All Russian Co-operative Society

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The All Russian Co-operative Society (ARCOS) was the principal body responsible for the orchestration of Anglo-Soviet trade in the early days of Communist Russia, following the development of Lenin's New Economic Policy.

In 1927, the London offices of the Society were raided and the Baldwin government accused the USSR of using the organisation for the conduct of "military espionage and subversive activities throughout the British Empire and North and South America." The incident became known as the Arcos Affair. Diplomatic relations and trade agreements between the USSR and Britain were dissolved shortly after the incident.