5"/54 caliber Mark 45 gun
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Mark 45 - 5-inch/54-caliber lightweight gun | |
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5"/54 Mark 45 firing |
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Type | Naval gun |
Place of origin | United States |
Service history | |
In service | Mark 45 Mod 0 - 1971 Mark 45 Mod 1 - 1980 Mark 45 Mod 2 - 1988 |
Used by | Australia, Cambodia, Denmark, Greece, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, Spain, Turkey, Thailand, United States |
Production history | |
Designed | 1968 |
Manufacturer | BAE Systems Land and Armaments |
Specifications | |
Weight | 21.7 tons shell: up to 70 lb (32 kg) |
Length | 29.5 ft (9 m) |
Barrel length | 22.5 ft (6.86 m) 19.1 ft (5.82 m) (rifling) 8,000 rounds (barrel life) |
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Caliber | 5 in (127 mm) |
Elevation | 65 / -15 degrees rate: 20 degree/s |
Traverse | 170 degrees either side of centerline rate: 30 degree/s |
Rate of fire | 16-20 rounds per minute automatic |
Muzzle velocity | 2,650 ft/s (808 m/s) full service charge 1,500 ft/s (460 m/s) reduced charge for defilade fire or illumination rounds |
Effective range | 13 nautical miles (24 km) |
Feed system | 600 rounds (Ticonderoga class) 680 rounds (Arleigh Burke class) 475–500 rounds (Other classes) |
The 5-Inch/54-caliber (Mk 45) lightweight gun is a modern naval artillery gun mount consisting of a 5-inch (127 mm) L54 Mark 19 gun on the Mark 45 mount. It is designed to be used against surface warships, for anti-aircraft use and shore bombardment to support amphibious operations.
The gun mount features an automatic loader with a capacity of 20 rounds. These can be fired under full automatic control, taking a little over a minute to exhaust those rounds at maximum fire rate. For sustained use, the gun mount would be occupied (below deck) by a three-man crew (gun captain, panel operator, and ammunition loader) to keep the gun supplied with ammunition. An advanced version, the Mk 45 mod 4 lightweight gun, uses a longer barrel (62 calibers in length versus 54) for more complete propellant combustion, higher velocity and greater utility as a land attack weapon.
Contents |
[edit] History
Development started in the 1960s as a replacement for the 5-inch/54 Mark 42 gun system with a new, lighter, and easier to maintain gun mounting. In USN use, the Mark 45 is used with either the Mk 86 Gun Fire Control System or the Mk 160 Gun Computing System. Since before World War II, 5" has been the standard gun caliber for US naval ships. While its rate of fire is lower than the British 4.5-inch (114 mm) gun, the heavier 5" projectile has better utility in attacking warships, and carries a larger Burst charge, which grants it greater per-shell effectiveness against aircraft.
[edit] Variants
- Mod 0 - used mechanical fuze setter. Two piece rifled construction, with replaceable liner
- Mod 1 - electronic fuze setter replaces the mechanical one. Made with a unitary construction barrel, which has a life span approximately twice that of the Mark 42 gun.
[edit] Use
In sustained firing operations (Mode III), the gun is manned by a three-man crew all located below decks. These are a gun captain, a panel operator, and ammunition loader. In fully automatic non-sustained firing operations (Mode IV), the gun can be fired without any personnel inside the mount. However, sustained fire is limited to the capacity of the automatic loader (20 rounds).
[edit] United States Navy
- Arleigh Burke class destroyer - (DDG-51 to DDG-80) guided missile destroyer
- California class cruisers
- Kidd class destroyers
- Spruance class destroyers
- Tarawa class amphibious assault ships (later removed)
- Ticonderoga guided missile cruisers
- Virginia class cruisers
[edit] Australia and New Zealand
[edit] Denmark
[edit] Greece
- Hydra class frigates
[edit] Japan
- Atago class guided missile destroyers
[edit] Spain
[edit] South Korea
- King Sejong the Great guided missile destroyer
[edit] Thailand
- Naresuan class frigates
[edit] Turkey
- Barbaros class frigates
- Yavuz class frigates