Alfred Moore
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Alfred Moore | |
|
|
|
| In office April 21, 1800 – January 26, 1804 |
|
| Nominated by | John Adams |
|---|---|
| Preceded by | James Iredell |
| Succeeded by | William Johnson |
|
|
|
| Born | May 21, 1755 New Hanover County, North Carolina |
| Died | October 15, 1810 (aged 55) Bladen County, North Carolina |
Alfred Moore (May 21, 1755 – October 15, 1810) was a distinguished North Carolina judge who became a justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. Moore Square, a park located in the Moore Square Historic District in Raleigh, North Carolina was named in his honor. Moore was buried at the St. Philip's Church near Wilmington.
[edit] Family and early education
His father, Maurice, preceded him in the practice of law and served as a colonial judge in North Carolina. Alfred was sent to Boston to complete his education, but he returned to North Carolina and apprenticed at the law with his father before being admitted to the bar at the age of twenty.
[edit] Political career
In 1775 the American Revolutionary War broke out and Alfred served as a captain in the First Regiment, North Carolina Line, of which his uncle, James Moore, was colonel, and took part in the defense of Charleston, S.C. in June 1776. He resigned in 1777, but served in the militia against Cornwallis after the battle of Guilford Court House. The war was costly to the Moore family. British troops captured the Moore plantation and burned the family home, and Alfred’s father, brother, and an uncle were among those who served and died.
At the end of the war Moore was elected to the North Carolina General Assembly, which eventually elected him to serve as Attorney General; a position he held from 1782 to 1791. As Attorney General in 1787 he argued the State's case in Bayard v. Singleton [I NC (Mart) 5], which as decided (against the State) became an important early instance of the application of judicial review. Moore was an ardent Federalist favoring a strong national government and he took a leading role in securing North Carolina’s ratification of the United States Constitution after the state had initially rejected it in 1788. After North Carolina’s admission to the Union as the 12th state, Moore worked as a lawyer, was active in political affairs, and served as a judge of the superior court in 1798 and 1799. [1] He served in the North Carolina State legislature, but lost by a single vote in his run for the United States Senate.
[edit] Supreme Court Justice
In 1799, Associate Justice James Iredell died suddenly. President John Adams responded to the vacancy by nominating Alfred Moore. At 4 feet 5 inches tall he is the shortest justice ever to sit on the Supreme Court and, due to poor health, Moore’s contribution to the court was nearly as abbreviated as he was. In his five years of service he wrote only one opinion, upholding a conclusion that France was an enemy in the undeclared Quasi-War of 1798-1799.
In the early 1780s, he married Suzanne Eagles. After leaving the Supreme Court in 1804, he helped found the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. His summer home, Moorefields, built around 1785 in Orange County, North Carolina near Hillsborough, still stands, and is listed in the National Register of Historic Places.
| Legal offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by James Iredell |
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States April 21, 1800 – January 26, 1804 |
Succeeded by William Johnson |
| Supreme Court of the United States | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
 |
||||||||||||
- This article incorporates text from an edition of the New International Encyclopedia that is in the public domain.
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| NAME | Moore, Alfred |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION | Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1755-5-21 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | New Hanover County, North Carolina |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1810-10-15 |
| PLACE OF DEATH | Bladen County, North Carolina |
