23 (number)
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- This article is about the number 23. For the year, see 23. For the movie, see 23 (film). For other uses, see 23 (disambiguation)
| 23 | |
|---|---|
| Cardinal | twenty-three |
| Ordinal | 23rd (twenty-third) |
| Factorization | prime |
| Divisor(s) | 1, 23 |
| Roman numeral | XXIII |
| Binary | 10111 |
| Octal | 27 |
| Hexadecimal | 17 |
23 (twenty-three) is the natural number following 22 and preceding 24.
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[edit] In mathematics
Twenty-three is the ninth prime number, the smallest odd prime which is not a twin prime. Twenty-three is also the fifth factorial prime, the second Woodall prime. It is an Eisenstein prime with no imaginary part and real part of the form 3n − 1. In base 10, it is the second Smarandache-Wellin prime, as it is the concatenation of the base 10 representations of the first two primes (2 and 3) and is itself also prime.
The fifth Sophie Germain prime and the fourth safe prime, 23 is the next to last member of the first Cunningham chain of the first kind to have five terms (2, 5, 11, 23, 47). Since 14 + 1 is a multiple of 23 but 23 is not one more than a multiple 14, 23 is a Pillai prime. 23 is the smallest odd prime to be a highly cototient number, as the solution to x - φ(x) for the integers 95, 119, 143, 529.
In the list of Fortunate numbers, 23 occurs twice, since adding 23 to either the fifth or eighth primorial gives a prime number (namely 2333 and 9699713).
23 also has the distinction of being one of two integers that cannot be expressed as the sum of fewer than 9 cubes of integers (the other is 239). See Waring's problem.
23 is a Wedderburn-Etherington number and the sixth happy number. The codewords in the perfect (non-extended) binary Golay code are of size 23.
23 is the first prime P for which unique factorization of cyclotomic integers based on the P'th root of unity breaks down.
According to the birthday paradox, in a group of 23 (or more) randomly chosen people, the probability is more than 50% that some pair of them will have the same birthday.
There were 23 problems on David Hilbert's famous list of unsolved mathematical problems, presented to the International Congress of Mathematicians in Paris in 1900.
23! is 23 digits long in base 10. There are only three other numbers that have this property: 1, 22, and 24.
[edit] In science
- The atomic number of vanadium and the approximate atomic mass (in u) of sodium.
- Human sex cells have 23 chromosomes. Other human cells have 46 chromosomes, arranged in pairs.
- The earth tilts at an axis of 23.5 degrees.
- It takes blood 23 seconds to flow through the human body.
- The human brain contains roughly 23 billion neurons, each linked to as many as 10,000 other neurons.
[edit] In technology
23 is the TCP/IP port used for telnet and is the default for the telnet command.
[edit] In religion
- [[]] (Psalm is the 23rd book in the Douay Catholic bible), also known as the Shepherd Psalm, is possibly the most quoted and best known psalm.
- In Islam, the Qur'an was revealed in a total of 23 years to Muhammad.[1][2]
- In Abhidharma, the number of anomalous generic types (of a possible 72) - e.g., events are considered sui generis because they are not reducible to either mind or matter - is 23.
- Principia Discordia, the sacred text of Discordianism, holds that 23 (along with 5) is the sacred number of Eris, goddess of discord.
[edit] In sports
- Michael Jordan wore number 23, with the exception of a short period of time, when he played professional basketball with the Chicago Bulls and, later, the Washington Wizards.
- LeBron James wears number 23.
- Don Mattingly of the New York Yankees wore number 23. The New York Yankees retired the number in 1997.
- Ryne Sandberg, of the Chicago Cubs, wore number 23. His number was retired on August 28, 2005.
- Bob Nystrom of the New York Islanders wore number 23 and has had the number retired in his honour.
- Manchester City F.C. have not assigned the squad number 23 to any player since 2003. This is because Marc-Vivien Foé, the player who collapsed and died while playing for Cameroon on June 26, 2003, had held this squad number at Manchester City.
- 23 is the highest number in Football World Cup squads.
- David Beckham wore 23 for Real Madrid which he chose because of Michael Jordan's wearing of the number. Also he chose this number as it is a prime number, as was 7 (his previous shirt number). He continues to wear it at his new club, L.A. Galaxy.
- Australian cricketers Michael Clark and Shane Warne wear the number 23.
- Pete Maravich wore 23 in college at Louisiana State University.
[edit] In music
The doorway David Bowie stands in on the Ziggy Stardust album is number 23.
- Several songs and albums use the number 23 as their titles, including Tristan Prettyman's debut album, the eleventh song from Tool's fourth full-length studio album 10,000 Days, "Viginti Tres" (Latin for twenty-three).
- Blonde Redhead have the album '23' and the song with the same name.
- Jimmy Eat World's song "23" appeared on their album Futures. The number also appears in the songs "Christmas Card" and "12.23.95" as well as on some items of clothing produced by the band.
- Four tet and Yellowcard both have songs titled "Twenty-Three".
- The song "Aquarius", by Boards of Canada, runs through a series of random spoken numbers which ends with the number twenty-three.
- On the album Enema of the State the song What's My Age Again by Blink 182. There is a line that goes "nobody likes you when you're 23"
[edit] In film and television
- 23 is a German film about Karl Koch
- The Number 23 is a 2007 film starring Jim Carrey.
- 23 is the fifth of the mystical numbers--4, 8, 15, 16, 23, and 42--in Lost.
- On the show One Tree Hill, 23 is depicted in many ways throughout the series.
- In the movie Final Destination 2 the initial disaster that sets the events going happens on 'route 23'. also Kimberly, the protoganist of the movie, looks on the sign to see how far the next garage to repair her SUV. the closest garage is 23km away.
- Mr. Hong-Tow a Japanese physiologist would often paint the number 23 on his body
[edit] In other fields
- 23 plays a prominent role in the plot of the Illuminatus! Trilogy by Robert Shea and Robert Anton Wilson.
- 23 skidoo was a 20th Century American slang phrase.
- Dr Pepper is advertised as having 23 flavors.
- Titanic Sunk on April 15, 1912 (1 + 5 + 0 + 4 + 1 + 9 + 1 + 2 = 23)
- The World Trade Center was attacked on September 11, 2001 (9 + 11 + 2 + 0 + 0 + 1 = 23)
- Julius Caesar was stabbed 23 times when he was assassinated.
[edit] References
- ^ Living Religions: An Encyclopaedia of the World's Faiths, Mary Pat Fisher, 1997, page 338, I.B. Tauris Publishers,
- ^ Qur'an, Chapter 17, Verse 106
