Aristobulus IV

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Aristobulus IV (31 BCE-7 BCE) was a prince of Judea from the Herodian dynasty, and was married to his cousin, Berenice, daughter of Costobar and Salome. He was the son of Herod the Great and his second wife, Mariamne I, the last of the Hasmoneans, and was thus a descendant of the Hasmonean Dynasty.

Aristobulus lived most of his life outside of Judea, having been sent at age 12 along with his brother Alexandros to be educated at the Imperial court of Rome in 20 BCE, in the household of Augustus himself. Aristobulus was only 3 when his paternal aunt Salome contrived to have his mother executed for adultery. When the attractive young brothers returned to Jerusalem in 12 BCE, the populace received them enthusiastically. That, along with their perceived imperious manner, picked up after having lived much of their lives at the very heart of Roman imperial power, often offended Herod. They also attracted the jealousy of their older half-brother, Antipater III, who deftly incited the aging king's anger with rumors of his favored sons' disloyalty. After many failed attempts at reconciliation between the king and his designated heirs, the ailing Herod had Aristobulus and Alexandros strangled on charges of treason in 7 BCE, and raised Antipater to the rank of his co-regent and heir apparent.

Herod, however, retained his affection for Aristobulus' children, three of whom, Agrippa I, Herod III and Herodias, lived to play important roles in the next generation of Jewish rulers.