Artery of Adamkiewicz

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Artery: Artery of Adamkiewicz
Latin rami spinales arteriae vertebralis
Supplies lumbar enlargement of lower spinal cord[1]
Source abdominal aorta, vertebral artery   
Branches anterior spinal artery[2]
Dorlands
/ Elsevier    		 r_02/12692029

In human anatomy, the Artery of Adamkiewicz is the largest anterior segmental medullary artery.

It has several other names, including Adamkiewicz artery, major anterior segmental medullary artery, artery of the lumbar enlargement,[3] great radicular artery of Adamkiewicz,[4] great anterior radiculomedullary artery[5] and great anterior segmental medullary artery.[6]

It typically arises from a left posterior intercostal artery, which branches from the aorta, and supplies the lower two thirds of the spinal cord via the anterior spinal artery.[7]

Contents

[edit] Anatomical variation

In a study of approximately 70 people that examined the spinal cord's blood supply it was found that[7]:

  1. The Adamkiewicz artery sometimes arises from a lumbar vessel.
  2. In approximately 30% of people it arises from the right side.
  3. One quarter of people have two large anterior segmental medullary arteries.

[edit] Clinical significance

When damaged or obstructed, it can result in anterior spinal artery syndrome,[8] with loss of urinary and fecal continence and impaired motor function of the legs; sensory function is often preserved to a degree.

It can be important to identify the location of the artery when treating an abdominal aortic aneurysm.[9] Its location can be identified with computed tomographic angiography.[10]

[edit] Eponym

It is named for Albert Wojciech Adamkiewicz.[11][12][13]

[edit] References

  1. ^ Milen MT, Bloom DA, Culligan J, Murasko K (1999). "Albert Adamkiewicz (1850-1921)--his artery and its significance for the retroperitoneal surgeon". World journal of urology 17 (3): 168–70. doi:10.1007/s003450050126. PMID 10418091. 
  2. ^ Koshino T, Murakami G, Morishita K, Mawatari T, Abe T (1999). "Does the Adamkiewicz artery originate from the larger segmental arteries?". J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 117 (5): 898–905. PMID 10220681. 
  3. ^ Biondi A, Ricciardi GK, Faillot T, Capelle L, Van Effenterre R, Chiras J (2005). "Hemangioblastomas of the lower spinal region: report of four cases with preoperative embolization and review of the literature". AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology 26 (4): 936–45. PMID 15814949. 
  4. ^ Luyendijk W, Cohn B, Rejger V, Vielvoye GJ (1988). "The great radicular artery of Adamkiewicz in man. Demonstration of a possibility to predict its functional territory". Acta neurochirurgica 95 (3-4): 143–6. PMID 3228004. 
  5. ^ Nijenhuis RJ, Mull M, Wilmink JT, Thron AK, Backes WH (2006). "MR angiography of the great anterior radiculomedullary artery (Adamkiewicz artery) validated by digital subtraction angiography". AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology 27 (7): 1565–72. PMID 16908582. 
  6. ^ Blood Supply to the Spinal Cord -- Greathouse et al. 81 (6): 1264 -- Physical Therapy. Retrieved on 2007-09-29.
  7. ^ a b Takase K, Sawamura Y, Igarashi K, Chiba Y, Haga K, Saito H, Takahashi S. Demonstration of the artery of Adamkiewicz at multi- detector row helical CT. Radiology. 2002 Apr;223(1):39-45. PMID 11930046. Full Text.
  8. ^ Wan IY, Angelini GD, Bryan AJ, Ryder I, Underwood MJ. Prevention of spinal cord ischaemia during descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic surgery. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2001 Feb;19(2):203-13. PMID 11167113.
  9. ^ Yoshioka K, Niinuma H, Ohira A, Nasu K, Kawakami T, Sasaki M, Kawazoe K. MR angiography and CT angiography of the artery of Adamkiewicz: noninvasive preoperative assessment of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm. Radiographics. 2003 Sep-Oct;23(5):1215-25. PMID 12975511 Full Text
  10. ^ Nojiri J, Matsumoto K, Kato A, et al (2007). "The Adamkiewicz artery: demonstration by intra-arterial computed tomographic angiography". European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery 31 (2): 249–55. doi:10.1016/j.ejcts.2006.11.024. PMID 17182250. 
  11. ^ Adamkiewicz AA. Die Blutgefässe des Menslichen Ruckenmarkes, II: Die Gefässe der Rückenmarksoberfläche. S B Heidelberg Akad Wiss.1882; 85:101–130.
  12. ^ synd/2233 at Who Named It
  13. ^ Kowalczyk J (2002). "Albert Wojciech Adamkiewicz and his artery". S. Afr. Med. J. 92 (9): 702. PMID 12382351. 

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