1995-1999 North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons
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The years from 1995-1999 featured the 1995-1999 North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons. Each season was an ongoing event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. The North Indian tropical cyclone season has no bounds, but they tend to form between April and December, with peaks in May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean.
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[edit] 1995 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
[edit] Tropical Storm One (1B)
Western Pacific Tropical Depression 16W crossed over Vietnam and Myanmar, retaining tropical depression strength over the long passage. It became Tropical Depression 1B on September 13, and continued west-northwestward, slowly consolidating until reaching tropical storm strength on the 16th. It reached a peak of 50 mph (80 km/h) just before hitting the Indian coast. It dissipated 4 days later.
[edit] Tropical Storm Two (2A)
On October 11, a tropical storm formed and began to move westward across the Arabian Sea, but met its demise from vertical shear on October 18.
[edit] Cyclone Three (3B)
The monsoon westerlies spawned a tropical depression on November 5 in the eastern Bay of Bengal. It moved northwestward, becoming a tropical storm on the 5th. Just prior to its Indian landfall on the 9th it reached cyclone strength, but it dissipated over India the next day. The tropical moisture from the system led to a heavy snowfall over the mountains. 62 people were killed from either landslides or avalanches.
[edit] Cyclone Four (4B)
The final storm of the season started on November 18 over northern Sumatra. It moved west-northwestward, reaching tropical storm strength on the 22nd. It continued to intensify as it recurved to the northeast, becoming a cyclone on the 23rd and reaching a peak of 120 mph (190 km/h) on the 24th. It weakened to a 95 mph (153 km/h) cyclone at the time of its Bangladesh landfall on the 25th, and dissipated later that day. The cyclone caused 9 fatalities.
[edit] 1996 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
[edit] Tropical Storm One (1B)
An equatorial wind burst developed two tropical cyclones in early May; Jenna in the Southern Indian Ocean and Tropical Depression 1B in the Bay of Bengal, 240 nautical miles (440 km) northwest of Sumatra. It moved slowly northward without strengthening until the 7th, when it reached its peak of 45 mph (72 km/h) winds. The tropical storm made landfall on the 8th near Cox's Bazar District in Bangladesh, dissipating later that day without causing any damage.
[edit] Tropical Storm Two (2A)
On June 9, a tropical depression formed in the Arabian Sea. It tracked west-northwestward under moderate vertical shear, and slowly strengthened to a tropical storm late on the 10th. It hit Somalia that day, and dissipated on the 12th without causing any reported damage.
[edit] Tropical Storm Three (3B)
The monsoon trough spawned a tropical depression on June 11 over the central Bay of Bengal. It headed northwestward, becoming a tropical storm the next day. As it approached the Indian coastline, it turned northeast, but turned back to the west to hit the Andhra Pradesh coast of India on the 16th. The storm dissipated 2 days later, after bringing torrential rains amounting to the deaths of 175 people and extensive damage.
[edit] Cyclone Four (4A)
The same monsoon trough that developed the previous storm developed another storm on June 15 further west off the Indian coastline. It drifted generally northward, becoming a tropical storm on the 17th. Just prior to its northwestern Indian landfall on the 18th, it strengthened to Cyclone strength, but it slowly dissipated over India, lasting until the 25th. Cyclone 4A brought a storm surge that killed 47 people.
[edit] Cyclone Five (5A)
One of the longest North Indian tropical cyclones in history began its long life in the Bay of Bengal on October 14. It moved westward without much development, and hit the eastern Indian coastline on the 18th. It crossed the country, and emerged into the Arabian Sea on the 20th. It turned to the north, and became a tropical storm on the 22nd. On the 23rd, it reached Cyclone strength, but northeasterly shear weakened it to a depression on the 26th. The system turned southward and southwestward, and restrengthened to a tropical storm on the 27th. The tropical storm continued west-southwestward until upper level shear weakened it to a tropical depression on the 31st. It crossed Socotra Island on the 31st, and dissipated on the 2nd, east of Somalia.
[edit] Tropical Storm Six (6B)
On October 21, a tropical depression formed in the eastern Bay of Bengal. Upper level shear kept it from strengthening as it drifted northwestward until the 25th, when it became a tropical storm. The storm turned northward, and hit near the India/Bangladesh border on the 28th. It quickly dissipated, but a 9-foot (3 m) storm surge killed 14 people.
[edit] Cyclone Seven (7B)
The remnants of Tropical Depression 43W developed into Tropical Depression 7B on November 1. As it tracked westward, it hit southern Myanmar, but quickly re-emerged into the Bay of Bengal. It steadily intensified as it continued westward, becoming a tropical storm on the 4th and a cyclone on the 5th. It continued strengthening up until its eastern Indian landfall to a 140 mph (230 km/h) Cyclone on the 6th. The storm rapidly dissipated over land, after causing widespread flooding and over 1,000 casualties.
[edit] Cyclone Eight (8B)
The monsoon trough spawned the final tropical depression of the season on November 26 in the Bay of Bengal. It headed west-northward, strengthening to a tropical storm on the 28th. It executed a clockwise loop lasting four days, a record for the Bay of Bengal, and became a Cyclone on the 4th after looping. Upper level shear weakened the system to a moderate tropical storm on the 6th at its Indian landfall. The storm resulted in 7 fatalities.
[edit] 1997 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
[edit] Cyclone One (1B)
The equatorial trough spawned a tropical depression on May 13 in the southern Bay of Bengal. It drifted northward, reaching tropical storm strength on the 14th. Favorable upper level winds and generally warm water temperatures allowed the storm to become a cyclone on the 17th. It continued to slowly intensify to a peak of 135 mph (217 km/h) winds on the 19th, and hit Bangladesh later that day at that intensity. It quickly dissipated, after causing significant damage and several hundred casualties.
[edit] Cyclone Two (2B)
On September 19, a tropical depression formed from an area of disturbed weather in the western Bay of Bengal. It drifted northwestward towards the Indian coastline, but a mid-latitude trough pulled it northeastward, The depression strengthened to a tropical storm on the 24th, and it reached cyclone strength while paralleling the Indian coastline on 26th. It made landfall in Bangladesh on the 27th, and dissipated shortly thereafter. Cyclone 2B was responsible for 47 fatalities.
[edit] Tropical Storm Four (4A)
On November 2 a tropical depression developed into a tropical depression over Sri Lanka. It drifted southward, northward, then westward over India. On the 10th, it was upgraded to a tropical storm over the Arabian Sea, and it reached its peak of 65 mph (105 km/h) winds the next day. Wind shear caused the storm to dissipate over the open waters on the 14th.
[edit] Tropical Storm Three (3A)
A broad trough of low pressure formed into a tropical depression on November 4 in the central Arabian Sea. It moved westward, slowly intensifying into a tropical storm on the 8th. Vertical shear weakened it to a depression later that day, but on the 9th, just before making landfall on eastern Somalia, it restrengthened to a tropical storm. Tropical Storm Three dissipated on the 10th without causing any reported damage.
[edit] Typhoon Linda (30W)
Typhoon Linda killed 330 while crossing the Malay Peninsula, emerged into the Bay of Bengal on November 4. It continued westward, reaching cyclone strength again, but vertical shear caused it to dissipate on the 9th.
[edit] 1998 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
[edit] Cyclone One (1B)
A tropical depression that formed on May 13 in the Bay of Bengal moved northward, westward, and northeastward before organizing enough to become a tropical storm on the 18th. The storm continued northward, reaching cyclone strength just before hitting Bangladesh on the 20th. The cyclone was responsible for 12 casualties and moderate damage.
[edit] Tropical Storm Two (2A)
From May 27 to the 29th, a tropical storm moved northwest across the Arabian Sea before dissipating over the open ocean.
[edit] Cyclone Three (3A)
On June 1, Tropical Depression 3A formed just west of Southern India. It tracked northwestward, fluctuating between Tropical Depression and Tropical Storm strength. On the 6th, it strengthened to cyclone strength, and while recurving to the north it reached its peak of 115 mph (185 km/h) winds on the 8th. It weakened slightly, but restrengthened to a 120 mph (190 km/h) Cyclone on the 9th as it was making landfall on the Indian province of Gujarat. The cyclone caused 1,126 fatalities due to flooding and storm surge, as well as $290 million in damage (1998 US Dollars).
[edit] Tropical Storm Four (4A)
Tropical Storm Four spent its entirety in the central Arabian Sea, persisting from September 28 to October 1.
[edit] Tropical Storm Five (5A)
On October 15, a tropical depression developed in the Arabian Sea. It tracked to the east-northeast, reaching tropical storm strength the next day. Vertical shear weakened the system back to the depression by the time it reached the Indian coastline on the 18th.
[edit] Cyclone Six (6B)
A tropical depression formed in the Bay of Bengal on November 13. It moved northwestward, steadily strengthening to a peak of 95 mph (153 km/h) winds. The cyclone hit India at this intensity on the 15th. It dissipated the next day, after causing extensive property and crop damage, as well as 2 deaths.
[edit] Cyclone Seven (7B)
The remnants of Tropical Storm Chip from the Western Pacific developed into Tropical Depression 7B on November 16. It headed northwestward, slowly strengthening to a tropical storm on the 20th. While recurving to the northeast, it reached cyclone strength, but vertical wind shear weakened it to a minimal tropical storm as it made landfall on the 23rd. The storm, which caused a strong storm surge, killed over 100 fishermen.
[edit] Tropical Depression Twenty-Eight (28W)
A tropical depression from the Western Pacific crossed into the Bay of Bengal on December 5. It dissipated later that day.
[edit] Cyclone Eight (8A)
The final storm of the season formed in the Arabian Sea on December 11. It tracked northwestward, reaching tropical storm strength on the 13th and cyclone strength on the 15th. Vertical wind shear weakened it to a minimal tropical storm just before making landfall on Oman on the 17th. It dissipate shortly thereafter.
[edit] 1999 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
[edit] Cyclonic Storm (01B)
| Cyclonic storm (IMD) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Tropical storm (SSHS) | |||
|
|||
| Duration | February 2—February 5 | ||
| Intensity | 75 km/h (45 mph) (1-min), 994 hPa (mbar) | ||
On January 30, Tropical Depression 1B formed in the Bay of Bengal. It moved west-northwestward, becoming a tropical storm on the 2nd before dissipating on the 4th.
[edit] Very Severe Cyclonic Storm (02A)
| Very severe cyclonic storm (IMD) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Category 3 tropical cyclone (SSHS) | |||
|
|||
| Duration | May 16—May 22 | ||
| Intensity | 195 km/h (120 mph) (3-min), 933 hPa (mbar) | ||
.jpg/150px-Tropical_Cyclone_02A_(1999).jpg)
On May 15, a tropical depression formed in the Arabian Sea. It drifted northwestward, becoming a tropical storm on the 16th. The storm moved more quickly to the north, and quickly intensified to a cyclone on the 17th. On the 19th, Cyclone 2A reached its peak of 130 mph (210 km/h) and made landfall on northwestern India at that intensity on the 20th. The cyclone caused 700 deaths and $6 million in damage.
[edit] Tropical Storm 03B
| Tropical storm (SSHS) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|||
| Duration | June 8—June 11 | ||
| Intensity | 65 km/h (40 mph) (1-min), 997 hPa (mbar) | ||
The third tropical storm of the season formed on June 8 over the northern Bay of Bengal. It headed northwestward where it hit northeastern India on the 10th. This storm was not tracked by IMD.
[edit] Depression
A weak depression existed on June 17 before it made landfall near Berhampur.
[edit] Deep Depression
A depression formed on July 27, strengthened slightly before moving inland into the Orissa state on July 28.
[edit] Depression
A depression formed in the northern Bay of Bengal on August 6 and moved inlanda into the Orissa state the next day. It was dissipated by August 8.
[edit] Very Severe Cyclonic Storm (04B)
| Very severe cyclonic storm (IMD) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Category 4 tropical cyclone (SSHS) | |||
|
|||
| Duration | October 15—October 19 | ||
| Intensity | 170 km/h (105 mph) (3-min), 922 hPa (mbar) | ||
.jpg/150px-Tropical_Cyclone_4B_(1999).jpg)
On October 15, a tropical depression formed over the Bay of Bengal. It moved west-northwestward, reaching tropical storm strength later that day. The storm began rapidly intensifying on the 16th, and reached a peak of 140 mph (230 km/h) winds before striking the Orissa region of India on the 17th. The cyclone dissipted on the 18th, after resulting in over 80 casualties.
[edit] Super Cyclonic Storm (05B)
| Super cyclonic storm (IMD) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Category 5 tropical cyclone (SSHS) | |||
|
|||
| Duration | October 25—November 3 | ||
| Intensity | 260 km/h (160 mph) (3-min), 912 hPa (mbar) | ||
- Main article: 1999 Orissa cyclone
A tropical depression formed over the Malay Peninsula on October 25. It moved to the northwest and became a tropical storm on October 26. It continued to strengthen into a cyclone on the 27th. On October 28, it became a severe cyclone with a peak of 160 mph (260 km/h) winds. It hit India the next day as a 155 mph (249 km/h) cyclone. It caused the deaths of over 9,803 people, and heavy to extreme damage in its path of destruction.
[edit] Depression
A weak depression persisted in the southern Bay of Bengal from December 8 to December 10.
[edit] Sources
[edit] See also
- List of North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons
- List of tropical cyclones
- Tropical cyclone
- Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale
- Pacific hurricane seasons: 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
- Atlantic hurricane seasons: 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
- Pacific typhoon seasons: 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
