Archery at the Summer Olympics

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Archery

Archery had its debut at the 1900 Summer Olympics and has been contested in 13 Olympiads. Eighty three different nations have appeared in the Olympic archery competitions, with France appearing the most often at 11 times. It is governed by the International Archery Federation. Recurve archery is the only discipline of archery featured at the Olympic Games.

Contents

[edit] History

The second Olympic games, Paris 1900, saw the first appearance of archery. 7 disciplines in varying distances were contested. The next Olympiad, St. Louis 1904, had 5 archery events but no athletes from outside the United States competed. At the 1908 Summer Olympics, there were 3 archery events. Archery was not featured at the 1912 Summer Olympics but reappeared in the 1920 Summer Olympics.

Between 1920 and 1972, archery was not contested at the Olympic games. The archery competition that was featured at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich consisted of a double FITA Round competition with two events - men's individual and women's individual. This form of the archery competition was held until the 1988 Summer Olympics, when team competition was added and the Grand FITA Round format was used. Starting at the 1992 Summer Olympics, the Olympic Round with head-to-head matches was adopted, and has been used ever since.

[edit] Medal tables

[edit] From 1972

1972 marked the beginning of the modern archery competition at the Olympic Games. The events began to use standardized forms and many nations competed.

 Rank  Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total
1 South Korea South Korea 14 7 4 25
2 United States United States 8 3 2 13
3 Soviet Union Soviet Union 1 3 3 7
4 Italy Italy 1 1 3 5
5 Finland Finland 1 1 2 4
6 Australia Australia 1 0 1 2
7 France France 1 0 0 1
Spain Spain 1 0 0 1
9 China China 0 4 0 4
10 Japan Japan 0 2 1 3
11 Poland Poland 0 2 0 2
Sweden Sweden 0 2 0 2
13 Ukraine Ukraine 0 1 2 3
14 Chinese Taipei Chinese Taipei 0 1 1 2
Germany Germany 0 1 1 2
16 Indonesia Indonesia 0 1 0 1
17 Great Britain Great Britain 0 0 4 4
18 Unified Team Unified Team 0 0 2 2
19 Netherlands Netherlands 0 0 1 1

[edit] All years

This table includes archery competitions in 1900, 1904, 1908, and 1920 in addition to the ones from 1972 on, which are shown above. These four years preceded the modern, standardized archery competition under the rules of the International Archery Federation and were contested by three nations at most. In one year (1904), only the United States competed. Other nations that competed during that period were France, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Great Britain.

 Rank  Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total
1 United States United States 14 9 8 31
2 South Korea South Korea 14 7 4 25
3 Belgium Belgium 11 5 4 20
4 France France 6 10 6 22
5 Great Britain Great Britain 2 2 5 9
6 Soviet Union Soviet Union 1 3 3 7
7 Italy Italy 1 1 3 5
8 Finland Finland 1 1 2 4
9 Australia Australia 1 0 1 2
Netherlands Netherlands 1 0 1 2
11 Spain Spain 1 0 0 1
12 China China 0 4 0 4
13 Japan Japan 0 2 1 3
14 Poland Poland 0 2 0 2
14 Sweden Sweden 0 2 0 2
16 Ukraine Ukraine 0 1 2 3
17 Chinese Taipei Chinese Taipei 0 1 1 2
Germany Germany 0 1 1 2
19 Indonesia Indonesia 0 1 0 1
20 Unified Team Unified Team 0 0 2 2

[edit] Qualification

Qualification spots in archery are allotted to National Olympic Committees rather than to individual athletes.

There were four ways for NOCs to earn berths in Olympic archery. No NOC is allowed to enter more than three archers of each gender. For each gender, the host nation is guaranteed three spots. The most recent World Target Competition's top 8 teams (besides the host nation) each receive three spots, and the 19 highest ranked archers after the team qualifiers are removed also earn spots for their country. 15 of the remaining 18 spots are divided equally among the five Olympic continents for allocation in continental tournaments. The last three spots in each gender are determined by the Tripartite Commission invitation.

Each NOC that receives three places for individual archers (i.e., the host nation, the top 8 teams at the World Target Competition, and any other nation that is able to take 3 of the remaining 37 places) is able to have its three archers compete as a team in the team competition.

[edit] Competition

Modern Olympic archery consists of four medal events: men's individual, women's individual, men's team, and women's team. In all four events, the distance from the archer to the target is 70 metres.

[edit] Individual

In the individual competitions, 64 archers compete. The competition begins with the ranking round. Each archer shoots 72 arrows (in six ends, or groups, of 12 arrows). They are then ranked by score to determine their seeding for the single-elimination bracket. After this, final rankings for each archer is determined by the archer's score in the round in which the archer was defeated, with the archers defeated in the first round being ranked 33rd through 64th.

The first elimination round pits the first ranked archer against the sixty-fourth, the second against the sixty-third, and so on. In this match as well as the second and third, the archers shoot simultaneously 18 arrows in ends of 3 arrows. The archer with the higher score after 18 arrows moves on to the next round while the loser is eliminated.

After three such rounds, there are 8 archers remaining. The remaining three rounds (quarterfinals, semifinals, and medal matches) are referred to as the finals rounds. They consist of each archer firing 12 arrows, again in ends of 3 arrows. The two archers in the match alternate by arrow instead of firing their arrows simultaneously as in the first three rounds. The losers of the quarterfinals are eliminated, while the losers of the semifinals play each other to determine the bronze medal and fourth place. The two archers who are undefeated through the semifinals face each other in the gold medal match, in which the winner takes the gold medal while the loser receives the silver medal.

[edit] Team

Each country that has three archers in the individual competition also gets to compete as a team. The same three archers from the individual competition must compete as the country's team. Their scores in the individual ranking round are added to determine the team's ranking round score.

The first team round is the round of 16, but as the number of teams is usually between 9 and 15 the highest ranked teams typically get a bye in the first round. Matches consist of each team firing 27 arrows in 3 ends of 9 arrows, with each archer on the team firing 3 arrows per end. Advancement and medals are determined in the same manner as the individual competition.

[edit] Events

[edit] Early Games

Early Olympic archery competitions had events that were unique for each of the Games.

1900 1904 1908 1912 1920
6 events, men only 6 events, men and women 3 events, men and women not held 10 events, men only
  • Au Cordon Doré, 50 metres
  • Au Cordon Doré, 33 metres
  • Au Chapelet, 50 metres
  • Au Chapelet, 33 metres
  • Sur la Perche à la Herse
  • Sur la Perche à la Pyramide
  • Team round, men
  • Team round, women
  • Double American round, men
  • Double Columbia round, women
  • Double National round, women
  • Double York round, men
  

[edit] Modern Games

Event 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 08 Years
Double FITA round, men X X X X - - - - - - 4
Double FITA round, women X X X X - - - - - - 4
Double FITA elimination round, men - - - - X - - - - - 1
Double FITA elimination round, women - - - - X - - - - - 1
Elimination round, team men - - - - X - - - - - 1
Elimination round, team women - - - - X - - - - - 1
Olympic round, individual men - - - - - X X X X X 5
Olympic round, individual women - - - - - X X X X X 5
Olympic round, team men - - - - - X X X X X 5
Olympic round, team women - - - - - X X X X X 5
Events 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 32

[edit] Nations

The following nations have taken part in the archery competition.

Event 96 00 04 08 12 20 24 28 32 36 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 Years
American Samoa American Samoa (ASA) X 1
Argentina Argentina (ARG) X 1
Australia Australia (AUS) X X X X X X X X X 9
Austria Austria (AUT) X X X 3
Belarus Belarus (BLR) X X X 3
Belgium Belgium (BEL) X X X X X X X X X 9
Bhutan Bhutan (BHU) X X X X X X 6
Brazil Brazil (BRA) X X X X 4
Bulgaria Bulgaria (BUL) X X X X 4
Canada Canada (CAN) X X X X X X X X 8
Central African Republic Central African Republic (CAF) X 1
Chile Chile (CHI) X 1
China China (CHN) X X X X X X 6
Chinese Taipei Chinese Taipei (TPE) X X X X X X X 7
Colombia Colombia (COL) X X 2
Costa Rica Costa Rica (CRC) X X X 3
Cuba Cuba (CUB) X X 2
Cyprus Cyprus (CYP) X 1
Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia (TCH) X X 2
Denmark Denmark (DEN) X X X X X X 6
Egypt Egypt (EGY) X X 2
El Salvador El Salvador (ESA) X X 2
Estonia Estonia (EST) X X 2
Fiji Fiji (FIJ) X 1
Finland Finland (FIN) X X X X X X X X X 9
France France (FRA) X X X X X X X X X X X 11
Georgia Georgia (GEO) X X X 3
Germany Germany (GER) X X X X 4
Great Britain Great Britain (GBR) X X X X X X X X X X 10
Greece Greece (GRE) X X 2
Guam Guam (GUM) X 1
Hong Kong Hong Kong (HKG) X X X 3
Hungary Hungary (HUN) X X X X 4
India India (IND) X X X X 4
Indonesia Indonesia (INA) X X X X X X X X 8
Ireland Ireland (IRL) X X X X X X 6
Italy Italy (ITA) X X X X X X X X X 9
Japan Japan (JPN) X X X X X X X X 8
Jordan Jordan (JOR) X 1
Kazakhstan Kazakhstan (KAZ) X X X 3
Kenya Kenya (KEN) X 1
South Korea South Korea (KOR) X X X X X X X 7
North Korea North Korea (PRK) X X X X 4
Laos Laos (LAO) X 1
Luxembourg Luxembourg (LUX) X X X X X X 6
Malaysia Malaysia (MAS) X 1
Malta Malta (MLT) X X X 3
Mauritius Mauritius (MRI) X X 2
Mexico Mexico (MEX) X X X X X X X 7
Moldova Moldova (MDA) X 1
Monaco Monaco (MON) X X 2
Mongolia Mongolia (MGL) X X X X X X 6
Myanmar Myanmar (MYA) X X 2
Netherlands Netherlands (NED) X X X X X X X X 8
New Zealand New Zealand (NZL) X X X X X X X 7
Norway Norway (NOR) X X X X X X 6
Philippines Philippines (PHI) X X X X 4
Poland Poland (POL) X X X X X X X X 8
Portugal Portugal (POR) X X X X X 5
Puerto Rico Puerto Rico (PUR) X X X X X 5
Romania Romania (ROM) X 1
Russia Russia (RUS) X X X 3
San Marino San Marino (SMR) X X 2
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia (KSA) X X 2
Slovenia Slovenia (SLO) X X X 3
Solomon Islands Solomon Islands (SOL) X 1
South Africa South Africa (RSA) X X X X 4
Soviet Union Soviet Union (URS) X X X X 4
Spain Spain (ESP) X X X X X X X X 8
Sweden Sweden (SWE) X X X X X X X X X 9
Switzerland Switzerland (SUI) X X X X 4
Tajikistan Tajikistan (TJK) X 1
Thailand Thailand (THA) X X 2
Tonga Tonga (TGA) X 1
Turkey Turkey (TUR) X X X X X X 6
Ukraine Ukraine (UKR) X X X 3
Uganda Uganda (UGA) X 1
Unified Team Unified Team (EUN) X 1
United States United States (USA) X X X X X X X X X X 10
Vanuatu Vanuatu (VAN) X 1
West Germany West Germany (FRG) X X X X 4
Yugoslavia Yugoslavia (YUG) X X 2
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe (ZIM) X X 2
Nations 0 2 1 3 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 24 25 35 41 44 41 44 43 83
Year 96 00 04 08 12 20 24 28 32 36 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 13

[edit] Records

The Olympic records for archery are for the competition format established in 1992.

Men's
# of arrows Archer(s) Score Games
72 (ranking) South Korea Im Dong-hyun (KOR) 687 2004
18 South Korea Park Kyung-mo (KOR) 173 2004
12 South Korea Oh Kyo-moon (KOR) 115 1996
Australia Tim Cuddihy (AUS) 2004
Japan Hiroshi Yamamoto (JPN)
36 (finals) Australia Tim Cuddihy (AUS) 340 2004
216 (team ranking) South Korea South Korea (KOR)
Jang Yong-ho
Kim Bo-ram
Oh Kyo-moon		 2031 1996
27 (team) South Korea South Korea (KOR)
Jang Yong-ho
Oh Kyo-moon
Kim Chung-tae		 258 2000
54 (team finals) United States United States (USA)
Justin Huish
Butch Johnson
Rodney White		 502 1996
Women's
# of arrows Archer(s) Score Games
72 (ranking) South Korea Park Sung Hyun (KOR) 682 2004
18 South Korea Yun Mi-Jin (KOR) 173 2000
2004
12 South Korea Kim Soo-nyung (KOR) 114 1992
36 (finals) South Korea Kim Nam Soom (KOR) 334 2000
216 (team ranking) South Korea South Korea (KOR)
Park Sung Hyun
Lee Sung Jin
Yun Mi-Jin		 2030 2004
27 (team) South Korea South Korea (KOR)
Kim Soo-nyung
Kim Nam-soon
Yun Mi-Jin		 252 2000
54 (team finals) South Korea South Korea (KOR)
Kim Soo-nyung
Kim Nam-soon
Yun Mi-Jin		 502 2000

[edit] See also

[edit] References

[edit] External links

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Archery at the Summer Olympics
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