Amélie of Orléans

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Amélie of Orléans, Queen of Portugal
Amélie of Orléans, Queen of Portugal

Amélie (Marie Louise Hélène) of Orleans (28 September 1865 - 25 October 1951) was the eldest daughter of Philippe, comte de Paris and his wife and cousin Princess Marie Isabelle of Orléans. She was Queen consort of Portugal, and was known by her subjects by the name of Maria Amélia.

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[edit] Family

Her paternal grandparents were Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans and Duchess Helena Luisa Elizabeth of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Her maternal grandparents were Antoine, Duke of Montpensier and Infanta Luisa Fernanda of Spain.

The Dukes of Orléans and Montpensier were siblings, both sons of Louis-Philippe of France and Maria Amalia of the Two Sicilies.

[edit] Marriage

On 22 May 1886, Amélie married Prince Carlos of Portugal. He was the eldest son of Luís I of Portugal and Maria Pia of Italy. He was at the time the Heir apparent to the throne. The bride was almost twenty-one years old and the groom about twenty-three.

They had three children:

[edit] Queen consort

In 1892 Pope Leo XIII gave a Golden Rose to Amélie.

On 19 October 1889, her father-in-law died and Carlos succeeded him on the throne. Amélie became the new Queen consort of Portugal. However her husband became known for his extramarital affairs while the popularity of the Portuguese monarchy started to wane in the face of a bankrupt economy, industrial disturbances, socialist and republican antagonism and press criticism.

In 1907, Carlos forced the Parliament of Portugal to dissolve and authorised João Franco, already Prime Minister of Portugal since 1906, to establish an authoritarian government. This did little to help the image of the Royal Family.

On 1 February 1908 the royal family returning from the palace of Vila Viçosa to Lisbon. They travelled by coach to Almada and from then took a boat to cross the Tagus River and disembarked in Cais do Sodré in downtown Lisbon. On their way to the royal palace, the carriage with Carlos I and his family passed through Terreiro do Paço. While crossing the square, shots were fired from the crowd by at least two men: Alfredo Costa, Manuel Buiça. The king died immediately, his heir Luís Filipe was mortally wounded, Prince Manuel hit in the arm and Amélie surprisingly unharmed.

The assassins were shot on the spot by members of the bodyguard and later were recognized as members of the Portuguese Republican Party. About twenty minutes later, Prince Luis Filipe died and the next day, Manuel was acclaimed king of Portugal, the last one of the Braganza dynasty. Amélie became Queen Dowager.

Manuel II of Portugal was deposed by a military coup, later known as the 5 October 1910 revolution, resulting in the establishment of the Portuguese First Republic. Amélie left Portugal with the rest of the royal family and went into exile. She was the last Queen consort of Portugal as the monarchy has never been restored.

[edit] Ancestry

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16. Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8. Louis-Philippe of France
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17. Louise Marie Adélaïde of Bourbon-Penthièvre
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4. Prince Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
18. Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9. Maria Amalia of the Two Sicilies
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19. Marie Caroline of Austria
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2. Prince Philippe, Count of Paris
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
20. Frederick Francis I, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10. Frederick Louis, Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
21. Princess Luise of Saxe-Gotha
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5. Duchess Helena of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
22. Charles Augustus, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11. Princess Caroline of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23. Princess Luise Auguste of Hesse-Darmstadt
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1. Princess Amélie of Orléans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
24. Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans (= 16)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12. Louis-Philippe of France (= 8)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25. Louise Marie Adélaïde of Bourbon-Penthièvre (= 17)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6. Prince Antoine, Duke of Montpensier
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
26. Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies (= 18)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13. Maria Amalia of the Two Sicilies (= 9)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27. Marie Caroline of Austria (= 19)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3. Princess Marie Isabelle of Orléans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28. Charles IV of Spain
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
14. Ferdinand VII of Spain
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29. Maria Luisa of Parma
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7. Infanta Luisa Fernanda of Spain
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30. Francis I of the Two Sicilies
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15. Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31. Maria Isabella of Spain
 
 
 
 
 
 

[edit] External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Portuguese royalty
Preceded by
Maria Pia of Italy
Queen consort of Portugal
19 October 1889 - 1 February 1908
Succeeded by
None, monarchy abolished