93rd United States Congress

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The Ninety-third United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, comprised of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1973 to January 3, 1975, during the second administration of U.S. President Richard Nixon, and the first months of the administration of his successor U.S. President Gerald Ford.

1 Dates of sessions
2 Major events
3 Hearings
4 Major legislation
5 Party summary
- 5.1 Senate
- 5.2 House of Representatives
6 Leadership
- 6.1 Senate
  - 6.1.1 Majority (Democratic) leadership
  - 6.1.2 Minority (Republican) leadership
- 6.2 House of Representatives
  - 6.2.1 Majority (Democratic) leadership
  - 6.2.2 Minority (Republican) leadership
7 Members
- 7.1 Senate
- 7.2 House of Representatives
8 Changes in membership
- 8.1 Senate
- 8.2 House of Representatives
9 Employees
- 9.1 Senate
- 9.2 House of Representatives
10 See also
- 10.1 Elections
11 References
12 External links

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Nineteenth Census of the United States in 1970. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.

[edit] Dates of sessions

January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1975

First session: January 3, 1973 – December 22, 1973
Second session: January 21, 1974 – December 20, 1974

Previous: 92nd Congress • Next: 94th Congress

[edit] Major events

Main articles: 1973 and 1974

1973-01-20 — Second Inauguration of Richard Nixon and Spiro Agnew
1973-01-22 — Roe v. Wade
1973-01-27 — Paris Peace Accords
1973-10-10 — Resignation of Vice President Spiro Agnew
1973-10-20 — Saturday Night Massacre
1973-12-06 — Inauguration of Vice President Gerald Ford
1974-08-09 — Resignation of President Richard Nixon
1974-11-05 — United States midterm elections
1974-12-19 — Inauguration of Vice President Nelson Rockefeller

[edit] Hearings

1973-05-17 — Watergate hearings begin
1974-05-09 — Hearing on the Impeachment of President Nixon begins (House of Representatives)

[edit] Major legislation

Main article: List of United States federal legislation#93rd United States Congress

1973-08-13 — Federal Aid Highway Act of 1973, Pub.L. 93-87, title I, 87 Stat. 250
1973-09-26 — Rehabilitation Act, Pub.L. 93-112, 87 Stat. 355
1973-10-01 — Domestic Volunteer Services Act of 1973 (VISTA), Pub.L. 93-113, 87 Stat. 394
1973-11-03 — Amtrak Improvement Act, Pub.L. 93-146, 87 Stat. 548
1973-11-07 — War Powers Resolution, Pub.L. 93-148, 87 Stat. 555
1973-12-28 — Comprehensive Employment and Training Act, Pub.L. 93-203
1973-12-28 — Endangered Species Act, Pub.L. 93-205, 87 Stat. 884
1974-03-07 — Water Resources Development Act of 1974, Pub.L. 93-251, 88 Stat. 34
1974-05-22 — Disaster Relief Act of 1974, Pub.L. 93-288, 88 Stat. 143
1974-05-31 — Research on Aging Act, Pub.L. 93-296, 88 Stat. 184
1974-07-12 — Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974, Pub.L. 93-344, 88 Stat. 297
1974-07-25 — Legal Services Corporation Act, Pub.L. 93-355, 88 Stat. 378
1974-08-21 — Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, Pub.L. 93-380, title V, §513, 88 Stat. 571
1974-09-02 — Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA), Pub.L. 93-406, 88 Stat. 829
1974-09-07 — Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974, Pub.L. 93-415, 88 Stat. 1109
1974-11-26 — National Mass Transportation Assistance Act, Pub.L. 93-503, 88 Stat. 1565
1974-12-03 — Vietnam Era Veterans' Readjustment Assistance Act, Pub.L. 93-508, 88 Stat. 1578
1974-12-16 — Safe Drinking Water Act, Pub.L. 93-523, 88 Stat. 1660
1974-12-31 — Privacy Act of 1974, Pub.L. 93-579, 88 Stat. 1896
1975-01-02 — An Act to Establish Rules of Evidence for Certain Courts and Proceedings, Pub.L. 93-595, 88 Stat. 1926
1975-01-03 — Trade Act of 1974, Pub.L. 93-618, 88 Stat. 1978
1975-01-03 — Hazardous Materials Transportation Act, Pub.L. 93-633, title I, 88 Stat. 2156
1975-01-04 — National Health Planning and Resources Development Act, Pub.L. 93-641, 88 Stat. 2225

[edit] Party summary

[edit] Senate

Membership changed with eight resignations.

Affiliation		Democratic	Independent Democratic	Republican	Conservative	Total	Vacant	Notes
Affiliation						Total		Notes
Members (shading indicates majority caucus)	Begin (1973-01-03)	56	1	42	1	100	0
	1974-01-03	56		41		99	1	William B. Saxbe (R) resigned
	1974-01-04	57				100	0	Howard Metzenbaum (D) took Saxbe's seat
	1974-12-17	56				99	1	Alan Bible (D) resigned
	1974-12-18			42		100	0	Paul Laxalt (R) took Bible's seat
	1974-12-20			41		99	1	Wallace F. Bennett (R) resigned
	1974-12-21			42		100	0	Jake Garn (R) took Bennett's seat
	1974-12-23	55				99	1	Howard Metzenbaum (D) resigned
	1974-12-24	56				100	0	John Glenn (D) took Metzenbaum's seat
	1974-12-27	56		41		99	1	Marlow Cook (R) resigned
	1974-12-28	57		41		100	0	Wendell H. Ford (D) took Cook's seat
	1974-12-31	56		40		98	2	Norris Cotton (R), Edward J. Gurney (R), and J. William Fulbright (D) resigned; Louis C. Wyman (R) took Cotton's seat
	1975-01-01	57		40		99	1	Richard Stone (D) took Gurney's seat
Latest voting share		58.6%		40.4%	1.0%
Notes			Caucused with the Democrats

[edit] House of Representatives

Affiliation		Democratic	Republican	Total	Vacant	Notes
Affiliation				Total		Notes
Members (shading indicates majority caucus)	Begin (1973-01-03)	240	192	432	3	Nick Begich (D), Hale Boggs (D), and George W. Collins (D) died before the Congress began. Joe Moakley was elected as an Independent Conservative but changed to Democratic before the Congress began.
	March 6, 1973	240	193	433	2	Don Young (R) took Begich's seat.
	March 20, 1973	241	193	434	1	Lindy Boggs (D) took Hale Boggs's seat.
	May 24, 1973	241	192	433	2	William Mills (R) died.
	June 5, 1973	242	192	434	1	Cardiss Collins (D) took George Collins's seat.
	August 21, 1973		193	435	0	Robert Bauman (R) took Mills's seat.
	October 28, 1973		192	434	1	John Saylor (R) died.
	December 6, 1973		191	433	2	Gerald Ford (R) resigned.
	January 1, 1974		190	432	3	Charles Teague (R) died.
	January 3, 1974		189	431	4	William Keating (R) resigned.
	January 31, 1974		188	430	5	James Harvey (R) resigned.
	1974-02-05	243		431	4	John Murtha (D) took Saylor's seat.
	February 18, 1974	244		432	3	Richard VanderVeen (D) took Ford's seat.
	March 5, 1974	245		433	2	William Mailliard (R) resigned, Robert Lagomarsino (R) took Teague's seat, and Tom Luken (D) took Keating's seat.
	1974-04-23	246		434	1	Bob Traxler (D) took Harvey's seat.
	1974-06-04	247		435	0	John Burton (D) took Mailliard's seat.
	December 31, 1974	245	187	432	3	William Minshall (R), Edith S. Green (D), and Frank M. Clark (D) resigned.
Latest voting share		56.7%	43.3%

[edit] Leadership

President of the Senate Vice President Spiro Agnew	President of the Senate Vice President Gerald Ford
President of the Senate Vice President Nelson Rockefeller	Speaker of the House Carl Albert

[edit] Senate

President of the Senate: Spiro Agnew (R), until October 10, 1973
- Gerald Ford (R), December 6, 1973 – August 9, 1974
- Nelson Rockefeller (R), December 19, 1974 – End
President pro tempore: James Eastland (D)

[edit] Majority (Democratic) leadership

[edit] Minority (Republican) leadership

[edit] House of Representatives

Speaker: Carl Albert (D)

[edit] Majority (Democratic) leadership

[edit] Minority (Republican) leadership

[edit] Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.

Skip to House of Representatives

[edit] Senate

Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 means their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1976; Class 2 means their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1978; and Class 3 means their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1974.

See also: :Category:United States Senators

See also: :Category:United States Congressional Delegations by state

80.1-100% Republican	80.1-100% Democratic
60.1-80% Republican	60.1-80% Democratic

House seats by party holding plurality in state

[edit] House of Representatives

Section contents: Alabama — Alaska — Arizona —Arkansas — California — Colorado — Connecticut — Delaware — Florida — Georgia — Hawaii — Idaho — Illinois — Indiana — Iowa — Kansas — Kentucky — Louisiana — Maine — Maryland — Massachusetts — Michigan — Minnesota — Mississippi — Missouri — Montana — Nebraska — Nevada — New Hampshire — New Jersey — New Mexico — New York — North Carolina — North Dakota — Ohio — Oklahoma — Oregon — Pennsylvania — Rhode Island — South Carolina — South Dakota — Tennessee — Texas — Utah — Vermont — Virginia — Washington — West Virginia — Wisconsin — Wyoming — Non-voting members

See also: Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives

See also: Category:United States Congressional Delegations by state

The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts are preceded by their district numbers.

Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.

[edit] Alabama

[edit] Alaska

A/L. Vacant, until 1973-03-06
- Don Young (R), 1973-03-06–End

[edit] Arizona

[edit] Arkansas

[edit] California

1. Donald H. Clausen (R)
2. Harold T. Johnson (D)
3. John E. Moss (D)
4. Robert L. Leggett (D)
5. Phillip Burton (D)
6. William S. Mailliard (R), resigned March 5, 1974
- 6. John L. Burton (D), elected June 4, 1974
7. Ronald V. Dellums (D)
8. Pete Stark (D)
9. W. Donlon Edwards (D)
10. Charles S. Gubser (R)
11. Leo Ryan (R)
12. Burt L. Talcott (R)
13. Charles M. Teague (R), died January 1, 1974
- 13. Robert J. Lagomarsino (R), elected March 5, 1974
14. Jerome R. Waldie (D)
15. John J. McFall (D)
16. Bernice F. Sisk (D)
17. Paul N. McCloskey, Jr. (R)
18. Robert B. Mathias (R)
19. Chester E. Holifield (D)
20. Carlos J. Moorhead (R)
21. Augustus F. Hawkins (D)
22. James C. Corman (D)
23. Del M. Clawson (R)
24. John H. Rousselot (R)
25. Charles E. Wiggins (R)
26. Thomas M. Rees (D)
27. Barry Goldwater, Jr. (R)
28. Alphonzo E. Bell, Jr. (R)
29. George E. Danielson (D)
30. Edward R. Roybal (D)
31. Charles H. Wilson (D)
32. Craig Hosmer (R)
33. Jerry L. Pettis (R)
34. Richard T. Hanna (D)
35. Glenn M. Anderson (D)
36. William M. Ketchum (R)
37. Yvonne B. Burke (D)
38. George Brown, Jr. (D)
39. Andrew J. Hinshaw (R)
40. Bob Wilson (R)
41. Lionel Van Deerlin (D)
41. Clair W. Burgener (R)
41. Victor V. Veysey (R)

[edit] Colorado

[edit] Connecticut

[edit] Delaware

A/L. Pierre S. du Pont, IV (R)

[edit] Florida

[edit] Georgia

[edit] Hawaii

A/L^[1]. Spark Matsunaga (D)
A/L^[1]. Patsy Mink (D)

[edit] Idaho

1. Steve Symms (R)
2. Orval H. Hansen (R)

[edit] Illinois

1. Ralph Metcalfe (D)
2. Morgan F. Murphy (D)
3. Robert P. Hanrahan (R)
4. Ed Derwinski (R)
5. John C. Kluczynski (D)
6. Harold R. Collier (R)
7. Vacant, until 1973-06-05
- Cardiss Collins (D), 1973-06-05–End
8. Dan Rostenkowski (D)
9. Sidney R. Yates (D)
10. Samuel H. Young (R)
11. Frank Annunzio (D)
12. Philip M. Crane (R)
13. Robert McClory (R)
14. John N. Erlenborn (R)
15. Leslie C. Arends (R)
16. John B. Anderson (R)
17. George M. O'Brien (R)
18. Robert H. Michel (R)
19. Tom Railsback (R)
20. Paul Findley (R)
21. Edward Rell Madigan (R)
22. George E. Shipley (D)
23. Melvin Price (D)
24. Kenneth J. Gray (D)

[edit] Indiana

[edit] Iowa

[edit] Kansas

[edit] Kentucky

[edit] Louisiana

1. F. Edward Hébert (D)
2. Vacant, until 1973-03-20
- Lindy Boggs (D), 1973-03-20–End
3. David C. Treen (R)
4. Joe Waggonner (D)
5. Otto Passman (D)
6. John Rarick (D)
7. John B. Breaux (D)
8. Gillis W. Long (D)

[edit] Maine

1. Peter N. Kyros (D)
2. William Cohen (R)

[edit] Maryland

1. William Mills (R), died 1973-05-24
- Robert Bauman (R), 1975-08-21–End
2. Clarence D. Long (D)
3. Paul Sarbanes (D)
4. Marjorie Holt (R)
5. Lawrence Hogan (R)
6. Goodloe Byron (D)
7. Parren Mitchell (D)
8. Gilbert Gude (R)

[edit] Massachusetts

[edit] Michigan

1. John Conyers, Jr. (D)
2. Marvin L. Esch (R)
3. Garry E. Brown (R)
4. J. Edward Hutchinson (R)
5. Gerald R. Ford, Jr. (R), resigned December 6, 1973
- 5. Richard Vander Veen (D), elected February 18, 1974
6. Charles E. Chamberlain (R)
7. Donald W. Riegle, Jr. (R)
8. R. James Harvey (R), resigned January 31, 1974
- 8. Bob Traxler (D), elected April 23, 1974
9. Guy A. Vander Jagt (R)
10. Elford A. Cederberg (R)
11. Philip E. Ruppe (R)
12. James G. O'Hara (D)
13. Charles C. Diggs, Jr. (D)
14. Lucien N. Nedzi (D)
15. William D. Ford (D)
16. John D. Dingell, Jr. (D)
17. Martha W. Griffiths (D)
18. Robert J. Huber (R)
19. William S. Broomfield (R)

[edit] Minnesota

[edit] Mississippi

[edit] Missouri

[edit] Montana

1. Richard G. Shoup (R)
2. John Melcher (D)

[edit] Nebraska

[edit] Nevada

A/L. David Towell (R)

[edit] New Hampshire

1. Louis C. Wyman (R)
2. James C. Cleveland (R)

[edit] New Jersey

[edit] New Mexico

1. Manuel Lujan, Jr. (R)
2. Harold L. Runnels (D)

[edit] New York

[edit] North Carolina

[edit] North Dakota

A/L. Mark Andrews (R)

[edit] Ohio

1. William J. Keating (R)
2. Donald D. Clancy (R)
3. Charles W. Whalen, Jr. (R)
4. Tennyson Guyer (R)
5. Delbert L. Latta (R)
6. William H. Harsha (R)
7. Clarence J. Brown, Jr. (R)
8. Walter E. Powell (R)
9. Thomas W. L. Ashley (D)
10. Clarence E. Miller (R)
11. J. William Stanton (R)
12. Samuel L. Devine (R)
13. Charles A. Mosher (R)
14. John F. Seiberling (D)
15. Chalmers P. Wylie (R)
16. Ralph S. Regula (R)
17. John M. Ashbrook (R)
18. Wayne L. Hays (D)
19. Charles J. Carney (D)
20. James V. Stanton (D)
21. Louis Stokes (D)
22. Charles A. Vanik (D)
23. William E. Minshall, Jr. (R), resigned December 31, 1974
- Vacant, 1975-01-01-End
24. Walter E. Powell (R)

[edit] Oklahoma

[edit] Oregon

1. Wendell Wyatt (R)
2. Albert C. Ullman (D)
3. Edith S. Green (D), resigned December 31, 1974
4. John R. Dellenback (R)

[edit] Pennsylvania

1. William A. Barrett (D)
2. Robert N.C. Nix, Sr. (D)
3. William J. Green, III (D)
4. Joshua Eilberg (D)
5. John H. Ware III (R)
6. Gus Yatron (D)
7. Lawrence G. Williams (R)
8. Edward G. Biester, Jr. (R)
9. Bud Shuster (R)
10. Joseph M. McDade (R)
11. Daniel J. Flood (D)
12. John P. Saylor (R), died October 28, 1973
- John Murtha (D), elected February 5, 1974
13. R. Lawrence Coughlin (R)
14. William S. Moorhead (D)
15. Frederick B. Rooney (D)
16. Edwin D. Eshleman (R)
17. Herman T. Schneebeli (R)
18. H. John Heinz III (R)
19. George A. Goodling (R)
20. Joseph M. Gaydos (D)
21. John H. Dent (D)
22. Thomas E. Morgan (D)
23. Albert W. Johnson (R)
24. Joseph P. Vigorito (D)
25. Frank M. Clark (D), resigned December 31, 1974
- Vacant, 1975-01-01–End

[edit] Rhode Island

2. Fernand St. Germain (D)
1. Robert Tiernan (D)

[edit] South Carolina

[edit] South Dakota

1. Frank E. Denholm (D)
2. James Abdnor (R)

[edit] Tennessee

[edit] Texas

[edit] Utah

1. K. Gunn McKay (D)
2. Wayne Owens (D)

[edit] Vermont

A/L. Richard W. Mallary (R)

[edit] Virginia

[edit] Washington

[edit] West Virginia

[edit] Wisconsin

[edit] Wyoming

A/L. Teno Roncalio (D)

[edit] Non-voting members

District of Columbia. Walter E. Fauntroy (D)
Guam. Antonio Borja Won Pat (D)
Puerto Rico. Jaime Benitez (PPD)
U.S. Virgin Islands. Ron de Lugo (D)

[edit] Changes in membership

[edit] Senate

State	Vacator	Reason for Vacancy	Successor	Date of Successor's Installation
Ohio	William B. Saxbe (R)	Resigned 1974-01-03 to become Attorney General	Howard Metzenbaum (D)	Appointed 1974-01-04
Nevada	Alan Bible (D)	Resigned 1974-12-17	Paul Laxalt (R)	Appointed 1974-12-18, having already been elected to the seat
Utah	Wallace F. Bennett (R)	Resigned 1974-12-20	Jake Garn (R)	Appointed 1974-12-21, having already been elected to the seat
Ohio	Howard Metzenbaum (D)	Resigned 1974-12-23	John Glenn (D)	Appointed 1974-12-24, having already been elected to the seat
Kentucky	Marlow Cook (R)	Resigned 1974-12-27, to give successor preferential seniority	Wendell H. Ford (D)	Appointed 1974-12-28, having already been elected to the seat
New Hampshire	Norris Cotton (R)	Resigned 1974-12-31	Louis C. Wyman (R)	Appointed 1974-12-31, having already been elected to the seat
Florida	Edward J. Gurney (R)	Resigned 1974-12-31, in an influence peddling scandal	Richard Stone (D)	Appointed 1975-01-01, having already been elected to the seat
Arkansas	J. William Fulbright (D)	Resigned 1974-12-31	Vacant until next Congress

[edit] House of Representatives

See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives

There were three deaths, seven resignations, and three vacancies before this Congress began.

District	Vacator	Reason for Vacancy	Successor	Date of successor's taking office
Alaska At-large	None	Nick Begich (D) and Hale Boggs (D) were lost in a plane crash on October 16, 1972, re-elected posthumously, and were declared dead before the new Congress convened.	Don Young (R)	March 6, 1973
Louisiana 2nd			Lindy Boggs (D)	March 20, 1973
Illinois 7th		George W. Collins (D), died 1972-12-08 before the Congress began	Cardiss Collins (D)	June 5, 1973
Maryland 1st	William Mills (R)	Committed suicide May 24, 1973	Robert Bauman (R)	August 21, 1973
Pennsylvania 12th	John Saylor (R)	Died October 28, 1973	John Murtha (D)	1974-02-05
Michigan 5th	Gerald Ford (R)	Resigned December 6, 1973 to become Vice President	Richard VanderVeen (D)	February 18, 1974
California 13th	Charles Teague (R)	Died January 1, 1974	Robert Lagomarsino (R)	1974-03-05
Ohio 1st	William Keating (R)	Resigned January 3, 1974	Tom Luken (D)	March 5, 1974
Michigan 8th	James Harvey (R)	Resigned January 31, 1974	Bob Traxler (D)	1974-04-23
California 6th	William Mailliard (R)	Resigned March 5, 1974	John Burton (D)	1974-06-04
Ohio 25th	William Minshall (R)	Resigned December 31, 1974	Remained vacant until next Congress
Oregon 3	Edith S. Green (D)	Resigned December 31, 1974	Remained vacant until next Congress
Pennsylvania 25th	Frank M. Clark (D)	Resigned December 31, 1974	Remained vacant until next Congress

[edit] Employees

Architect of the Capitol: George M. White

[edit] Senate

Secretary: Francis R. Valeo
Sergeant at Arms: William H. Wannall
Chaplain: Edward L.R. Elson (Presbyterian)
Democratic Party Secretary: J. Stanley Kimmitt
Republican Party Secretary: J. Mark Trice
- William Hildenbrand

[edit] House of Representatives

Clerk: W. Pat Jennings of Virginia
Sergeant at Arms: Kenneth R. Harding of Virginia
Doorkeeper: William M. Miller of Mississippi, resigned December 31, 1974
- James T. Molloy of New York, interim
Postmaster: H. H. Morris of Kentucky: Robert V. Rota of Pennsylvania
Parliamentarian: Lewis Deschler, retired June 27, 1974
- William Holmes Brown, appointed June 27, 1974
Chaplain: Edward G. Latch Methodist

[edit] See also

[edit] Elections

[edit] References

^ ^a ^b Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket

Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.