36th Engineer Brigade (United States)
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| 36th Engineer Brigade | |
|---|---|
 36th Engineer Brigade shoulder sleeve insignia |
|
| Active | 1993-Present |
| Country | United States |
| Allegiance | United States Army |
| Branch | Active Duty |
| Role | Combat Engineering |
| Size | Brigade |
| Part of | III Corps |
| Garrison/HQ | Fort Hood, Texas |
| Motto | Stay Rugged |
| Engagements | World War II Korean War Gulf War Operation Iraqi Freedom Operation Enduring Freedom |
| Decorations | Meritorious Unit Commendation (3: Korea 1953, Korea 1954, Southwest Asia 1990-1991) Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation (Korea 1950-1952) |
| Insignia | |
| Distinctive Unit Insignia |  |
The 36th Engineer Brigade is a combat engineer brigade based at Fort Hood, Texas. The brigade is a subordinate unit of III Corps.
The unit is responsible for providing command & control to subordinate Engineer units. The unit was formerly designated as the 36th Engineer Group, and before that as the 36th Engineer Regiment. The 36th is the only unit that has been organized in all three command structures that are commanded by a Colonel in the U.S. Army; regiment, group, and brigade.
With a lineage that dates back to 1933, the 36th Engineer Brigade saw action in the North African Campaign and the Italian Campaign, and it eventually participated it the invasion of mainland Europe. Trained in amphibious assault, the brigade saw its role changed several times, from combat engineers to front line infantry. It would later serve in the Korean War, earning several unit decorations. Recently, it has seen tours of duty in both Iraq and Afghanistan.
Contents |
[edit] Organization
The 20th Engineer Brigade is part of III Corps, and consists of a Headquarters and Headquarters Company and a Special Troops Battalion, which are headquartered at Fort Hood, Texas.[1] In addition, the brigade has four engineering battalions permanently assigned to it; the 8th Engineer Battalion,[2] the 20th Engineer Battalion,[3] and the 62nd Engineer Battalion (Heavy),[4] all headquartered at Fort Hood, as well as the 11th Engineer Battalion headquartered at Fort Benning, Georgia.[5] These battalions are the supporting force behind numerous construction projects undertaken for Fort Hood and III Corps. Additionally, the 507th Firefighting Detachment and the 557th Firefighting Detachment are also assigned to the brigade.
The brigade was the first of the US Army's Engineer Brigades to be converted to a modular design.[6] This means that the Brigade can be deployed and sustain itself independently, without a division or corps level command supporting it. Additionally, the brigade's design allows it to take command of additional units within a theatre of operations, allowing for greater versatility on the battlefield.[7]
[edit] History
[edit] World War II
The 36th Engineer Brigade was originally constituted on 1 October 1933[8] as the 36th Engineer Regiment and activated on 1 June 1941 at Plattsburg Barracks, New York.[6] During World War II the 36th Engineer Regiment consisted of nine combat engineer companies trained for amphibious assault and support operations. Because of this training, the unit’s distinctive insignia was designed with a seahorse on a red and white shield.[6]
The brigade was deployed to the North African Campaign in 1942, participating in Operation Torch, where it conducted its first amphibious assault and earning the brigade its first campaign streamer for the battle around Algeria and French Morocco.[6] It would continue supporting Allied units as they pushed Axis forces out of North Africa during the Tunisia Campaign.[8]
The brigade would then participate in the Battle of Sicily, conducting its second amphibious landing along with the 7th Army. It would push on with the rest of the force, eventually forcing German and Italian forces off of the island. The Brigade followed in the quick invasion of mainland Italy soon after, with an amphibious assault in the Naples-Foggia area, followed closely by another landing in support of Operation Shingle, near Anzio. For fifty days, during Operation Shingle, soldiers of the brigade held 7 miles (11 km) of the front line and earned the distinction by the German army as “The Little Seahorse Division”.[6]
The unit subsequently participated in the invasion of southern France in 1944, code named Operation Dragoon, conducting its fifth and final amphibious assault of the war.[6][9] It would support Allied units through three additional campaigns up until the end of the war; the Rhineland Campaign, the Ardennes-Alsace Campaign, and the Central Europe Campaign.[8]
[edit] Korean War
On 15 February 1945, the unit was redesignated as the 36th Engineer Combat Group,[8] and following World War II it reorganized at Fort Lewis, Washington. The unit was broken up, its three battalions redesignated as the 2826th Combat Engineer Battalion, the 2827th Combat Engineer Battalion, and the 2828th Combat Engineer Battalion, respectively. They then assumed separate lineage, and the Regiment itself was inactivated on November 30, 1946 in Austria.[8]
Reactivated on May 5, 1947 at Fort Lewis, Washington,[8] the unit officially became the 36th Engineer Group on April 10, 1953.[8] During the Korean War, the 36th Engineer Combat Group consisted of four engineer battalions and four additional engineer companies, earning two Meritorious Unit Citations and the Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation.[6][9] It served in the Korean theater from 1950 until 1954, earning nine campaign streamers while supporting other army units in numerous engineering and construction projects for III Corps.[8]
After its withdrawal from Korea, the unit did not participate in any notable campaigns until its inactivation on 30 May 1972 at Fort Lewis.[8] It was reactivated shortly after on 1 July 1973 as the 36th Engineer Group (Construction) at Fort Benning, Georgia.[8] It would see no conflicts until the start of the Gulf War. In 1989, it participated in "Exercise Camino De La Paz," an unscheduled exercise conducted in the first half of 1989 on the Osa Peninsula of Costa Rica.[10]
[edit] Present day
During the 1991 Gulf War, the 36th Engineer Group (Construction) fought in support of the 24th Infantry Division’s rapid attack to the Euphrates. The unit also deployed in support of peace enforcement missions during Operation Continue Hope in Somalia and Operation Uphold Democracy in Haiti. Most recently, the 36th Engineer Group (Construction) has twice deployed to Iraq in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom, executing a wide variety of construction missions in support of combat operations, including the construction of enemy prisoner of war camps, theater convoy support centers, and soldier life support areas.[6] Some of the soldiers from the unit were still in Iraq as late as October 2007.[11]
On 16 June 2006, the unit was reorganized and redesignated the 36th Engineer Brigade.[8][9][12] The brigade supports operations conducted by the 82nd Airborne Division. It is part of Task Force Rugged, and among its duties are training Afghan citizens in skilled labor and other nationbuilding operations.[13] Some elements of the unit, including its commander, have been serving in Afghanistan since February 2007, while other elements of the unit served in Iraq.[14]
[edit] Honors
[edit] Unit decorations
| Ribbon | Award | Year | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
 |
Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army) | 1953 | for service in Korea |
|
Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army) | 1954 | for service in Korea |
|
Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army) | 1990-1991 | for service in Southwest Asia |
 |
Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation | 1950-1952 | for service in Korea |
[edit] Campaign streamers
| Conflict | Streamer | Year(s) |
|---|---|---|
| World War II | Algeria-French Morocco (with Arrowhead) | 1942 |
| World War II | Tunisia | 1942-1943 |
| World War II | Sicily (with Arrowhead) | 1943 |
| World War II | Naples-Foggia (with Arrowhead) | 1943 |
| World War II | Anzio (wirth Arrowhead) | 1943 |
| World War II | Rome-Arno | 1944 |
| World War II | Southern France (with Arrowhead) | 1944 |
| World War II | Rhineland | 1944-1945 |
| World War II | Ardennes-Alsace | 1944-1945 |
| World War II | Central Europe | 1945 |
| Korean War | UN Offensive | 1950 |
| Korean War | CCF Intervention | 1950 |
| Korean War | First UN Counteroffensive | 1950 |
| Korean War | CCF Spring Offensive | 1951 |
| Korean War | UN Summer-Fall Offensive | 1951 |
| Korean War | Second Korean Winter | 1951-1952 |
| Korean War | Korea, Summer-Fall 1952 | 1952 |
| Korean War | Third Korean Winter | 1952-1953 |
| Korean War | Korea, Summer 1953 | 1953 |
| Gulf War | Defense of Saudi Arabia | 1991 |
| Gulf War | Liberation and Defense of Kuwait | 1991 |
| Operation Enduring Freedom | Afghanistan (CSES) | 2002-2003 |
| Operation Iraqi Freedom | Iraq | 2006-2007 |
| Operation Enduring Freedom | Afghanistan | 2007-present |
[edit] References
- ^ Fort Hood Homepage: III Corps Major Formations, United States Army. Retrieved 04-10-2008.
- ^ 8th Engineer Battalion Homepage: History 8th Engineer Battalion Staff. Retrieved 04-10-2008.
- ^ 20th Engineer Battalion Homepage, 20th Engineer Battalion Staff. Retrieved 04-10-2008.
- ^ 62nd Engineer Battalion Homepage: History, 62nd Engineer Battalion Staff. Retrieved 04-10-2008.
- ^ 11th Engineer Brigade Homepage: History, 11th Engineer Brigade Staff. Retrieved 04-10-2008.
- ^ a b c d e f g h 36th Engineer Brigade Homepage: History, 36th Engineer Brigade Staff. Retrieved 04-10-2008.
- ^ Lead The Way, CSM Clinton J. Pearson, United States Army Engineer School. Retrieved 04-10-2008.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Lineage and Honors: 36th Engineer Brigade, United States Army. Retrieved 04-10-2008
- ^ a b c The Institute of Heraldry: 36th Engineer Brigade, The Institute of Heraldry. Retrieved 05-12-2008.
- ^ Department of the Army Historical Summary: FY 1989, United States Army. Retrieved 04-10-2008.
- ^ More than 150 Fort Hood soldiers return from Iraq, Amanda Kim Stairrett, Killeen Daily Herald. Retrieved 04-10-2008
- ^ US Army Community Relations Calendar, United States Army. Retrieved 04-10-2008.
- ^ Workshop Trains Afghans on Construction Skills, Capt. Ashley Dellavalle, Defenselink.mil news service. Retrieved 04-10-2008.
- ^ DoD News Briefing with Col. Stevens from Afghanistan, Col. Gary Kneck, Department of Defense Press Office. Retrieved 04-10-2008
