Afro-Asian

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Afro-Asian
Notable Afro-Asians: Amerie Rogers Cassie Ventura Tyson Beckford Hines Ward Tomika Skanes Tiger Woods Kimora Lee Simmons Naomi Campbell Ne-Yo Bobby Raines Pharrell Williams Will Demps
Total population
Official population numbers are unknown.
Regions with significant populations
United States

An Afro-Asian is a person of African and Asian ancestry. As Afro-Asian is a broad term, it can be broken down into various sub-groups that are distinguished by their demographic location. Due to the widespread African and Asian diasporas, Afro-Asians reside throughout the world. In North America, and the Caribbean, the influx of Chinese and Indian workers in the 19th century forming unions with enslaved or free Africans gave rise to significant populations of Afro-Asians^{[citation needed]}.

Contents 1 History 1.1 South Asia 1.2 West Asia and Africa 1.3 United States 1.4 The West Indies 1.5 United Kingdom 2 Afro-Asians in the entertainment industry 3 See also 4 References 5 External links

[edit] History

[edit] South Asia

As early as 1100 AD commercial contacts between India and Ethiopia opened doors for many Ethiopians to emigrate to India. These Africans became known as Siddi or Habshi, Arabic word meaning black african. Many Habshi received prominent positions where they were able to foster many social reforms. Today, intermarriage has diminished the Habshi population in India. An individual of Indian and Habshi ancestry is considered an Indo-African. In South Asia there are over 250, 000 individuals who identify as Afro-Asian.^[1][2]

[edit] West Asia and Africa

Ethiopian conquerers entered Southern Arabia in the 2nd and 4th centuries. By 532 AD they had invaded and settled in Yemen. After the settlement, many more Africans came to South Arabia as slaves; men were usually traded as the women were kept as servants or concubines for the Arab leaders. Mixed race children of Ethiopian and Arab descent were considered more valuable in South Arabia. Two such children became Princes of the Abbassids. Meanwhile the Arabian army, known as the Sabaens, settled in Ethiopia. The empire of Axum was founded by the descendants of the Sabeans and native Ethiopians. In Iraq, Bantu-speaking Africans were called Zanj. The large number of Zanj slaves working in harsh conditions in Iraq lead to the famous Zanj Rebellion over a period of fifteen years (869-883 AD). African rebels occupied many of Iraq's cities forcing Arabs to flee to African nations such as Kenya, Somalia, and Tanzania. Today someone of African and Arab descent is considered Afro-Arab.^[3][4]

A former slave by the name of Najah seized power in the 10th century and established the Banu Najah dynasty, the first royal Afro-Asian family.^[5]

[edit] United States

In 1882, the Chinese Exclusion Act was passed and Chinese workers who chose to stay in the U.S. could no longer be with their wives who stayed behind in China. Because European Americans looked at Chinese labor workers as stealing employment, they were harassed and discriminated against. Many Chinese men settled in black communities and in turn married black women.^[6]

Tiger Woods, a famous golf player, is of white, Chinese, Native American, Thai and black descent; his father being half African American heritage and his mother being half Thai heritage. R&B singer Amerie is another famous Afro-Asian American, with her father being black and her mother Korean. Hines Ward, an NFL football player, is also an Afro-Asian. He currently plays for the Pittsburgh Steelers.

As of the census of 2000, there were 106,782 Afro-Asian individuals in the United States.^[7]

[edit] The West Indies

In the 1860s, Chinese immigrants were imported for labor and trade. It became increasingly common for a Chinese man to marry a black woman since the number of black women outnumbered that of Chinese women. According to the 1946 Census, 12,394 Chinese were located between Jamaica and Trinidad. 5,515 of those who lived in Jamaica were Chinese Jamaican and another 3,673 were Chinese-Trinidadians living in Trinidad.^[8] In Guyana and Haiti, there is also a very small percentage within the minority who are of Asian descent.

Haitian painter Edouard Wah was born to a Chinese father and Haitian mother. Grace Jones is also part Chinese.^{[citation needed]}

[edit] United Kingdom

The UK has a large mixed race population, which constitutes for around 1.4% of the population (or some 850,000 people). The largest sub groups by far are Mixed Whites and Black, and Mixed Whites and Asians. However there are over 70,000 UK citizens that are mixed race and do not fit the above descriptions, a significant percentage of these are Afro-Asian, the 2001 UK Census Ethnic Codes that represent Afro-Asian people are as follows: 24 - Black and South Asian, 25 - Black and Chinese, 29 - Black and Other Asians. Famous Afro-Asian Britons include Naomi Campbell. See British Mixed-Race for more information.

[edit] Afro-Asians in the entertainment industry

Many Afro-Asian individuals have become successful in the entertainment industry^{[citation needed]}, especially in the United States and the United Kingdom. These musicians, designers, and athletes include Apl.de.ap, Tyson Beckford, Naomi Campbell, Tiger Woods, Foxy Brown, Hines Ward, Kelis, Amerie Rogers, Ashanti, Diana King, Ne-Yo, Chilli and Tasha Reid. ]]ref>Stolzoff, Norman C. (2000). Wake the Town and Tell the People: Dancehall Culture in Jamaica. Durham: Duke University Press, 69. ISBN 0-8223-2514-4. </ref> Other notable Afro-Asians include Joe Bataan, Misa Hilton, Stacey McKenzie, Rae Dawn Chong, Sachio Kinugasa, Michael Takahashi, Peter Westbrook, Sheila Hudson, Johnnie Morton, and Chad Morton

Afro-Asians are also gaining prominence in fashion: Kimora Lee Simmons, now retired from full-time modeling, was among the first well-known Afro-Asian models^{[citation needed]}; Angela Chao Roberson was the first of black/Asian mixture to be a contestant in the Los Angeles Miss Chinatown pageant.^[9] Rising supermodel Chanel Iman is of Korean and African-American ancestry. According to King magazine^{[citation needed]}, constructed by the opinions of their readers, Afro-Asian models, such as Tomika Skanes and La'Shontae Heckard are becoming the next most desired models next to that of the Victoria's Secret angels.

In Japan Crystal Kay, a young singer of African American/Zainichi Korean heritage has become a top 10 recording star.

[edit] See also

• Negrito
• Chinese Jamaicans
• Chinese Trinidadian
• Dougla
• Falasha
• Hapa
• Indo-Caribbean
• Indo-Fijian
• Indo Jamaican
• Afro-Trinidadian people
• Indo-Trinidadian
• Eurasian
• Ziyadid dynasty
• Indo-Guyanese
• Afro-Guyanese
• Multiracial
• Filipino-Ghanaian

[edit] References

• John Middleton, The World of the Swahili.
• James de V. Allen, Swahili Origins.
• Agehananda Bharati, The Asians in East Africa: Jayhind and Uhuru.
• "The Indian Diaspora" at the UCLA Manas project

[edit] External links

• Blasians.com
• Mixed and Famous
• AsiansOfMixedRace.com
• Resource on Mixed Asians

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