Anthranilate 1,2-dioxygenase (deaminating, decarboxylating)

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In enzymology, an anthranilate 1,2-dioxygenase (deaminating, decarboxylating) (EC 1.14.12.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

anthranilate + NAD(P)H + 2 H⁺ + O₂ $\rightleftharpoons$ catechol + CO₂ + NAD(P)+ + NH₃

The 5 substrates of this enzyme are anthranilate, NADH, NADPH, H⁺, and O₂, whereas its 5 products are catechol, CO₂, NAD⁺, NADP⁺, and NH₃.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of two atoms o oxygen into the other donor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is anthranilate,NAD(P)H:oxygen oxidoreductase (1,2-hydroxylating, deaminating, decarboxylating). Other names in common use include anthranilate hydroxylase, anthranilic hydroxylase, and anthranilic acid hydroxylase. This enzyme participates in 3 metabolic pathways: benzoate degradation via hydroxylation, carbazole degradation, and nitrogen metabolism. It employs one cofactor, iron.

[edit] References

IUBMB entry for 1.14.12.1
BRENDA references for 1.14.12.1 (Recommended.)
PubMed references for 1.14.12.1
PubMed Central references for 1.14.12.1
Google Scholar references for 1.14.12.1
Kobayashi S and Hayaishi O (1970). "Anthranilic acid conversion to catechol (Pseudomonas)". Methods Enzymol. 17A: 505–510.
and Kurihara N (1964). "Enzymatic formation of catechol from anthranilic acid". J. Biol. Chem. 239: 2204–2211.