2005 Ethiopian police massacres
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The Ethiopian police massacre refers to the violence during June and November 2005 which led to the deaths of 193 protesters, mostly in the capital Addis Ababa, following the May 2005 elections in Ethiopia.
Protests of the results, led by the Coalition for Unity and Democracy (CUD), began on November 1, 2005, and have prompted more than 60,000 arrests. Live gunfire from government forces has been directed at protesters and bystanders. All the top opposition leaders were arrested, as was the mayor-elect of Addis Ababa. [1]
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[edit] Aftermath
[edit] Death Toll
On October 18, 2006 an independent report said Ethiopian police massacred 193 protesters. The information was leaked before the official independent report was handed to the parliament. The leak made by Ethiopian judge Wolde-Michael Meshesha found that that the government had concealed the true extent of deaths at the hands of the police.[2] Gemechu Megerssa, a member of the independent Inquiry commission, whom Justice Meshesha once worked with, criticized Justice Meshesha's act, stating that by taking the report "out of context and presenting it to the public to sensationalise the situation for his political end is highly unethical".[3]
The official report described by the parliament and the government gave the exact same details as the leaked inquiry. It said that 200 people had been killed, including 40 teenagers. Six policemen were also killed and some 763 people injured. Police records showed 20,000 people were initially arrested during the anti-government protests.[4] The commission members living in Addis Ababa also criticised the government:
We are not saying the government was totally clean. The government has a lot to be accountable for. The mentality of the police needs to be changed, and then we will be able to minimize those kinds of casualties in the future. Building of [democratic] institutions is required, but that is going to take time. [So] The government was not prepared to tackle violence like that which took place last year. They could have brought an alternative way of dispersing rioting crowds.[5][6]
But, the Independent Inquiry's members added, Mr Meshesha's trip to Europe and reporting of information out of context was "dishonest" politics as well as insensitive to the process of developing Ethiopia's young democracy. The Commission said Ethiopians need to solve their problems themselves so that this kind of violence wouldn't recur. It encouraged Ethiopians who respect authority to work together, and directed the government to "think seriously" about changing the mentality of the police.[7]
[edit] Reactions
Despite the post-election complications, the Carter Center, US Government and British MPs continued to praise the democratic process in Ethiopia, but have each demanded the release of CUD leaders. After meeting with some opposition parties, the British MPs stated that the Ethiopian government should stand firmly against those who try to use "undemocratic and unconstitutional means" to change government.[8] The other top opposition parties, the United Ethiopian Democratic Forces (UEDF) and the United Ethiopian Democratic Party-Medhin Party (UEPD-Medhin), are working with the government for negotiations on the democratic process.[9] Opposition parties are still represented in the Ethiopian Parliament, where representatives from Oromia State hold most positions, and representatives from Amhara State hold the second most positions, in correlation with the comparative population of the corresponding states.[10] Various opposition parties including the UEDF, UEPD-Medhin, Somali People's Democratic Party, EDL, Gambela People's Democratic Movement, All Ethiopian Unity Party, Oromo Federalist Democratic Movement and the Benishangul-Gumuz People's Democratic Unity Front hold positions in the parliament.[11]
[edit] Prisoners
Until June 2007, many of the main opposition party's (CUD) leaders were detained for an alleged attempt to overthrow the government and initiating the post election violence. All of these charges are denied by CUD leadership both in Ethiopia and internationally, and the European Union advocated for the political prisoners to be released after a speedy trial. Some of these elected CUD officials endured very harsh conditions inside Ethiopia's poorly maintained prisons and they are at risk of various medical complications. As a result of the violence after the elections, many thousands were arrested and imprisoned. Even though the vast majority have been freed, some still remain in prison. Up to the end of 2005, around 8,000 Ethiopian rioters were freed.[12]
[edit] References
- ^ Why we don't hear about the conflict in the Ogaden. - By Will Connors - Slate Magazine
- ^ Ethiopian protesters 'massacred' (BBC)
- ^ Post-election violence inquiry commission
- ^ BBC NEWS | Africa | Ethiopian protesters 'massacred'
- ^ The Inquiry Commission's report in Addis Ababa
- ^ Commission members speak out
- ^ The Inquiry Commission's final report in Addis Ababa
- ^ "British MPs hail democratic process in Ethiopia" (Sudan Times)
- ^ Opposition parties negotiating with the government
- ^ Opposition parties and EPRDF in the Ethiopian Parliament
- ^ Opposition parties and EPRDF in the Ethiopian Parliament
- ^ 8,000 post election rioters freed from prison
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