2-succinyl-6-hydroxy-2,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylate synthase

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In enzymology, a 2-succinyl-6-hydroxy-2,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylate synthase (EC 2.5.1.64) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

2-oxoglutarate + isochorismate $\rightleftharpoons$ (1S,6R)-6-hydroxy-2-succinylcyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylate + pyruvate + CO₂

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 2-oxoglutarate and isochorismate, whereas its 3 products are (1S,6R)-6-hydroxy-2-succinylcyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylate, pyruvate, and CO₂.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring aryl or alkyl groups other than methyl groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is isochorismate:2-oxoglutarate:cyclodienyltransferase (decarboxylating, pyruvate-forming). Other names in common use include 2-succinyl-6-hydroxy-2,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylate, synthase-alpha-ketoglutarate decarboxylase, 2-succinyl-6-hydroxy-2,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylic acid synthase, 6-hydroxy-2-succinylcyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylate synthase, SHCHC synthase, 2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase/SHCHC synthase, (1R,6R)-2-succinyl-6-hydroxy-2,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylate, synthase, and MenD. This enzyme participates in ubiquinone biosynthesis.

[edit] References

IUBMB entry for 2.5.1.64
BRENDA references for 2.5.1.64 (Recommended.)
PubMed references for 2.5.1.64
PubMed Central references for 2.5.1.64
Google Scholar references for 2.5.1.64
Palaniappan C, Sharma V, Hudspeth ME, Meganathan R (1992). "Menaquinone (vitamin K2) biosynthesis: evidence that the Escherichia coli menD gene encodes both 2-succinyl-6-hydroxy-2,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylic acid synthase and alpha-ketoglutarate decarboxylase activities". J. Bacteriol. 174: 8111–8. PMID 1459959.
Palaniappan C, Taber H, Meganathan R (1994). "Biosynthesis of o-succinylbenzoic acid in Bacillus subtilis: identification of menD mutants and evidence against the involvement of the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex". J. Bacteriol. 176: 2648–53. PMID 8169214.
Bhasin M, Billinsky JL, Palmer DR (2003). "Steady-state kinetics and molecular evolution of Escherichia coli MenD [(1R,6R)-2-succinyl-6-hydroxy-2,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylate synthase], an anomalous thiamin diphosphate-dependent decarboxylase-carboligase". Biochemistry. 42: 13496–504. doi:10.1021/bi035224j. PMID 14621995.
Emmons GT, Campbell IM, Bentley R (1985). "Vitamin K (menaquinone) biosynthesis in bacteria: purification and probable structure of an intermediate prior to o-succinylbenzoate". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 131: 956–60. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(85)91332-4. PMID 3902015.