AHSG

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein

Identifiers

AHSG; A2HS; AHS; FETUA; HSGA

External IDs

OMIM: 138680 MGI: 107189 HomoloGene: 1225

Gene ontology
Molecular Function:	• cysteine protease inhibitor activity • kinase inhibitor activity
Cellular Component:	• extracellular region • extracellular space
Biological Process:	• ossification • pinocytosis • acute-phase response • negative regulation of bone mineralization • negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway • regulation of inflammatory response • positive regulation of phagocytosis

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Human

Mouse

Refseq

NM_001622 (mRNA)
NP_001613 (protein)

NM_013465 (mRNA)
NP_038493 (protein)

Location

Chr 3: 187.81 - 187.82 Mb

Chr 16: 22.81 - 22.81 Mb

Pubmed search

[1]

[2]

Alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein, also known as AHSG, is a human gene.^[1]

Alpha2-HS glycoprotein (AHSG), a glycoprotein present in the serum, is synthesized by hepatocytes. The AHSG molecule consists of two polypeptide chains, which are both cleaved from a proprotein encoded from a single mRNA. It is involved in several functions, such as endocytosis, brain development and the formation of bone tissue. The protein is commonly present in the cortical plate of the immature cerebral cortex and bone marrow hemopoietic matrix, and it has therefore been postulated that it participates in the development of the tissues. However, its exact significance is still obscure.^[1]

[edit] References

^ ^a ^b Entrez Gene: AHSG alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein.

[edit] Further reading

Ketteler M, Vermeer C, Wanner C, et al. (2003). "Novel insights into uremic vascular calcification: role of matrix Gla protein and alpha-2-Heremans Schmid glycoprotein/fetuin.". Blood Purif. 20 (5): 473–6. PMID 12207096.
Ketteler M (2005). "Fetuin-A and extraosseous calcification in uremia.". Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 14 (4): 337–42. PMID 15931001.
Yang F, Schwartz Z, Swain LD, et al. (1991). "Alpha 2-HS-glycoprotein: expression in chondrocytes and augmentation of alkaline phosphatase and phospholipase A2 activity.". Bone 12 (1): 7–15. PMID 2054237.
Araki T, Yoshioka Y, Schmid K (1989). "The position of the disulfide bonds in human plasma alpha 2 HS-glycoprotein and the repeating double disulfide bonds in the domain structure.". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 994 (3): 195–9. PMID 2645941.
Kellermann J, Haupt H, Auerswald EA, Müller-Ester W (1989). "The arrangement of disulfide loops in human alpha 2-HS glycoprotein. Similarity to the disulfide bridge structures of cystatins and kininogens.". J. Biol. Chem. 264 (24): 14121–8. PMID 2760061.
Magnuson VL, McCombs JL, Lee CC, et al. (1988). "Human alpha 2-HS-glycoprotein localized to 3q27----q29 by in situ hybridization.". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 47 (1-2): 72–4. PMID 3356172.
Lee CC, Bowman BH, Yang FM (1987). "Human alpha 2-HS-glycoprotein: the A and B chains with a connecting sequence are encoded by a single mRNA transcript.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 (13): 4403–7. PMID 3474608.
Keeley FW, Sitarz EE (1985). "Identification and quantitation of alpha 2-HS-glycoprotein in the mineralized matrix of calcified plaques of atherosclerotic human aorta.". Atherosclerosis 55 (1): 63–9. PMID 3924066.
Yoshioka Y, Gejyo F, Marti T, et al. (1986). "The complete amino acid sequence of the A-chain of human plasma alpha 2HS-glycoprotein.". J. Biol. Chem. 261 (4): 1665–76. PMID 3944104.
Matsushima K, Cheng M, Migita S (1982). "Purification and physicochemical characterization of human alpha 2-HS-glycoprotein.". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 701 (2): 200–5. PMID 6803836.
Gejyo F, Chang JL, Bürgi W, et al. (1983). "Characterization of the B-chain of human plasma alpha 2HS-glycoprotein. The complete amino acid sequence and primary structure of its heteroglycan.". J. Biol. Chem. 258 (8): 4966–71. PMID 6833285.
Rizzu P, Baldini A (1995). "Three members of the human cystatin gene superfamily, AHSG, HRG, and KNG, map within one megabase of genomic DNA at 3q27.". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 70 (1-2): 26–8. PMID 7736783.
Srinivas PR, Wagner AS, Reddy LV, et al. (1994). "Serum alpha 2-HS-glycoprotein is an inhibitor of the human insulin receptor at the tyrosine kinase level.". Mol. Endocrinol. 7 (11): 1445–55. PMID 7906861.
Nawratil P, Lenzen S, Kellermann J, et al. (1997). "Limited proteolysis of human alpha2-HS glycoprotein/fetuin. Evidence that a chymotryptic activity can release the connecting peptide.". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (49): 31735–41. PMID 8940198.
Osawa M, Umetsu K, Ohki T, et al. (1997). "Molecular evidence for human alpha 2-HS glycoprotein (AHSG) polymorphism.". Hum. Genet. 99 (1): 18–21. PMID 9003486.
Osawa M, Umetsu K, Sato M, et al. (1997). "Structure of the gene encoding human alpha 2-HS glycoprotein (AHSG).". Gene 196 (1-2): 121–5. PMID 9322749.
Umekawa T, Iguchi M, Konya E, et al. (2000). "Localization and inhibitory activity of alpha(2)HS-glycoprotein in the kidney.". Urol. Res. 27 (5): 315–8. PMID 10550518.
Olivier E, Soury E, Ruminy P, et al. (2001). "Fetuin-B, a second member of the fetuin family in mammals.". Biochem. J. 350 Pt 2: 589–97. PMID 10947975.
Osawa M, Yuasa I, Kitano T, et al. (2001). "Haplotype analysis of the human alpha2-HS glycoprotein (fetuin) gene.". Ann. Hum. Genet. 65 (Pt 1): 27–34. PMID 11415520.
Haglund AC, Ek B, Ek P (2001). "Phosphorylation of human plasma alpha2-Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein (human fetuin) in vivo.". Biochem. J. 357 (Pt 2): 437–45. PMID 11439093.