4-aminobutyrate transaminase

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In enzymology, a 4-aminobutyrate transaminase (EC 2.6.1.19) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

4-aminobutanoate + 2-oxoglutarate $\rightleftharpoons$ succinate semialdehyde + L-glutamate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 4-aminobutanoate and 2-oxoglutarate, whereas its two products are succinate semialdehyde and L-glutamate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the transaminases, which transfer nitrogenous groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 4-aminobutanoate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase. Other names in common use include beta-alanine-oxoglutarate transaminase, aminobutyrate aminotransferase, beta-alanine aminotransferase, beta-alanine-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, gamma-aminobutyrate aminotransaminase, gamma-aminobutyrate transaminase, gamma-aminobutyrate-alpha-ketoglutarate aminotransferase, gamma-aminobutyrate-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase, gamma-aminobutyrate:alpha-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, gamma-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase, gamma-aminobutyric acid pyruvate transaminase, gamma-aminobutyric acid transaminase, gamma-aminobutyric acid-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase, gamma-aminobutyric acid-alpha-ketoglutaric acid aminotransferase, gamma-aminobutyric acid-2-oxoglutarate transaminase, gamma-aminobutyric transaminase, 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, 4-aminobutyrate-2-ketoglutarate aminotransferase, 4-aminobutyrate-2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, 4-aminobutyrate-2-oxoglutarate transaminase, 4-aminobutyric acid 2-ketoglutaric acid aminotransferase, 4-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase, aminobutyrate aminotransferase, aminobutyrate transaminase, GABA aminotransferase, GABA transaminase, GABA transferase, GABA-alpha-ketoglutarate aminotransferase, GABA-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase, GABA-alpha-ketoglutaric acid transaminase, GABA-alpha-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, GABA-2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, GABA-2-oxoglutarate transaminase, GABA-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, GABA-oxoglutarate transaminase, glutamate-succinic semialdehyde transaminase, and GabT. This enzyme participates in 5 metabolic pathways: glutamate metabolism, alanine and aspartate metabolism, beta-alanine metabolism, propanoate metabolism, and butanoate metabolism. It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.

1 Structural studies
2 References
3 External links
- 3.1 Gene Ontology (GO) codes

[edit] Structural studies

As of late 2007, 9 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1OHV, 1OHW, 1OHY, 1SF2, 1SFF, 1SZK, 1SZS, 1SZU, and 2EO5.

[edit] References

IUBMB entry for 2.6.1.19
BRENDA references for 2.6.1.19 (Recommended.)
PubMed references for 2.6.1.19
PubMed Central references for 2.6.1.19
Google Scholar references for 2.6.1.19
Scott EM, Jakoby WB (1959). "Soluble gamma-aminobutyric-glutamic transaminase from Pseudomonas fluorescens". J. Biol. Chem. 234: 932–936. PMID 13654294.
Aurich H (1961). "Ueber die beta-Alanin-alpha-Ketoglutarat-Transaminase aus Neurospora crassa". Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem. 326: 25–33.
Schousboe A, Wu JY, Roberts E (1973). "Purification and characterization of the 4-aminobutyrate:2-ketoglutarate transaminase from mouse brain". Biochemistry 12: 2868–73. doi:10.1021/bi00739a015. PMID 4719123.