Admiralty Shipyard
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The Admiralty Shipyard (Russian: Адмиралтейские верфи) (formerly Soviet Shipyard No. 194) is one of the oldest and largest shipyards in Russia, located in Saint Petersburg. The shipyard's building ways can accommodate ships of up to 70,000 metric tons of deadweight (DWT), 250 meters in length and 35 meters in width. Military products include naval warships such as nuclear and diesel-powered submarines and large auxiliaries.
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[edit] History
The shipyard was founded by Peter the Great during the Great Northern War in 1704. [1] It was administered by the Russian Admiralty, hence the name. In 1800, it was established as the New Admiralty yard, supplementing and soon replacing the Main Admiralty yard that had been founded in the center of the city a century earlier. In 1908, it was transferred to its current location as the Admiralty Shipyard.[2]
In the 19th century it was a major builder of battleships and submarines and cruisers in the 20th. [2] Since the mid-1950s its surface-ship facilities have specialized in large merchant ships, icebreakers, large rescue and salvage ships, fish-factory ships, floating dry docks, and a few naval auxiliaries.[2]
[edit] Submarines
In 1966, the shipyard delivered the Victor I-class nuclear attack submarine, and later the Victor II and Victor III-class sumbarines.[2]
From 1973 to 1998, the shipyard has built 298 submarines, including 41 nuclear submarines, as well as 68 submersibles. The specialized submersibles produced include the civilian Sever-2 (1969), Tinro-2 (1972), Bentos (1975-1982), Tetis (1976), Osa, Argus, and Osmotr (1988) types, plus the naval Lima, Uniform, Xray, Beluga, and Paltus classes.[2]
Admiralty Shipyards still specializes in submarine shipbuilding. The most recently built submarines include Kilo class submarines (2,325 DWT) and the smaller Lada class (1,600 DWT). In 1992 Iran purchased two Kilo class submarines for $600 million from the United Admiralty Sudomekh shipyard, with an option to buy a third. The shipyard's latest development is the Amur class submarine, which does not yet have a customer.[2]
A unique deep-sea research vehicle “Consul” is the first Russian deep-diving vehicle of the third generation, capable of diving as deep as 6 kilometers (3.7 mi) and working for 10 hours using a manipulator as well as lifting to the surface a load of up to 200 kilograms (440 lb). The construction of underwater vessels constitutes 70% of the total production volume of the shipyard. Out of all submarines built in the world, 15% by tonnage are produced at the Admiralty Shipyards. [1]
[edit] Oil Tankers
In the 1990s, Admiralty Shipyard became a joint stock company and in 1997 it started construction of ice class tankers of 20,000 DWT, designed for simultaneous transportation of up to four different cargo grades. These tankers have been equipped with the latest automated ships systems of world class. The tanker has double hull and is able to run in solid-ice up to a half-meter thick at a speed of 1½–2 knots. During recent years the shipyard constructed five ships for Russia's largest oil company (Lukoil)—the Astrakhan, Magas, Kaliningrad, Saratov, Usinsk. All of which are working on the Northern Sea Route.[2]
[edit] Present Day
Military shipbuilding consists of orders from the Russian Ministry of Defense and export orders for foreign governments. The shipyard's military orders are primarily submarines, but also include non-military repair, modernization and building of other underwater technical innovations for oceanic development.
Currently the shipyard employs about 10,000 people under the general director Vladimir L. Aleksandrov.
[edit] Facilities and Services
| Building Ways | Length (meters) | Width (meters) | Deadweight (tons) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 open sloping slips | up to 259 | up to 35 | 70,000 |
| 2 covered-in berths | up to 100 | up to 10 | 10,000 |
| 5 covered-in berths | up to 120 | up to 20 | 10,000 |
| Floating dock “Luga” | 92 | 27 | 6,000 |
| Floating dock “SPD-2M” | 92 | 22 | 2,000 |
