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[edit] New Amsterdam Historic District

New Amsterdam Historic District
(U.S. Registered Historic District)
Fire House and Children's Museum along Second Avenue
Fire House and Children's Museum along Second Avenue
Location: Detroit, Michigan
Coordinates: 42°21′56″N 83°4′21″W / 42.36556, -83.0725Coordinates: 42°21′56″N 83°4′21″W / 42.36556, -83.0725
Architect: Kahn, Albert; et.al.
Architectural style(s): Late 19th And Early 20th Century American Movements, Late Victorian
Added to NRHP: May 30, 2001
NRHP Reference#: 01000570[1]
Governing body: Local


The New Amsterdam Historic District is an historic district located in Detroit, Michigan. Buildings in this district are on or near three sequential east-west streets: Amsterdam, Burroughs, and York, between Woodward Avenue and Second Avenue. The buildings are located at 435 and 450 Amsterdam Street, 41-47, and 440 Burroughs Street, 5911-5919 and 6050-6160 Cass Avenue, 6100-6200 Second Avenue, and 425 York Street.

[edit] General history

Major railroad infrastructure, known as the Milwaukee Junction, was built in the 1890s to facilitate industrial expansion in the city of Detroit.[2] Plants were built in this area on both sides of Woodward Avenue, with the automotive indistry prominently involved. Part of this area east of Woodward is now the Piquette Avenue Industrial Historic District, while the area west of Woodward and south of the railroad tracks is the New Amsterdam Historic District.

Although not part of the New Amsterdam Historic District, part of the early industrial character of the area was formed by the enormous Albert Kahn-designed Burroughs Typewriter factory at Second and Burroughs, which is now the Henry Ford Health Systems administrative offices.[2]

[edit] Unknown (435 Amsterdam Street)

This building is currently QEK Global Solutions.

[edit] Cadillac Assembly Plant (450 Amsterdam Street)

The Cadillac Assembly Plant was designed by George D. Mason in 1905 for the Cadillac Motor Car Company.[2] The plant was constructed in only 67 days[3] after a fire damaged the original buildings on the site.[4]

Cadillac moved their production to the Clark Street plant in Southwest Detroit in 1920, after which Wescott Paper and other tenants leased the building.[3] Wescott still resides in the building.

[edit] Graphic Arts Building (41-47 Burroughs Street)

The Graphic Arts Building was designed and built in 1926 by Murphy and Burns.[2] It features a striking terra cotta exterior.[2] The original tenants were graphic art professionals, including a commercial engraver, a photographer, and art studios.[2]

Jonna Construction has purchased this property and has redeveloped the building into lofts.[5] The redevelopment, known as the "Lofts at New Amsterdam Phase I," consists of 39 units; as of 2007, the building was 48% occupied.[6] The second phase of the development is in the Caille Brothers building at 6200 Second.[6]

[edit] G. A. Richards Oakland Company Service Department for Oaklands and Pontiacs (440 Burroughs Street)

This Pontiac service dealership was designed in 1927 by Albert Kahn.[2] The owner, Gearge A. Richards, also owned WJR and the Detroit Lions. The building later housed a Chevrolet repair shop.[2]

The building is currently TechOne, the first phase of the Techtown research incubator.[7] As of late 2007, the building had 34 tenants.[7]

[edit] Carney-Labadie Company (5911-5919 Cass Avenue)

C. F. Carney and Joseph Labadie formed the Carney-Labadie Company in 1910 to distribute Exide batteries and Firestone tires.[8] The company purchased the McGraw estate on Cass in 1922 to build a headquarters.[8]

The building is now the John King Big Bookstore.

[edit] Stewart- Warner Speedometer Corporation Building (6050 Cass Avenue)

6050 Cass Avenue
6050 Cass Avenue

The Stewart- Warner Speedometer Corporation Building was built in 1925 as the Detroit home of the Stewart-Warner Speedometer Corporation. It was later used as a wheel and brake service center, and the Burroughs Corporation credit union.[3] Wayne State University has used this building to house their parking and mail departments.[3]

In 2008, Wayne State began refurbishing the building fro use by the Department of Public Safety.[9] The building opened in June of 2008.[10]

[edit] American Beauty Irons (American Electrical Heater Building) (6110 Cass)

The American Beauty Iron Building is scheduled for demolition, in order to construct the third phase of TechTown.[7]

[edit] Walter J. Bemb Buick-Pontiac Dealership (6160 Cass Avenue)

6160 Cass Avenue (Dagleish Cadillac)
6160 Cass Avenue (Dagleish Cadillac)

The Walter J. Bemb Buick-Pontiac Dealership was designed in 1927 by Albert Kahn.[3] Walter J. Bemb was a Detroit automotive pioneer who began his career in Detroit's first automobile dealership woking for William E. Metzger.[11] He worked for both Ford Motor Company and Hudson Motor Company until striking out on his own in 1912 with the Bemb-Robinson Company, selling Hudson and later Essex automobiles.[11] He later bcame associated woth General Motors.

In 1972, Dalgleish Cadillac, a dealership which has been in business since 1922, purchased the building.[4] In 1921, the original firehouse was sold, and in late 1922 the companies moved into a new firehouse at the corner of Second and Burroughs. The fire station has been in continuous service since.[3]

[edit] Detroit Edison Substation (6134 Second Avenue)

6134 Second Avenue (Detroit Children's Museum)
6134 Second Avenue (Detroit Children's Museum)

The Detroit Edison Substation at 6134 Second Avenue[12] was built c. 1910 by the Detroit Edison Company.[13] The building eventually fell into disuse, and in 2001, the Detroit Public Schools bought the building and paid three million dollars to renovate it.[14] After renovation, the schools moved the Detroit Children's Museum from its Midtown location to the site.[13]

[edit] Caille Brothers Building (6200 Second Avenue)

6200 Second Avenue (Century Floral Building)
6200 Second Avenue (Century Floral Building)

The Caille Brothers Building was built in several stages between 1900 and 1930.[3]

The Caille Brothers Company began manufacturing in Detroit in 1895, when A. Arthur Caille, inventor of the penny slot machine,[3] moved his business to Detroit from Saginaw.[15] Caille ran the company along with his brother Adolf.[15] The brothers built the company to become one of the largest penny slot makers in the world,[15] employing over 400 people in 1912.[16] Later they expanded their product line to include other items such as marine motors, scales,[15] and the conveyor belts used in grocery stores.[6]

The building was later known as the Century Floral Building.[3]

Jonna Construction has purchased this property and as of 2008 redeveloping the building into lofts.[5] The property plan, known as the "Loftrs at New Amsterdam, Phase II," calls for 62 loft units in the building.[6] Phase I of the development, now completed, was in the Graphic Arts Building at 41-47 Burroughs.[6]

[edit] 425 York Street

This building on the corner of Cass Avenue and York Street has been demolished by Wayne State University. A surface parking lot has replaced it.

[edit] External links

[edit] Piquette Avenue Industrial Historic District

Piquette Avenue Industrial Historic District
(U.S. Registered Historic District)
Piquette Avenue looking west from approximately St. Antoine. Fisher Body Plant 21 is on the left, Fisher Body Plant 23 and the Ford Piquette Avenue plant are on the right. The structure in the distance at the end of Piquette is the rear of Dalgleish Cadillac in the New Amsterdam Historic District.
Piquette Avenue looking west from approximately St. Antoine. Fisher Body Plant 21 is on the left, Fisher Body Plant 23 and the Ford Piquette Avenue plant are on the right. The structure in the distance at the end of Piquette is the rear of Dalgleish Cadillac in the New Amsterdam Historic District.
Location: Detroit, Michigan
Coordinates: 42°22′5″N 83°3′57″W / 42.36806, -83.06583Coordinates: 42°22′5″N 83°3′57″W / 42.36806, -83.06583
Built/Founded: 1904
Architect: Field, Hinchman and Smith; Smith, Hinchman and Grylls, et al
Architectural style(s): Late Victorian, Late 19th And Early 20th Century American Movements
Added to NRHP: June 15, 2004
NRHP Reference#: 04000601[1]
Governing body: Local

The Piquette Avenue Industrial Historic District is an historic district located along Piquette Street in Detroit, Michigan, fromWoodward Avenue on the west to Hastings Street on the east. The district extends approximately one block south of Piquette to Harper, and one block north to the Grand Trunk Western Railroad Line.

The area along Piquette was an important center for automobile production in the early 20th century. Ford Motor Company, Studebaker, Cadillac, Dodge, and Regal Motor Car had plants in the area, as well as suppliers such as Fisher Body.[17] In 1911, the two largest automobile producers in the world, Studebaker and Ford, were located next door to each other on Piquette.[17] Although the area is largely quiet now, as recently as the 1950s there were 50,000 workers employed in plants in the district.[17]

[edit] General history

The east side of the Piquette plant, looking north-west.
The east side of the Piquette plant, looking north-west.

Major railroad infrastructure, known as the Milwaukee Junction, was built in the 1890s to facilitate industrial expansion in the city of Detroit.[18] Plants were built in this area on both sides of Woodward Avenue, with the automotive indistry prominently involved. Part of this area west of Woodward and south of the railroad tracks is the New Amsterdam Historic District, while a protion of the area east of Woodward is now the Piquette Avenue Industrial Historic District.

[edit] Buildings

[edit] Fisher Body Plant 21 (700 Piquette)

Fisher Body Plant 21, Piquette and St. Antoine.
Fisher Body Plant 21, Piquette and St. Antoine.

The Fisher Body Plant 21 is located on the southeast corner of Piquette and St. Antoine.[19] It was designed in 1921 by Albert Kahn for Fisher Body, who manufactured Buick and Cadillac bodies in the plant until 1925.[4] From 1930-1956, the plant was used as an engineering design facility; after that it was used to build Cadillac limousine bodies.[4]

[edit] Fisher Body Plant 23 (601 Piquette)

The Fisher Body Plant 23 is located on the northeast corner of Piquette and Beaubien.[20]

[edit] Ford Piquette Avenue Plant (461 Piquette)

Main article: Ford Piquette Avenue Plant

The Ford Piquette Avenue Plant is located at 461 Piquette, on the northwest corner of Piquette and Beaubien. It is a three-story mill-style building designed by Field, Hinchman, and Smith for Ford in 1904.[21] The first Model Ts were built in this building.[19] The building was designated a National Historic Landmark on February 22, 2002.[1]

[edit] E-M-F/Studebaker Plant

The Studebaker Plant was located on the north side of Piquette, between Brush and John R. The building first housed Wayne Automotive in 1906.[20] In 1908, Wayne merged with Northern Motor Car to from the E-M-F Company.[22] The owners of E-M-F formed a manufacturing and distribution partnership with Studebaker, and eventually Studebaker took control of E-M-F (and the plant) in 1910.[22] Studebaker continued to manufacture automobiles in the plant until 1925.[23] After Studebaker left the plant, Chrysler used it until the mid-1960s as a parts facility.[20]

The building was used in part for warehousing after that, as well as home the Piquette Market, a meat wholesaler.[24] In June 2005, the plant was completely destroyed in a fire. [20] As of 2008, a shelter for homeless veterans was planned for the site.[25]

[edit] Autocar Service Building

The Autocar Service Building is located on the southwest corner of Piquette and Brush.[20]

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b c National Register Information System. National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service (2008-04-15).
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Eric J. Hill, John Gallagher, and the American Institute of Architects Detroit Chapter, AIA Detroit: The American Institute of Architects Guide to Detroit Architecture, Wayne State University Press, Detroit, 2002, ISBN:0814331203. pp. 168-169.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i Randall Fogelman, Detroit's New Center, Arcadia Publishing, 2004, ISBN:0738532711, pp.57-66
  4. ^ a b c d Detroit Cadillac Driving Tour from Motor Cities.org
  5. ^ a b New Center Council Planning
  6. ^ a b c d e Detroit Development News, May 22, 2007, from Model D
  7. ^ a b c Tom Henderson, "TechTown tries to find new funding," Crain's Detroit Business, October 22, 2007
  8. ^ a b William Stocking, The City of Detroit, Michigan, 1701-1922, S.J. Clarke Publishing, 1922, p. 851
  9. ^ Indera Robinson, "WSU Department of Public Safety to expand with new modern facility," from Life at Wayne.
  10. ^ "WSUPD Grand Opening" from Wayne State University.
  11. ^ a b Clarence Monroe Burton, William Stocking, Gordon K. Miller, The City of Detroit, Michigan, 1701-1922, S. J. Clarke Publishing, 1922, p. 517
  12. ^ Melinda Clynes, "Kid City", Model D, January 22, 2008
  13. ^ a b Daniel G. Fricker, "Detroit Hopes New Children's Museum Will Spur Development," Detroit Free Press, October 27, 2001.
  14. ^ "New Children’s Museum Opens in Empowerment Zone," In the Zone, Winter 2002.
  15. ^ a b c d William Stocking, Gordon K. Miller, The City of Detroit, Michigan, 1701-1922, S. J. Clarke Publishing, 1922, p. 600.
  16. ^ Albert Nelson Marquis, The Book of Detroiters, A. N. Marquis & Co., 1912, p. 92
  17. ^ a b c "Huge fire destroys century-old warehouse in Detroit" from USA Today.
  18. ^ Eric J. Hill, John Gallagher, and the American Institute of Architects Detroit Chapter, AIA Detroit: The American Institute of Architects Guide to Detroit Architecture, Wayne State University Press, Detroit, 2002, ISBN:0814331203. pp. 168-169.
  19. ^ a b Fisher Body Plant Number 21 from Detroit1701.org
  20. ^ a b c d e Joel Kurth and Douglass Dowty, "Flames char piece of Detroit auto heritage," The Detroit News, June 22, 2005
  21. ^ Ford Motor Company Piquette Avenue Plant from Detroit1701.org
  22. ^ a b "The History of the E-M-F company,"
  23. ^ Everitt-Metzger-Flanders/Studebaker Auto Plant from Detroit1701
  24. ^ Studebaker History
  25. ^ "City Breaks Ground On Veteran Housing" from WDIV
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