Ahmadiyya Muslim Community

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  Part of a series of articles on
Ahmadiyya Islam
Branches
Ahmadiyya Muslim Community · Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement

Mirza Ghulam Ahmad
Prophecies · Claims · Death · Writings

Views & Belief
Five Pillars of Islam  · Quran  · Sunnah  · Hadith  · Jesus  · Prophethood  · Jihad  · Caliphate

Khalifatul Masih
of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community
Hakeem Noor-ud-Din · Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad · Mirza Nasir Ahmad · Mirza Tahir Ahmad · Mirza Masroor Ahmad

Emirs and scholars
of the Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement
Maulana Muhammad Ali · Sadr-ud-Din · Saeed Ahmad Khan · Asghar Hameed · Abdul Karim Saeed Pasha · Khwaja Kamal-ud-Din · Basharat Ahmad · Naseer Ahmad Faruqui

Literature
Barahin-e-Ahmadiyya  · Commentary on Surah Al-Fateha  · The Philosophy of the Teachings of Islam  · Malfoozat  · Tafseer-e-Kabeer  · Revelation, Rationality, Knowledge & Truth
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The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community (Arabic: الجماعة الأحمدية; transliterated: al-Jamā'a al-Ahmadīya) is the larger community of the two arising from Ahmadiyya Islam founded in 1889 by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian (1835-1908). The original movement split into two factions soon after the death of the founder. (The Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement, Ahmadiyya Anjuman Ishaat-i-Islam is the second branch).

The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community is guided by the Khalifa (Caliph), currently Khalifatul Masih V, who is believed to be the spiritual leader of Ahmadis and the successor to Mirza Ghulam Ahmad. He is called the Khalifatul Masih (successor of the Messiah)

Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, the founder of the Ahmadiyya movement, claimed to be the Mujaddid (reformer) of the 14th Islamic century as well as the Messiah, Mahdi and the Second Coming of Christ. [1] These claims have proven to be controversial among mainstream Muslims. Mainstream Muslims believe that no prophet or messenger will come after Muhammad and that Jesus himself, as well as the Mahdi, will descend from heaven at the End times to wage war against the forces of evil. [2]

Contents

[edit] History

The Ahmadiyya Muslim community was founded by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad in 1889. After the death of his first successor Hakeem Noor-ud-Din in 1914, there was a split upon the election of the second successor Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad which gradually led to certain doctrinal differences between those who accepted the Caliphate ( namely those who accepted Mahmood Ahmad as their leader) and those who preferred the central Ahmadiyya council.


[edit] The split in 1914

The split in 1914 resulted in the formation of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community and the Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement also known as Anjuman Isha`at-e-Islam. The reasons for the split were ideological differences as well as differences over the suitability of the elected Khalifa (2nd successor) Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad (the son of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad).

[edit] 1953 Riots and Selective Martial Law

Selective Martial law was declared over Lahore in 1953 by the Pakistan Armed Forces, in response to civil unrest following anti-Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement agitations. Then-captain Rahimuddin Khan (later General and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee) was part of the military deployment heading the army takeover of Lahore, culminating in the arrest of Maulana Maududi, who was considered the principal agitator behind the riots.

[edit] Persecution

Confident of state support, the Jamaat-e-Islami contested the 1970 elections in Pakistan, only to suffer big reversals. Thereafter, Jamaat started a widespread anti-Ahmadiyya movement in Pakistan. In 1973, Maududi condemned them as heretics in his book, Qadiani Problem (Qadiani is a derogatory term for Ahmadiyya). [3]

They engaged in massacres against them which resulted in 2,000 Ahmadiyya deaths in Pakistani Punjab. This anti-Ahmadiyya movement led Pakistani prime minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto to declare Ahmadis as constitutionally "non-Muslims". [4][3]

[edit] Persecution in 1984

In 1984, the Government of Pakistan, under General Zia-ul-Haq, passed Ordinance XX [5], which banned proselytizing by Ahmadis and also banned Ahmadis from identifying themselves as Muslims. According to this ordinance, any Ahmadi who refers to himself as a Muslim by either spoken or written word, or by visible representation, directly or indirectly, or makes the call for prayer as other Muslims do, is punishable by imprisonment of up to 3 years. Because of these difficulties, Mirza Tahir Ahmad moved the headquarters to London, UK.

[edit] Books & Literature

[edit] Europe

The first mosque built in London in 1924
The first mosque built in London in 1924
Baitul Futuh in London
Baitul Futuh in London
Great Britain
  • First foreign mission of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community (outside of Pakistan/India/Bangladesh) established in London in 1913.
  • First mosque built in London in 1924/26, Fazal Mosque.
  • Largest mosque in western Europe built in 2003, Baitul Futuh.
  • Dar-ul Barakat Mosque in Birmingham in 2004
  • Nasir Mosque Hartlepool in Hartlepool in 2005
  • The first English translation of the Qur'an by a Muslim author composed by Maulawi Sher Ali.
Fazle Omar Mosque in Hamburg
Fazle Omar Mosque in Hamburg
Germany
  • Qur'an translated into German in 1954.
  • First mosque built in Germany after Second World War in Hamburg (1957) and Frankfurt (1959).
  • Biggest Ahmadiyya mosque in Germany built in Groß Gerau (1992).
  • Khadija Mosque in Berlin built in 2008.
Mahmood Mosque in Zürich
Mahmood Mosque in Zürich
Switzerland
  • Mahmud Mosque built in Zürich in 1963.
Albania
Bosnia
Denmark
Mosque in Oslo
Mosque in Oslo
Norway
  • „Moske i Oslo“ in Oslo in 1980
Sweden
Spain
  • Mezquita Basharat (Baitul Basharat Mosque), which is the first mosque to be built after 850 years in Spain, built in Pedro Abad in 1982.
Canada
  • Bait'ul Islam Mosque built in 1992 which is the currently the largest mosque in North America.
  • Baitul Noor Mosque built in 2006 in Calgary, Alberta, which is currently under construction. When completed, it will be the largest mosque in North America.

[edit] Successors of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad

Main article: Khalifatul Masih

The history of the Ahmadi Khilafat has spanned an entire century, is still continuing, and has seen 5 Caliphs lead the community thus far. [6]

[edit] Ahmadiyya Firsts

The following are some world firsts accomplished by the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community

  • First Muslim place of worship in London - 1914
  • First Muslim Worldwide 24/7 Satelitte Television Station, MTA International [7]] created in 1994
  • First branch/sect of Islam to translate the Qur'an in more than 118 languages.
  • First Muslim/Pakistani to receive Nobel Prize was Dr. Abdus Salam.
  • First Muslim/Pakistani United Nations General Assembly President Sir Chaudhry Muhammad Zafarullah Khan Sahib
  • First mosque built in Spain after 850 years.
  • First Muslim Vice-President and Director of the World Bank, M.M. Ahmad.
  • First Muslim Grammy Award Winner Yusuf Lateef.
  • First Ahmadi Muslim to become a well known American actor Mahasharlalhabaz Ali
  • First Recognized Martyr (because of the faith) - Hazrat Moulvi Abdur Rehman Sahib in Kabul, Afghanistan on June 20, 1901
  • First Jalsa Salana - in Qadian in December 1891
  • First Jalsa Salana Pakistan - December 1948

[edit] Famous Ahmadis

[edit] References

  1. ^ Chaudry, Dr. Aziz Ahmad (1996). The Promised Messiah and Mahdi. Islam International Publications Limited, "A World Reformer" p11). OCLC 45460290 ISBN 1-85372-596. 
  2. ^ Further Similarities and Differences (between esoteric, exoteric & Sunni/Shia and between Islam/Christianity/Judaism. Retrieved on 2006-09-15.
  3. ^ a b Grare, Fredric, Anatomy of Islamism, Political Islam in the Indian Subcontinent, Manohar Publishers, New Delhi, 2001. ISBN 81-7304-404-X
  4. ^ Jamaat-i-Islami Federal Research Division US Library of Congress
  5. ^ Ordinance XX
  6. ^ History of the Ahmadi Khilafat
  7. ^ [www.mta.tv]
  8. ^ Hazrat Khalifa-tul-Masih II and Lahore
  9. ^ "The Afghan Martyrs" by B.A. Rafiq

[edit] External links