came about after Rod Brook's former co host Rick Barry left the station in early 2006. The show is aired on the San Francisco, Ca based radio station KNBR 680 weekdays from noon to 3. It is known for the host abilities to entertain the audience with their vast sports knowledge and an occasional Will Farrel drop. The two seem to be semi competitive with one another, that is until Bob recently ran away with the 2006 NFL and NCAA football pick segment of the show. They have recently discovered the power of former american idol contestant Chris Daughtry's song "its not over" in correlation with the golden state warriors winning ways. Much to Rod's dismay he can no longer deny that Daughtry is solely responsible for the warriors recent playoff run.

Rod Brooks is originaly from Houston, Texas and attended college at Louisana State University, his favorite non bay area teams include the L.S.U Tigers, The NBA's Houston Rockets, MLB's Houston Astros, and the NFL's Houston Texans.

Bob Fitzgerald grew up in Chicago, Illinois, as well as the bay area. He attended college at Notre Dame, and graduate school at Ohio State University, (however he is extremeley partial of Notre Dame). His Favorite non bay area teams include, the Notre Dame Fighting Irish, MLB's Chicago White Sox, and the NFL's Chicago Bears.

Both Rod and Bob like to poke fun at one another on recent sporting events in which some of their beloved teams have fallen short. Mike Holler (the shows producer) helps out with this ongoing feud by dropping in convenient sound bites.

Some of the subjects that Rod uses against Bob include, Rex Grossmans quaterbacking of the Chicago "Bearly's", L.S.U's ownership of Notre Dame in a 2007 BCS game, and Notre Dame's streak of consecutive losses in bowl games.

Some of the subjects that Bob chooses to pick on Rod about include, The Houston Texans passing on Reggie Bush and picking Mario Williams with the first pick in the 2006 NFL draft, L.S.U's graduation rates and educational standards, and the Chicago White Sox sweeping the Houston Astros in the 2005 world series.

[edit] Sources

67.181.19.103 03:23, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Declined. We cannot accept unsourced suggestions or sources that are not reliable per the verifiability policy. Please provide reputable, third-party sources with your suggestions. Third party sources are needed both to establish the verifiability of the submission as well as its notability.Jackaranga 06:07, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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• Removed copyright violation content.

[edit] Sources

Australian Women Biography and Australian Feminism, a companion. 1998; Smith, A. Viola, Women in Australian Parliaments and Local Governments Past and Present. 1975.

202.137.73.41 03:30, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Declined. This article appears to be taken from http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE0004b.htm. We can not accept copyrighted content taken from web sites or printed sources. Note that copyright protection is granted to all works automatically, whether it is asserted or not. Unless stated otherwise, assume that most content on the internet is copyrighted and not suitable for Wikipedia. Please write in your own words, and in continuous prose.Jackaranga 06:15, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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• Removed copyright violation

[edit] Sources

www.kliuc.edu.my

219.95.22.105 06:34, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Declined. This article appears to be taken from http://www.privatecollegemalaysia.com. We can not accept copyrighted content taken from web sites or printed sources. Note that copyright protection is granted to all works automatically, whether it is asserted or not. Unless stated otherwise, assume that most content on the internet is copyrighted and not suitable for Wikipedia. Please write in your own words, and in continuous prose.Jackaranga 06:18, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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(Born April 6, 1991 in San Jose, California) is an American innovator currently enrolled at Santa Clara High School. Thomas was always a bright child,(he began reading at age 3) he was very interested in music growing up in Southern San Jose. The rosters of the Bad Boy & Death Row labels were his favorites. His parents strived to keep him away from the gang culture of San Jose. To keep him away, they had him take up sports. He immediatly flourished at basketball, first playing with a local YMCA team. Thomas's parents moved the family out of San Jose to a suburb called Santa Clara, which is in the general vicinity. He began making up his own slang when he got into middle school at Willow Glen Middle School. He was like a younger E-40, who also created his own vocabulary. Dopajuana, Jim-Jam, ish, bigwiggle, napscrap, and many others. Semere is currently working on a basketball scholarship to UCLA.

[edit] Sources

71.132.143.254 07:11, 12 May 2007 (UTC)
Declined. This suggestion doesn't sufficiently explain the importance or significance of the subject. See the speedy deletion criteria A7 and/or guidelines on biographies. Please provide more information on why the person or group is worthy of inclusion in an encyclopedia. Thank you.
Declined. We cannot accept unsourced suggestions or sources that are not reliable per the verifiability policy. Please provide reputable, third-party sources with your suggestions. Third party sources are needed both to establish the verifiability of the submission as well as its notability.Jackaranga 06:20, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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UFO (band) UFO REGENERATOR - LIVE 1982 1. "We Belong to the Night" (4:22) 2. "Let it Rain" (3:09) 3. "Long Gone" (5:02) 4. "The Wild, the Willing and the Innocent" (4:51) 5. "Only You Can Rock Me" (4:20) 6. "No Place to Run" (5:02) 7. "Love To Love" (8:43) 8. "Doing It All For You" (4:02) 9. "Makin' Moves" (4:49) 10. "Too Hot To Handle" (6:46) 11. "Mystery Train" (7:52) 12. "Lights Out" [Bonus Track] (10:36)

Sources from AMAZON.COM≥69.232.58.2 07:28, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Sources

Declined. We cannot accept unsourced suggestions or sources that are not reliable per the verifiability policy. Please provide reputable, third-party sources with your suggestions. Third party sources are needed both to establish the verifiability of the submission as well as its notability.
This article already exists in Wikipedia. You can find it at UFO (band). No title proposed, source is to vague.Jackaranga 06:23, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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Corey Hopkins, A.K.A Shades is a shady character. He recieved this nickname by a group of his peers during high school due to his shady behavior. He was born July 17 1987 in Elmhurst, Illinois. He then moved to the streets of Northlake where he spent most of his life living on Harold St. As a child Shades was a remarkable ball player. He was so good that when he finally reached high school he played varsity baseball as a freshman. While attending West Leyden High School, he made many friends, who were very bad influences. As a freshman playing varsity baseball he hit .423 and led the Leyden Eagles in batting average, stolen bases, hits, doubles, triples, and fielding percentage. Scouts from major colleges such as Wichita State and Miami to name a few were already comming to look at him as a freshman. His success carried on into summer ball and into his sophmore year at Leyden. As the Sophmore season began Corey started running with a bad crowd, which included known drug dealers and gang bangers. His grades and his batting average began to drop. Colleges stopped comming to the games and no one wanted to take a chance on him anymore. He had lost everything. He finished the sophmore season with a .068 batting average, worst on the team. Summer ball came around and he was kicked off of the team due to drug use and alcohol abuse on the bench. Later that year he was arrested and charged with felony possesion of narcotics as well as felony possesion of a concealed .44 caliber hand gun according to IDOC.gov. His career as a ball player was over. He finished his high school career as a nobody. He graduated with a 1.67 G.P.A and never played any other sports at Leyden. He simply went from the All-Star second baseman who was going to save baseball at Leyden to a shady washed up degenerate. Currently he works at Panera Bread in Elmhurst and makes $6.75/hour. He does not go to school and has three young children, but remains a street thug. In 2005 he was named the 3rd shadiest character behind Samuel L. Jackson and Rob Lowe, according to RollingStone.com. This one time great is currently nineteen years old and lives with his parents and remains one of the shadiest characters of all time.

http://www.rollingstone.com/shadiestcharacters/list http://www.idoc.gov/coreyhopkins/inmates/

Declined. This suggestion doesn't sufficiently explain the importance or significance of the subject. See the speedy deletion criteria A7 and/or guidelines on biographies. Please provide more information on why the person or group is worthy of inclusion in an encyclopedia. Thank you.
Declined. Your article appears to be a joke. It might be a wonderful entry in Uncyclopedia, a wiki where jokes and parodies are highly encouraged. But sadly, Wikipedia requires a stodgier, more factual tone in its articles, and your comedic efforts cannot be rewarded here.

• You didn't sign the submission.Jackaranga 06:26, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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This is a walk through of how to determine whether a series is convergent or divergent

U have the following(general) series : _n=1∑^¥ a_n

Step 1: You start by checking if the limit a_n =0

If yes then the series diverges, If no go to the next step

Step 2: You check whether the series converges with the following tests.

             - Comparison
             - Limit Comparison: if the limit with which to compare is easily 
               recognized
             - Ratio: if an involves factorials and/or powers of n
             - Root: if an involves an nth power
             - Integral: if f(n)= an,f decreasing and continuous, 
                and f can be integrated
             If these test are not conclusive, the answer to this question 
             likely cannot be determined by methods in this text.

If yes then series converges absolutely, If no go to Step 3

Step 3 Is the series a positive series, you can check these with using a graphical calculator, or checking if a_n is smaller than a_n+1

If yes then the series diverges , If no go to Step 4

Step 4 Is the series alternating with [a_n+1]<[a_n] for all n?

If yes then the series converges conditionally

[edit] Sources

I got this from handout we got in maths

82.173.178.229 09:17, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

This article already exists in Wikipedia. You can find it at Convergent series.
This article already exists in Wikipedia. You can find it at Divergent series.
Declined. The proposed article is not suitable for Wikipedia. Thanks for your submission, unfortunately we can't accept it because wikipedia is not a guide book, and the information is already included in the articles aforementioned. Jackaranga 06:31, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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MedRec is a product developed to provide fast, confidential and recent medical information to the subscribers. The software uses an over the network database that is updated live and is able to input, process, and output information. Akshay Vision International[1](USA) is the parent company which developed this system. This is a break through in the field of medicine and technology. First country to be offered this technology is India and the secondary market is the United States.

Perhaps, the Chennai based development team is responsible for securing the Indian release first. The company board members include authorities of multiple scientific fields including Dr. Ravi Potttathil, recognized authority in the field of diagnostics and therapeutics announced his endorsement for the MedRec Technology. As a virologist and molecular biologist, Dr. Pottathil has over 40 refereed publications to his credit.

Another landmark aspect of this development is its over the internet access. This feature is available via the corporate Indian portal Www.MedRec.In [2].

[edit] Sources

MedRec Technology Pvt. Ltd. [3]
Akshay Vision International. [4]
Medical Software Forum | Future Companies of India Summit
Dr. Ravi Pottathil (http://www.aethlonmedical.com/about/sci_advisory.htm) 69.105.140.188 10:11, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

This should be rejected as non-notable. The company's own website states that the software is due to be released in "beta format" from 1st October - it is therefore neither a current product, nor can it have established yet a notable user base. This is commercial spamming ahead of a product release date. David Ruben ^Talk 12:31, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Declined. We're sorry, but your article appears to read more like an advertisement than an entry in an encyclopedia. If you still feel that this subject is appropriate for Wikipedia, please rewrite your proposed article in the form of an encyclopedia entry, not an advertisement. Encyclopedia entries should be written from a neutral point of view, and should refer to a range of published, verifiable sources, not just to materials produced by the creator of the item being discussed. See the comment above.Jackaranga 06:34, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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Lieutenant Tom Cantrell is sent to defend Sergeant Braxton Rutledge a black cavalry soldier on a charge of rape and murder. The story begins in a courtroom and the story is told through flashbacks. This is a story of how a black soldier in the face of danger from the Indians can be so easily mistaken as a criminal.

[edit] Sources

http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0054292/plotsummary

Declined. This article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. Please see tips on how to better format your article.

• Please remember to sign your submission. Jackaranga 06:36, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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Eileen Kupper is a female singer. Her background voice appears in metal albums such as Animatronic, album by Covennant released in 1998 and Vovin released by Therion in the same year.

[edit] Sources

Wikipedia:Animatronic http://srgn.chat.ru/Therion.htm 89.142.102.208 10:49, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Declined. This suggestion doesn't sufficiently explain the importance or significance of the subject. See the speedy deletion criteria A7 and/or guidelines on musical artists. Please provide more information on why this musical artist is worthy of inclusion in an encyclopedia. Thank you.
Declined. Wikipedia articles must be about a notable subject, and backed up by reliable third party sources. Please explain how your subject is notable by including helpful sources. Thank you.Jackaranga 06:37, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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Redirect to Exit sign

[edit] Sources

Alternate name (This is a special case; the lettering on the signs themselves, which are very common in the US, consists of these exact four upper-case letters.)

69.87.201.141 11:09, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Redirect created. Thank you for your contribution to Wikipedia!Jackaranga 06:43, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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Diet Pepsi Max is a new form of Diet Pepsi that has more caffeine. It will be released in June 2007.^[1]

[edit] References

1. ^ Diet Pepsi

Declined. Wikipedia articles must be about a notable subject, and backed up by reliable third party sources. Please explain how your subject is notable by including helpful sources. Thank you.
It's not a third party source.

• You didn't sign your submission. Jackaranga 06:46, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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Will-o'-the-wisp

[edit] Sources

Latin plural of alternate name

130.234.199.53 12:10, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Redirect created. Thank you for your contribution to Wikipedia!Jackaranga 06:52, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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Igor Lebedenko ({{lang-ru|Игорь Лебеденко}}, born May 27, 1983) is a Russian footballer, currently playing for FC Saturn Moscow Oblast. His position is striker.

He has played for the Russia U-21. Last season he spent time on loan at FC Lokomotiv Moscow. Before that he played at FC Torpedo Moscow.

[edit] External links

• [5]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lebedenko, Igor}}

[edit] Sources

88.109.132.201 12:36, 12 May 2007 (UTC)
This article already exists in Wikipedia. Jackaranga 23:37, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

• The page already existed but there was a spelling error in the name, so I corrected it.Jackaranga 23:37, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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Vijaya Chakravarty is a prominent Citizen of Mumbai.

She is a Landscape Designer by profession. She started her career in the 1980s with small landscaping assignments, a training in Japan and an exhibition. From then there is no looking back & today she is established as one of the notable Landscape artists & environmentalists in Mumbai.

Her clientele include The Indian Groups of hotels, Corporate houses & private bungalows of India's top businessmen.

Apart from her profession, She is also a leading member of the BNMHS group for Environment conservation & Heritage watch.

She is regularily invited to give talks at various institutions, indo-japanese associations etc and is a constant contributer to the health of Mumbai!

[edit] Sources

www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/96517.cms www.hinduonnet.com/folio/fo0006/00060300.htm groups.yahoo.com/group/birdsofbombay/messages/3101?viscount

213.7.40.30 13:30, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Declined. This suggestion doesn't sufficiently explain the importance or significance of the subject. See the speedy deletion criteria A7 and/or guidelines on biographies. Please provide more information on why the person or group is worthy of inclusion in an encyclopedia. Thank you.Jackaranga 23:38, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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(Attack removed)

[edit] Sources

194.46.136.150 13:49, 12 May 2007 (UTC)
Declined. The proposed article is not suitable for Wikipedia. This appears to be a personal attack rather than an unbiased, sourced, article. Notinasnaid 14:45, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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Jennifer ('Jenny') Buckle (b:1986) is a world champion skydiver and air sports competitor based at Langar Airfield in Nottinghamshire, England. She is notable for being the first British competitor ever to win the international canopy piloting campionships, (2006) as well as the first female. She has also represented the UK at international level in 4-way sequential formation skydiving for the 4 years to 2006, being both the youngest ever copetitor and the youngest ever medal winner. If similar success is achieved in 2007 then 'JB', as she is affectionately known, will also become the first ever female competitor to bring medals home to the UK for 3 consecutive years.

Jennifer comes from a skydiving family, her aunt Jane Buckle has been British and International champion in many disciplines over the past 25 years (see last reference) and is now the managing director of Headcorn Parachute Club in Kent, UK.

Despite her international acclaim, her main skydiving activity is to jump with relatively inexperienced formation jumpers in order to help improve their proficiency. She frequently offers her coaching for no cost.

[edit] Sources

International Canopy Piloting and 4-way Sequential results - http://www.skyleague.com
British Parachute Association - http://www.bpa.org.uk
Team Sonic V - Jennifer Buckle's current coaching project - http://www.skyleague.com/pages/teams/showTeam.php?team=1432
'Jane Buckle wins gold' - http://www.skydivekent.co.uk/headcorn-parachute-club/lac-meet.asp 86.145.217.176 15:07, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Declined. Wikipedia articles must be about a notable subject, and backed up by reliable third party sources. Please explain how your subject is notable by including helpful sources. Thank you.

• She is not mentioned in any of the sources, I see no proof of her existence. Only her "Jane Buckle", her aunt?, is mentioned. Jackaranga 23:49, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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Ubiquinol is the reduced form of ubiquinone, created by Complex III, as part of the electron transport chain in the mitochondria.

It is later reoxidised to ubiuinol and reused as an electron carrier within the cell.

[edit] Sources

Nelson, DL & Cox, MM (2005) Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry Fourth Edition, pp. 690-705. WH Freeman, New York, USA

130.56.65.25 15:30, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Redirect created. You can find it at Coenzyme Q10#Antioxidant role of CoQ10 in the body.Thank you for your contribution to Wikipedia!

• I created a redirect to this paragraph instead, because your proposed article is very short and provides no context, please leave me a message, on my talk page, if this is incorrect. Jackaranga 00:00, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

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{{[[Template:Infobox_Company

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Surfer, Dude is a movie starring Matthew McConaughey that is currently in pre-production and is scheduled to start production sometime in May 2007. The filming location is Australia.

The poster for the movie has been released and was featured in a segment on VH1's Best Week Ever.

[edit] Sources

http://imdb.com/title/tt0976247/

209.59.113.20 15:55, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Article created. Thank you for your contribution to Wikipedia!Jackaranga 00:33, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

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Though born in 1982, a native of San Francisco, Sylvia Ji's artistic ability is akin to another time and place. Her work encapsulates an alluring beauty that is both cutting edge and a nod to time-honored technique. Hauntingly beautiful images brimming with sexual provocation mix with a sense of consternation, hinting that all is not as well as it may initially appear.

Some of her paintings are symbolic reflections of herself, portraits of people she knows or just nameless faces set in a landscape of fleeting and decaying beauty. She graduated with distinction from the Academy of Art University of San Francisco with a BFA in traditional illustration and already had her first ambitious and successful solo show while still in her last year of school. Since then, she has been in high demand, keeping continuously engaged in an onslaught of numerous shows across the nation.

[edit] Sources

http://www.sylviaji.com http://www.juxtapoz.com/jux/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=944&Itemid=121 http://www.juxtapoz.com/jux/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=786&Itemid=62 http://www.sourharvest.com/thinkspace/behind/index.php http://musicisart.ws/?p=387 http://www.stainlesssteeldroppings.com/?p=458

Scratchmyscalp 16:05, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Declined. This suggestion doesn't sufficiently explain the importance or significance of the subject. See the speedy deletion criteria A7 and/or guidelines on biographies. Please provide more information on why the person or group is worthy of inclusion in an encyclopedia. Thank you.
Declined. We're sorry, but your article appears to read more like an advertisement than an entry in an encyclopedia. If you still feel that this subject is appropriate for Wikipedia, please rewrite your proposed article in the form of an encyclopedia entry, not an advertisement. Encyclopedia entries should be written from a neutral point of view, and should refer to a range of published, verifiable sources, not just to materials produced by the creator of the item being discussed.Jackaranga 00:34, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

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Redirect to Cuisine of the United States

[edit] Sources

Alternate name

69.138.188.233 16:06, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

This article already exists in Wikipedia. You can find it at American cuisine.Jackaranga 00:44, 14 May 2007 (UTC) If you type American Cuisine, into the search box and hit go, it takes you to the right page automatically. If you find incorrect links feel free to correct them, as this is the only reason the redirect would be needed.Jackaranga 00:44, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

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Königsberg (Preußen) is a former German city in East Prussia.

Timeline:

Late 7th Century - Middle 11th century

The Vikings live in the area that later becomes East Prussia.

1200s

The Danes regularly expand into what becomes East Prussia.

1226

Conrad of Mazouvia calls on the Order of the Teutonic Knights, recently expulsed from the Holy Lands and in search of a new mission, to assist him in his struggles against the local Preussen. He negotiates with the Order's leader Hermann von Salza, who had accompanied Emperor Friedrich II to Palestine. Conrad cedes to them the lands of Northern Poland in which he had been unable to impose Christianity on the Preussen "unfaithful." The Pope authorizes the Teutonic Order to conquer and to convert the land of the Preussen east of the Vistula in the Golden Bull of Rimini.

1230

A new crusade is undertaken, with the sanction of Pope Gregory IX, who grants the same indulgences for it as for the crusades to the Holy Lands. Hermann von Salza designates as the crusade's leader Hermann Balk, who is proclaimed "Master of Prussia." Most of the crusaders come from Germany and Western Europe, but also from Poland. As they advance, they build temporary fortresses which were later replaced with brick castles.

1237

The crusaders reach the southern swamp of the Frisches Haff.

1241

The Teutons are beaten first by the Mongols at Liegnitz, and then by Alexander Nevski, the prince of Novgorod and vassal of the Tatars. Thorn and Kulm hold out.

1249

Teutonic Knights and three of the Preussen tribes agree to the Treaty of Christbourg.

1255

The founding of Königsberg. The Grand Master Poppo of Osterna obtains from the pope the declaration of a new crusade, in which the margrave Otto of Brandenburg, Premysl Otaker II, King of Bohemia and the future emperor Rodolphe of Habsburg participate. The expedition reaches the beginning of the Pregel river, near which the Teutons build a new fortress which they named "Königsberg", close to the fishing town of Steindamm. The Teutons build a merchant town around the Church of Saint Nicholas. Other fortresses are buit at Tilsit and Memel, on the Niemen.

1262 - 1265

The Preussen reconquer the location and destroy Königsberg.

1268

The Church of Saint Nicholas in what would become Königsberg's Altstadt is built.

1283

The Teutonic conquest ends with complete victory and violent repression. 1286

The Grand Master of the Teutonic Order grants an urban charter to what will become the Altstadt. The town consists of about 11.6 hectares, including the fortress and the market.

1300

Weaves from Torún establish themselves at Löbenicht, for which they obtain a charter. It evolves into an independent city with its own church, hospital, nun's convent, armories and fortifications. Its Town Hall is built along the Eastern Walls of the Alstadt. It covers about 7.3 hectares.

1327

A third town, of about 9 hectares, is founded on the island in the Pregel just to the south of Alstadt: Kneiphof, also known as "New Königsberg." It receives its own town charter. It builds its own fortifications, with five gates.

1330

Kneiphof receives the cathedral chapter, which eventually becomes Königsberg's main church.

1333

Construction of the Cathedral (Dom) begins in Kneiphof. It will be completed in 1351. The Church of Saint Barbara in Königsberg's Löbenicht is also built. 1340

Königsberg enters the Hanseatic League.

1349

The nun's convent in Löbenicht is built.

1374

The town hall of Kneiphof is built.

1389

The Bürgermeister of the Alstadt holds the title of provost of the Hanse (until 1422). Each of the three towns - Alstadt, Löbenicht and Kneifhof - has its own relations with the Hanse, though they share a common concession (Vitte) at the herring fair.

c. 1400

The "new" Prussia becomes an "Ordenstaat", a state governed by the Teutonic Order. It included some 93 towns and 1400 villages; Königsberg itself is inhabited by 9,000 people.

The colonizers enrich themselves by producing grain,which is exported through the towns of Dantzig, Elbing, and Thorn - all of which have joined the Hanse, thus receiving the right to govern themselves (on the model of the port Lübeck).

The Teutonic Order is a major European power. Its Grand Master ruled from Marienbourg (in what would later become West Prussia), with assistants based in Riga and Elbing.

1410

A Lithuanian and Polish coalition defeats the Teutonic Order at the battle of Tannenberg. Unable to defeat the Knights completely, the coalition signs a peace treaty with them.

1450

The population of the three towns of Königsberg and their vicinity is between 8.000 and 10.000 inhabitants.

1457

Explulsed from Marienbourg by a dissident group of Knights relying on Polish support, the Grand Master retreats to Königsberg. Königsberg becomes the official residence of the Grand Masters of the Order.

1466

In the Treaty of Thorn, West Prussia is turned over to King Casimir of Poland, and the Order remains in East Prussia only on the condition that it recognizes Polish suzerainty. Henceforth, the Grand Master lives in Königsberg as his capital city.

1525

Eight years after Luther nailed his theses to the door of the Wittenberg church, Grand Master Albert of Hohenzollern secularizes the goods of the order and transforms Prussia into a temporal duchy, while remaining Poland's vassal (the Polish king gave his investiture to the new duke). Albert belonged to the family that had ruled Brandenbourg since 1415. He ruled Prussia until 1568. He devoted his reign to building the new government and establishing the Lutheran chuch in his duchy. Königsberg becomes the capital of the Duchy of Königsberg. 1544

Albert founds the University of Königsberg, which is reserved for Protestant students capable of studying in German.

1568

Albert's death leaves the precarious new state in the hands of a dim-witted successor, Albert-Friedrich (1568 - 1618). His hold on power is fortified by the liberal Polish King, Sigismund-Augustus II Jagellon, who promises that the right of succession to the Prussian Duchy would remain in the hands of the Hohenzollern even if the main line became extinct.

1573

Albert-Friedrich goes mad. Poland effectively grants the regency to the "Franconien" branch of the Hohenzollerns, in the person of Johann-Sigismund.

1613

Johann-Sigismund converts to Calvinism.

1618

Albert-Friedrich dies without offspring; his cousin and in-law, Johann-Sigismund of Brandenbourg - already Margrave of Brandenbourg and, hence, elector of the Holy Roman Empire - succeeds him for the remaining year of his life. This solidifies the establishment of a Prussian-Brandenburger state, the former part remaining in the Holy Roman Empire, the latter a Polish vassal. The effective capital of the new state is Königsberg, which has become a commercial state of considerably more importance than Brandenbourg.

1619

Following the death of Johann-Sigismund, Georg Wilhelm inherits the duchy. His reign is dominated by the Thirty Years War (1618 - 1648). His policy was initially to remain neutral, but he effectively allied himself with Sweden, and then Austria.

1626 - 1627

The three towns of Königsberg build a common set of fortifications.

1640

Georg Wilhelm dies, leaving a devastated and divided state to his heir, Friedrich Wilhelm. Friedrich Wilhelm is able to rein in the autonomy of his various possessions: Prussia in the East, Brandenburg and Pomerania in the center, and the small territories of Juliers, Cleves, Minden and Ravensberg in the West. He also devotes himself to improving the financial administration of his duchy, as well as reforming the educational system, making of the Universtiy of Königsberg a primary vehicle for the training of state bureacrats.

1648

The Treaty of Westphalia brings an end to the Thirty Years War and establishes the modern state system: the ruler of each German state is considered "sovereign and pope" in his own territories, is entitled to entertain diplomatic relations with foreign powers and engage in alliances, providing they are not agains the Empire or the Emperor. Brandenburg aquires part of Pomerania, the bishoprics of Halberstadt and Minden, and a claim to Magdeburg.

1650

The Dom receives the book collection of the Wallenrodt family.

1653

The Landtag, after a two year session, rebells under the leadership of Jerome Roth, the alderman of Könisgsberg, against the duke, who undertakes a military expedition to repress it. Roth is imprisoned until his death, while others are decapitated and marched through the town in their chains.

1660

In the Treaty of Oliva, Poland cedes to Brandenburg full sovereingty over the Duchy of Prussia, but maintains its control over Pomerelia (later West Prussia).

1675

Prussia defeats the Swedes at Fehrbellin.

1685

Friedrich Wilhelm issues the Potsdam Edict, offering to receive the French Hugenots and grant them religious freedom, after King Louis XIV of France revoked the Edict of Nantes.

1688

The elector Friedrich III inherits the duchy following Friedrich Wilhelm's death.

1701

January 18: Friedrich III accomplishes his main ambition: that of being crowned King with imperial approval - thus assuming the title "Frederic I". Though his crowning occurred on the condition that he be a "King in Prussia", it soon became customary to call him "King of Prussia." The crowning occurred in Königsberg, the Prussian capital, since this was a land that was formally outside of the Holy Roman Empire.

1713

Friedrich-Wilhelm I, the "Sergeant-King", inherits the throne. He is known both for his bad temper as well as for his honest and unabashed devotion to public service and the state. He centralizes and rationalizes the postal system, the currency and, especially, mechanisms for financing the army. His motto is: "Nicht raisonnieren."

1723

Friedrich Wilhelm creates what comes to be called the General Directory, an agency designed to organize and co-ordiate military, fiscal judicial activities in all Prussian territories.

1724

The Prussian administration formally unites the three towns into a single entity - Königsberg.

April 22: Immanuel Kant is born in Köngisberg.

1730

August 27: Johann Georg Hamann is born in Königsberg.

1740

Friedrich II inherits the throne. He continues the policies of his father, embodying the ideal of the "Enlightened Despot." He particularly devotes himself to developing the army, in which 200,000 soldiers were enlisted - more than any other European power. In 1788, Mirabeau would say: "Prussia is not a State which an army at its disposal, it is an army with a State at its disposal." He led Prussia into a series of European wars.

Immanuel Kant, at age 17, begins his studies at the University of Königsberg.

1740 - 1742

First Silesian War: Silesia is taken by Prussia.

1744 - 1745

Second Silesian War.

1741 - 1748

Prussia fights in the War of Austrian Succession.

1747

Kant publishes his first book, Gedanken von der wahren Schatzung der lebendigen Kräfte, or Thoughts on the True Estimation of Living Forces.

1755

Kant returns to Königsberg after tutoring in nearby towns. He publishes his doctoral dissertation, On Fire, or De Igne, and Principiorum Primorum Cognitionis Metaphysicae Nova Dilucidatio, or A New Explanation of the First Principles of Metaphysical Knowledge, which gives them title of Privatdozent at the University of Königsbeg.

1756 - 1763

Prussia fights in the Seven Years War. In the Treaty of Hubertusberg, Prussia retains Silesia.

1758

After initial successes, Prussian forces lose ground to the Russians, who occupy Königsberg. They remain for four years, until the death of the Tsarina Elizabeth in January 1762.

1762

Summer: Herder begins his studies at the University of Königsberg.

1770

Kant becomes a full professor at the University of Königsberg. He delivers his inaugural dissertation, entitled On the Form and Principles of the Sensible World, in which he exposes some of the first concepts of what would develop into his critical philosophy.

1772

First partition of Poland. West Prussia (excluding Danzig and Thorn) and the Ermland are taken over by Prussia.

Around this time, Friedrich II engages in significant territorial reform: he divides Pomerania into two territories, Netze and Western Prussia. The territories that had formerly belonged to the Teutonic Order and which had been the core of the Duchy and then of the kingdom were henceforth called simply "Eastern Prussia".

1773

Hamann writes New Apology for the Letter H.

1774

Hippel writes Uber die Ehe. 1777 - 1778

Prussia fights in the War of the Bavarian Succession.

1780

Hippel is appointed Bürgermeister of Königsberg.

1781

Kant publishes The Critique of Pure Reason, or "First Critique."

Hippel completes the publication of his first, largely autobiographic novel, Lebensläufe nach aufsteigender Linie, which testities to both pieitistic and rationalist tendencies. 1783

Formation of the first society of maskilim, or proponents of Haskalah, the Jewish Enlightenment movement, in Königsberg.

Kant describes how David Hume awoke him from his "dogmatic slumbers" in his Prolegomena to any Future Metaphysics.

1784

Kant writes a critical review of Herder's Ideen zur Philosophie der Geschichte der Menschheit, confirming his break with his former student.

1785

Kant writes Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals.

1786

Friedrich-Wilhelm II, the former king's cousin, inherits the throne, and is crowned in Königsberg in September.

Hippel becomes President of Königsberg.

1788

Kant publishes The Critique of Practical Reason, or "Second Critique."

1789

July 14: In Paris, the Bastille prison is stormed. In Königsberg, Kant skips his daily walk when he hears the news.

1790

Kant publishes The Critique of Judgment, or "Third Critique."

1794

Hippel finishes his second novel, Kreuz- und Querzüge des Ritters A biz Z.

1792

April 20: The French National Assembly declares war against Austria; Friedrich Wilhelm II lends his support to the Emperor, Francis II, putting Prussia at war with France.

September: Prussian troops fight alongside the Austrians at Valmy. The botched Prussian retreat leaves the road open for the French to enter Prussian territories on the Rhine, notably Mainz.

Hippel writes Uber die bürgerliche Verbesserung der Weiber.

1793

Second partition of Poland: Russia receives eastern Poland, while Prussia receives Danzig, Thorn and Poznan. Poland is wiped off the map.

1794

Promulgation of the Prussian Legal Code, the Allgemeines Landrecht.

1795

A secret treaty between Prussia and the French revolutionary government in Basel recognizes the presence of French troops on the left bank of the Rhine and Prussian sovereignty North of the Main and Neckar rivers.

Third Partition of Poland: territory near Warsaw and as far as Nieman pass over to Poland.

Kant writes Towards Perpetual Peace.

1796

February: Hippel dies.

1797

Friedrich Wilhelm III becomes the new Prussian King.

1802

By this date, nearly 3000 separate pieces have been written on Kant's life and work.

1804

February 4: Immanuel Kant dies and is buried in the Dom.

December 2: Napoleon, the newly crowned French emperor, defeats the Austro-Russian coalition at the Battle of Austerlitz.

J. G. Fichte briefly replaces Kant at the University of Königsberg.

1806

Prussia annexes Hannover.

England declares war on Prussia. France and Prussia become allies through a secret treaty; but Friedrich Wilhelm III soons reneges on it, demanding the retreat of French troops on the Rhine and the dissolution of the French satellite, the Confederation of the Rhine.

The Prussian Army is badly beaten in October at Jena by Napoleon.

Napoleon abolishes the Holy Roman Empire.

1807

After defeating the Russians at Eylau and Friedland, Napoleon's troops enter Königsberg as victors, proposing an armistice with Tsar Alexander:

In the Treaty of Tilsit. Prussia loses Poznan and all territories west of the Elbe and the territories acquired through the second and third partititons of Poland, leaving it only Silesia, Pomerania, Brandenbourg and Prussia.

Dantzig becomes an independent republic, protected by a French garrisson.

Beginning the period of Prussian Reform, Freiherr von Stein, arriving in the provisional Prussian capital, Königsberg, signs the decree abolishing serfdom.

1808

January: Friedrich Wilhelm III and his family establish residence in Königsberg, which become the de facto capital of Prussia during the period of French hegemony in Europe. He remains until December 1809.

April: The Tügelband, a civic organization designed to prevent Germans from collaborating with the French occupiers, was formed in Königsberg. 1812

The Grand Army crosses the Nieman.

December: General York von Wartenberg, the commander of the Prussian contingent allied with Napoleon's troops in his war against Russia, signs the "Convention of Tauroggen" with the Russians, neutralizing its force and preparing it to switch sides.

1813

February 5: General York addresses the Prussian estates gathered in Königsberg, appealing in the king's name for the liberation of the nation.

March: Prussia declares war on France. The King issues the "An mein Volk" appeal from Breslau: "Brandenbourgers, Prussians, Silesians, Pomeranians, Lithuanians! You know what fate awaits you if we do not bring to a happy end the struggle which is beginning." It was largely written by the Königsberg citizen, Theodor Gottleib von Hippel.

1814

Prussians participate in the coalition army that enters Paris.

1815

90,000 Prussian troops, under Blücher's leadership, fight Napoleon at Waterloo. The Congress system, inaugurated by the Treaty of Paris, recongizes a Europe dominated by five powers: defeated France alongside Great Britain, Austria, Russia and Prussia.

When the Congress of Vienna closes, Prussia grows to 280,000 square kilometers, having reacquired Poznan and gaining Northern Saxony, Westphalia, and the Rhinleland as far as Saarbrücken.

Prussia is preoccupied both by the dispersed and fragmented quality of its territories, and by its uneasy relationship with Austria, whose conservatism it shares even as it seeks to rival its power in the German lands.

At the same time, Metternich, the Austrian minister, organizes 39 states into the German Confederation. Only a portion of Prussian and Austrian territories belong to the Confederation.

In September, Protestant Prussia joins Catholic Austria and Orthodox Russia in the creation of the conservative Holy Alliance.

1825 - 1828

The Prussian state builds over 1,000 miles of roads, including the highway connecting Berlin to Königsberg.

1833

Prussia participates in the foundation of the Zollverein.

1840

Friedrich Wilhelm IV becomes Prussia's new king.

1843

Construction of modern fortifications of Königsberg begins.

1847

The Prussian state takes over from a private corporation the task of building the Eastern Railways, which would connect Berlin to Königsberg. The United Landtag's refusal to approve the loan, requested by the King, required to finance the construction temporarily ends the project and foreshadows the impending constitutional conflict.

1848

March: Revolution in Berlin. A National Assembly for Prussia gathers in Berlin, at the same time that representatives from throughout the German Confederation gather at the Paulskirtche in Frankfurt.

December 5: After having dissolved the National Assembly, King Friedrich Wilhelm IV proclaims a Constitution (known as the Oktroyierte Verfassung).

1850

Treaty of Olmütz (also known as the "Olmütz Disgrace"): Yiedling to Austrian demands, Prussia renounces its policy of union with Germany.

1853

First section of the Eastern Railways completed.

1857

The completion of the Eastern Railway bridges over Vistula at Dischau and over the Nogat at Marienburg makes it possible to reach Königsberg by train from Berlin (though only indirectly, via a detour through Stettin to Kreuz Junction).

1858

Friedrich Wilhelm IV goes mad. The regency is granted to his brother, Wilhelm. The Beginning of the "New Era".

1861

October 18: Wilhelm IV is crowned in Königsberg, the second royal coronation the city has hosted since 1701. 1862

In the midst of intense constitutional conflict, King Wilhelm names Otto von Bismarck Chancellor.

1864

Prussia defeats Denmark over Schleswig-Holstein: Bismarck's first step in the unification of Germany.

1866

Prussia fights Austria for supremacy in Germany, defeating at Sadowa/Königgratz. Austria ceases to be involved in the process of German unification.

Prussia acquires Hanover, Kurhessen, Nassau and Frankfurt-am-Main.

The "North German Confederation" is proclaimed.

1867

The direct line from Berlin to Königsberg on the Eastern Railways is opened.

1871

January 18: Following the defeat of France, Wilhelm IV "accepts" the imperial crown in a ceremony at Versailles, becoming Kaiser Wilhelm I. The day of his crowning was chosen to commemorate the crowning of Friedrich I in Königsberg. "With the birth of the German Reich in 1871, the signifiance of Königsberg appeared ambiguous." (Du Castel, p. 50)

Though constituted of 25 states and 3 free cities, Prussia occupies a disproportiante place in the new Reich, especially since Austria was excluded from the new state: out of 41 million Germans, 25 million are Prussians; the new emperor also holds the title of Prussian king, while the chancellor also serves as the Prussian president of the council.

1880

Kant's remains are moved from the Dom to the neo-Gothic chapel near its north-eastern corner.

1888

Wilhelm II becomes Emperor.

1890

Bismarck is dismissed from office by Wilhelm II.

1901

A restoration of the Königsberg Dom begins, designed to recover its 15th century aperance. The restoration ends in 1907.

1905

Modern fortifications of Königsberg completed.

1914

Outbreak of the First World War. Under General Samsonov, Russian troops launch a two-pronged offensive against Eastern Prussia from the East and the South. The German Generals, Paul von Hindenburg and Erich Ludendorff succeeded in defeating the first Russian force at Tannenburg on August 27 - 29, forcing the other army to retreat in disorder through the Masurian lakes. The German troops then headed in the direction of Warsaw, helping the Austrians retrieve Galicia, which they had last at the outset. The front stabilizes over the winter.

The architect Friedrich Lahrs begins the construction of a new Kant memorial.

1918

March 3: The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk brings a "separate peace" between Germany and Soviet Russia; the latter cedes to the former claims over Poland, Lithuania, Courland, Livonia and Estonia, and recognizes the formally independent Ukraine as a German satellite.

November 9: Following a naval mutiny in Kiel, Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicates. The monarchy comes to an end in Germany. Prussia becomes a free, Republican state.

November 11: Germany accepts an armistice. Article 11 of the armistice convention stipulates that the Baltic territories will be evacuated at the Allies' discretion. The Baltic states tend to prefer the vanquished Germans to the "Bolsheviks."

December: The newly constituted government of Latvia allows the German general von der Goltz to establish a volunteer army to repress Bolshevik uprisings in the Baltic States; in May 1919, his forces fought Soviet armies directly. August Winning, a member of the Social-Democratic Party (SPD) (and later Hitler's Reich commissar for East Prussia) draws on his connections to these forces to prevent the sailors of Pillau and the soldiers of Königsberg from establishing workers councils, as elsewhere in Germany.

1919

February 6: The Weimar Constitution is ratified [check], and Friedrich Ebert becomes President.

June 20: The Treaty of Versailles is signed.

- East Prussia is henceforth isolated from the remainder of Weimar Germany. There are three main problems:

- A plebescite in the East and the South: according to Article 95, Mazuria was given the right to self-determination, to choose whether it would be Polish or Russian.

- the Dantzig corridor: after having been Polish, then Prussian after 1793, independent after 1807, and Prussian/German after 1815, Dantzig, a city that was 96% German, is made a "free city" under the administration of the League of Nations, thus separating East Prussia from the rest of Germany. The historian Jacques Bainville writes in 1920: "Regardez cette carte parlante: Accroupie au milieu de l'Europe, l'Allemagne n'a qu'une griffe à étendre pour réunir de nouveau l'ilot Königsberg. Dans ce signe, les prochains malheurs de la Pologe et de l'Europe sont écrits."

- the Memel/Klaïpeda territory in the North. This formerly Prussian territory is also separated from East Prussia, and established as a state under League of Nations administration. The port city is primarily German, while the surrounding countryside is mainly Lithuanian.

- Article 433 stipulates that Germany must fully evacuate the Baltic States. Von der Goltz hands his troops over the to command of a White Russian. Faced with an Allied ultimatum, the German volunteers are required to disarm and return to East Prussia.

C. Göderler becomes mayor of Königsberg. His ten-year term in office is marked by attempts to open the town up to neighboring countries and to modernize the urban infrastructure, including the development of the port, the building of a central train station connecting the southern and western stations, constructing an international airport (at what is today Khrabrovo, 30 km from the town) and the material needed for a new Eastern Fair. The latter brings together economic representatives from the Soviet Union, Poland and Scandinavia (biannually until 1928, annually from then until 1936).

1920

Otto Braun becomes Prime Minister of Prussia. In a plebescite organized by the League of Nations, Mazuria votes to remain part of Germany. 1923

February: In partial response to the Polish siezure of Vilnius/Wilno in October 1920, Lithuania seizes Memel/Klaïpeda from the international garrison ruling it.

1924

Königsberg celebrates the 200th anniversay of Kant's birth. Lahrs completes the new Kant memorial.

1927

Eric Mendelsohn, the most prominent Jewish representative of Neues Bauen, the archicteture movement close to Bauhaus and the Neue Sachlichheit movement, builds a Jewish cemetary in Königsberg.

1932

July 20: The Reich government, led by Chancellor von Papen, deposes Otto Braun as Prussia's Prime Minister in an anti-Prussian coup.

1933

January: Hitler becomes Chancellor.

1935

December 1: Allan Stewart Konigsberg is born in the Bronx, New York to Martin and Netti Kongisberg.

1938

October: German Foreign Minister von Ribbentrop proposes an overall settlement to the Danzig problem to the Polish government; this proposal is ultimately rejected.

1939

March: Spurred on by the local Nazi party, Germans in the Memel territory revolt against Lithuania. Germany demands that Lithuania return the land to it. Troops in the region of Königsberg are placed in state of alert. Lithuania is left with little choice but to capitulate, and Memel is returned to German sovereignty.

1944

July 20: Hitler narrowly escapes an assassination attempt when a bomb explodes in his headquarters in Rastenberg (today, Ketrzyn) in East Prussia. Members of the East Prussian aristocracy, led by Colonel von Stauffeberg, and including former Königsberg mayor Görderler, play a principal role in the assassination attempt.

The authority of the party in Königsberg is increased; relations between party Gauleiter Koch and the military command deteriorate.

August/September: The British Royal Air Force begins bombardments of Eastern Prussia.

August 26-27: 200 British planes destroy 5% of Königsberg's buildings; a thousand are killed, and ten times as many are left homeless.

Night of August 30: 660 planes bomb the town center: around 2,400 die and 150,000 are left homeless. The interior of the Dom is burned. Most of the roof, as well as the north tower, is destroyed.

October: Memel falls to the Russians. General Otto Lasch appointed to lead German forces in Königsberg.

1945

January 13: The 2nd Bielorussian Front initiaties the Soviet assault on East Prussia. According to General Lasch estimated that he had 35,000 troops (4 divisions plus the Volkssturm) against 2,500,000 (30 divisions) Soviet troops.

January 20: The tombs of Marshal von Hindenberg and his wife are removed from the Tannenberg monument and transported west to Marburg for safety.

January 22: The last train to the Reich leaves Königsberg.

January 26: General Volski's tanks reach the Baltic, just north of Ebling.

In Königsberg, S.S. trops lead out a group of 7,000 Jewish concentration camp prisoners, relocated from Poland in the wake of Soviet advances, forcing them to march to the coastal town of Palmnicken. Several thousand die along the two day march. The rest are executed along the beach a few days later.

January 27: Gauleiter Koch orders the civilian population to evacuate Köngisberg. Half a million civilians attempt to reach the coast.

January 28: The Soviet Army reaches the outskirts of the city. Gauleiter Koch abandons Königsberg, ceding powers to Kreistleiter Wagner and the mayor, Dr. Will. At night, the Soviets encircle the city.

February 5: Kreistleiter Wagner tells the Volkssturm: "Annihilate the Bolsheviks, whereever you can. Make a mass grave of their path to Königsberg ... Death to the Bolsheviks."

February 19: A successful German counter-offensive secures the road and railroad line along the coast of the Frisches Haff.

April 6: Beginning of Soviet assault on Königsberg.

April 8: The Nazi party calls for a counter-offensive, which fails.

April 9: Lasch decides to request an armistice. Fall of Königsberg to the Red Army.

April 10 - 11: The garrison allegedly resists to the last man. The city is pillaged. German soldiers are taken to Stablack camp, near Eylau. At the time of its fall, Königsberg's population is estimated (by Otto Lasch) to be around 170,000: between 110 and 120,000 civilians, 15,000 prisonners and forced laborers of foreign nationality, 32,000 Wehrmacht soldiers and 8,000 Volksturm.

Some of the remaining German inhabitants are forced by the Soviets on "Propaganda Marches" in the neighboring areas. Though the German community is not allowed to organize itself formally, it finds an unofficial representative in Professor Hugo Linck.

July 17 - August 2: Potsdam Conference: The U.S. and Great Britain agree "in principle" to the transferal of Königsberg and "adjacent areas" to the Soviet Union. The remainder of Prussia is given to Poland, with the exception of the Memel region, which is ceded to the new Soviet republic of Lithuania.

October: The Soviet Union formally annexes what at the time is called the "Kenigsbergskaja oblast."

1946

June 3: Mikhail Kalinin, the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet, dies.

July: Königsberg is renamed Kaliningrad in honor of Kalinin.

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This article already exists in Wikipedia. You can find it at Kaliningrad#History.Jackaranga 00:48, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

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Klahanie is a 900-acre master planned community located on the Sammamish Plateau in Issaquah, Washington. Klahanie opened in May 1985, and upon completion in 1998 now has over 3,200 living units including apartments, condominiums, and single family homes. Currently, more than 3,000 families call Klahanie home. Each homeowner is automatically a voting member of the Klahanie Association. With a total of 900 acres, the Association owns approximately 300 acres of common property, which include many small parks and a large play area, two pools, one of which is covered by a bubble during the winter months for year round swimming, 25+ miles of trails connecting the various divisions and several basketball and tennis courts. Klahanie Association dues are $500 per year, and are paid quarterly on the first day of each quarter. According to Klahanie’s by-laws, all residents are responsible for making timely payments. Payment schedules are published online and in each newsletter for our residents’ convenience. Under Klahanie’s Covenants and Architectural Guidelines (ACC), all homeowners are required to submit plans for anything done to change the outward appearance of their property. They are also required to comply with all other rules regarding homeowner property management and use.Klahanie offers its residents many community treasures including parks, trails, swimming pools, lakes, public schools, and a shopping center. Klahanie has over 300 acres of common open space. Klahanie has two full size pools that are open between Memorial Day and Labor Day each summer. Klahanie is also home to a shopping center multipule parks and two issaquah school district schools

[edit] Sources

http://www.klahanie.com/index.asp

71.231.193.241 16:19, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

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Drummau Arabesque is a british warmblood. She is the best horse in the world! She has competed in dressage and cross-country. She loves going hunting and hacking with her friends!

[edit] Sources

german race horses (her grandfather)

81.145.242.36 16:27, 12 May 2007 (UTC)
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[edit] Sources

86.155.212.103 17:25, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Mary Litogot (O'Hern) Ford (or Mary Litogot O'Hern) (c. January 5, 1839 – August 20, 1876) was the mother of Ford Motor Company founder Henry Ford, also was an Belgian-American.

Born in Belgium on January 5th 1839. She married William Ford in 1850, they had 5 children including Henry, Margaret, Jane, Robert and William Ford.

Mary Litogot died on August 20th 1876 in Ardboe, County Tyrone in Ireland they same place where her husband William had died.

[edit] See Also

• Ford family
• Ford family tree
• Henry Ford
• List of Belgian Americans

Ford, Mary Litogot Ford, Mary Litogot Ford, Mary Litogot

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• Family ties do not confer notability, also you must include at least one valid source, and please sign your submission at the end.Jackaranga 00:53, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

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a pythagorean right triangle was discoved at what appears to be a ancient celtic site near lake talquin,florida.it is located at 30:30;30 degrees latitude and 84:33:30 longitude.its measurements are derived from the suns shadow on dec 21 at high noon which is 12:37 eastern time.a nearby sun compass was restored and the post is 2 and 3/4 feet above ground which gives a 4 foot shadow.amazingly it appears to point at the giza pyramid complex in egypt.in robin heath,s book stonehenge,he believes stonehenge was part of a giant right triangle that also points at giza.the only difference besides size is that the one in england is 2/3 for a 5/12 triangle 209.244.7.226 18:30, 12 May 2007 (UTC)and the one in florida is a 3/2 for a 5/12 triangle.

[edit] Sources

robin heath[stonehenge]isbn 0-8027-1385-8

209.244.7.226 18:30, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Declined. Your article appears to be a joke. It might be a wonderful entry in Uncyclopedia, a wiki where jokes and parodies are highly encouraged. But sadly, Wikipedia requires a stodgier, more factual tone in its articles, and your comedic efforts cannot be rewarded here. Jackaranga 00:57, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

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Ring India is a Network of Individual third party International Call Centers in Asia Pacific with its affiliates throughout India, Philippines, Mauritius, Singapore, Hong Kong and Malaysia. With its Headquarters in New Delhi, India. We offer customized voice and web based services to our clients, throughout US, Europe and Australia. We specialize in for pay per performance based Inbound and Outbound Telemarketing Services. Our value added services include Help Desk, Sale Lead generation, Billing Services, Technical Support, Product Inquiry, Order Processing, Up-Selling / Cross-Selling, Market Surveys & Research, Database Management Services, Data Entry, Email Marketing campaigns and Fax Broad Casting.

Ringindia is a Delhi based Indian call centre which uses the best technology from marketing and IT fields of call centre industry in India. Ringindia also works for software development and crm based solutions with consulting our It consultancy who are concerned with our call center management.

Ring India has its headquarter in New Delhi. It's infrastructure & location is suitable as it's near to the most of its competitors & that's why able to keep track of the strategy of the competitors & can plan their strategy according to it. It is the leading area throughout India in terms of internet connectivity and power, proximity to key amenities, talent availability, quality of employee, costs, state receptivity and law and order.

Ringindia active interaction with e-business professionals of various fields of our concern. Our advisory panel has been most thoughtfully and precisely famed. The members are experienced Professionals in various fields, which can help us manage and continuously upgrade our set up.

Board of Directors We have illustrious technocrats and industrialists on our board.

Manohar Jaswani Chairman Ambecco Textiles, brings over 25 years of experience in various roles, including information services, international marketing training and research.

Tarun Jaswani, An electronics and telecommunication engineering graduate. He has worked with premier Indian MNC's like BPL, TATA and IIS Infotech Ltd. He has a decade of experience in Software Development.

Declined. We're sorry, but your article appears to read more like an advertisement than an entry in an encyclopedia. If you still feel that this subject is appropriate for Wikipedia, please rewrite your proposed article in the form of an encyclopedia entry, not an advertisement. Encyclopedia entries should be written from a neutral point of view, and should refer to a range of published, verifiable sources, not just to materials produced by the creator of the item being discussed. Notinasnaid 14:39, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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I have a Cornea Technologies TFT LCD Monitor I purchased in 2003 and I am unable to locate nay information on the company or anything else about them. I now find myself in need of a specific power supply for the aforementioned monitor and connot find it anywhere. It is a 12v 3.5a power supply that does not seem to exist anymore. Is there any information out there about this compamy or any other company that may solve my problem?

Brian L Hickey bhickey1@tampabay.rr.com

[edit] Sources

72.187.56.16 19:34, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

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globalCOAL is an online coal exchange for trading in physical and financial coal products. Members include the key coal producers, traders and consumers in the world. globalCOAL has also developed the Standard Coal Trading Agreement (SCoTA) which is now the coal industry's standard contract for trading in commoditised physical coal products.

[edit] Sources

http://www.globalcoal.com

217.44.170.13 19:42, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

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• Not a third party source.Jackaranga 01:00, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

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Marco Giangrande is a "emo" "punk" guy is has won the Lake in the Hills skating contest with 3rd place. He goes to Bernotas Middle School, his band is called the fallen, but were originally Against All Odds. He is a fair student, he is very funny, and very stupid. He does stupid crap with his friends alot and only lives a door down from is cousin, Danny.

[edit] Sources

<http://www.d47schools.com>. 
<http://www.northwestherald.com>.

Declined. This suggestion doesn't sufficiently explain the importance or significance of the subject. See the speedy deletion criteria A7 and/or guidelines on biographies. Please provide more information on why the person or group is worthy of inclusion in an encyclopedia. Thank you. Notinasnaid 14:37, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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Troy Yang (1990-) is a current student in the IB program at Mira Loma High School. His contributions to the History department at Mira Loma High School have been tremendous. A yearly competitor in the National History Day competition, he has produced several award winning documentaries. In the 2006-07 competition, his Group Documentary took 4th place in California State Finals.

Yang is also an award winning writer. In his younger years, he won 1st place at the Elk Grove Library Short Story Writing Competition. His skill at writing has also been put to use in his later years. As an attorney in Sacramento Youth Court, he wrote and argued his own appellant cases.

Yang has been playing viola for a short time, about 3 years. However, his skill at playing far surpasses his years. He plays viola in the Premiere Orchestra for the Sacramento Youth Symphony, and has applied for the ACE program at Sacramento State University.

Yang will be traveling to Russia over the summer of 2007 to go on tour with the Premiere Orchestra. He will also be on the Advisory Board for Society for the Blind, and he is currently a reader for the Society.

[edit] Sources

http://www.nationalhistoryday.org/ http://www.saccourt.ca.gov/geninfo/youth_court/youth_court.asp http://www.sacys.org/

75.32.76.141 20:53, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Declined. This suggestion doesn't sufficiently explain the importance or significance of the subject. See the speedy deletion criteria A7 and/or guidelines on biographies. Please provide more information on why the person or group is worthy of inclusion in an encyclopedia. Thank you. Notinasnaid 14:36, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

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Edwina Brooke-Petit, daughter of Senator Edward W. Brooke the first African American Senator,is the owner of The Brooke-Petit Group commercial and resdential real estate company. Wife of Michel Petit the son of deceased St. Martin mayor Doctor Hubert Petit. Noted for being the most succesfull boston power broker. Owner of The historic Edan by Charles Bulfinch at 22 Beacon Street Boston home of Fox 25 Studio. other properties listed include Cove Beach resort Anguilla, Exclusivity Anguilla, Historic Dreamland Theater Nantucket, , Le West Indies St. Martin,

http://www.Brooke-petitgroup.com http://www.Brooke-petit.com

Brooke-petitgroup.com Brooke-petit.com

Declined. This suggestion doesn't sufficiently explain the importance or significance of the subject. See the speedy deletion criteria A7 and/or guidelines on biographies. Please provide more information on why the person or group is worthy of inclusion in an encyclopedia. Thank you.Jackaranga 01:03, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

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In 1989, Makoto Yamaguchi started to show off different origami pieces. Soon, this gallery came to be one of the most widely known origami gallery's in the world. The gallery features works from great masters, such as KAMIYA Satoshi and HOJYO Takashi, as well as works from newer folders, such as KAMIYA Ryo. Only the best of origami models are exhibited in this gallery.

[edit] Sources

Origami House

Japanese Origami Academic Society

Thekhans Origami Forum

KAMIYA Satoshi's Website

Joseph Wu's website

HOJYO Takashi's website

142.177.234.200 21:13, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Declined. This article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. Please see tips on how to better format your article.

• Your article should start off something like "Gallery Origamy house is ... located in ... since... It is known for ...". Don't hesitate to ask for help if you have any questions, you can ask me on my talk page.Jackaranga 01:06, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

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[edit] Sources

142.167.145.16 21:38, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Cenral Kings Rural High School

Central Kings Rural High School is located in Cambridge, Kings County. Nova Scotia, Canada. It contains grade 7-12.

There are around 830 students at the school.

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Helga Ekdahl was born in Lund, Sweden 1979 and started out as a radio DJ and producer for the English radio station Power FM. She later studied a MA in International Juornalism, and shortly worked for the BBC but decided that her passion was in music. She then took up PR and wokred closely with Nik Moore and Roland Hymes at Work Hard PR, with bands such as Motörhead, DIO, Sepultura, Saxon, Helloween, Skidrow etc. In the summer of 2006 she decided to join Bad Moon Publicty/Anton Brooks and Paddy Davis. Roster included Foo Fighetrs, Artic Monkeys, Mars Volta, Kaiser Cheifs, Beastie Boys, Jaz Coleman, Panic at the Disco! Bullet for my Valentine etc.

[edit] Sources

www.powerfmradio.com, www.workhardpr.com

83.254.147.14 22:52, 12 May 2007 (UTC)
Declined. This suggestion doesn't sufficiently explain the importance or significance of the subject. See the speedy deletion criteria A7 and/or guidelines on musical artists. Please provide more information on why this musical artist is worthy of inclusion in an encyclopedia. Thank you.Jackaranga 01:10, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

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Image:Http://www.culturedrift.com/websites/culturedrift/Local images folder/Marilyn-front.jpg Who Killed Marilyn? was an EP that released in 1979 whose title track was based on the death of Marilyn Monroe.

Bold textTRACK LISTINGBold text

1.Who Killed Marilyn?(Danzig) 2.Where Eagles Dare(Danzig) 3.Horror Business(Danzig) 4.Teenagers From Mars(Danzig) 5.Children In Heat(Danzig)

[edit] Sources

http://misfitscentral.com/misfits/discog.php

71.61.151.68 23:45, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Declined. This article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. Please see tips on how to better format your article.Jackaranga 01:11, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

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Leko Kenny died May 11, 2007 in Franconia New Hampshire along the Easton road. He was shot by a witness who saw him driving on the McKenzie's front lawn. Leko was shot by Gregory Floyd, a Vietnam veteran, and a resident of the town Easton. Floyd witnessed Kenny after he shot local town police Cpl. Bruce McKay. The shooting was fueled by an ongoing argument between Kenny and McKay that can traced back to McKay's charge of assault on Kenny in 2003. The argument between the two started on the Easton road between Franconia and Easton when Kenny was pulled over by Officer McKay for a routine speeding violation. Kenny was angered by this traffic stop and got back in his vehicle and continued down the road to his house. McKay sped pass Kenny and blocked the road with his police cruiser with the intention to stop Kenny, he pushed his car off the road with his police cruiser. When Kenny got out of his car, McKay sprayed him with mace and Pulled his gun with the intention to threaten Kenny to get back in his car. Kenny in return pulled his gun from his car and shot officer McKay in the back 4 times before running him over with his car. Gregory Floyd, a witness, ran to the police cruisor and notified police through radio. Floyd picked up McKay's gun and shot Kenny, killing him. The New Hampshire Attorney General decided that Floyd's Actions were justified.

[edit] Sources

http://www.cnn.com/2007/US/05/12/officer.shot.ap/index.html The Associated Press The Boston Globe: boston.com WMUR Channel Nine Manchester NH: WMUR.com

                                                                   -->

216.107.224.93 23:53, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Declined. This suggestion doesn't sufficiently explain the importance or significance of the subject. See the speedy deletion criteria A7 and/or guidelines on biographies. Please provide more information on why the person or group is worthy of inclusion in an encyclopedia. Thank you.Jackaranga 01:13, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

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National Power Training Institute (NPTI) is an apex body setup the Ministry of Power , Government of India for training the manpower of the power sector of India. It trains people for technical expertise and managerial expertise. It has nine units located at various location ( Fraidabad headquarter, Badarpur, Banglore, Durgapur, Nagpur, Nayveli, guwhati ). It has 500 MW CCGT simulator at its headquarter at Fraidabad. It conducts program at International level also.

It produces highly competitive power engineers, PG diploma and most notably Its power managers (MBA Power Management)to tackle the requirements of changing and evolving power sector of the India

[edit] Sources

http://powermin.nic.in/JSP_SERVLETS/internal.jsp http://powermin.nic.in/training/national_power_training.htm http://www.npti.nic.in/mainpage.html http://www.npti.nic.in/npti_2.html 210.212.107.50 23:56, 12 May 2007 (UTC)

Declined. We're sorry, but your article appears to read more like an advertisement than an entry in an encyclopedia. If you still feel that this subject is appropriate for Wikipedia, please rewrite your proposed article in the form of an encyclopedia entry, not an advertisement. Encyclopedia entries should be written from a neutral point of view, and should refer to a range of published, verifiable sources, not just to materials produced by the creator of the item being discussed. Notinasnaid 14:31, 13 May 2007 (UTC)