1940-1949 Pacific typhoon seasons
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The decade of the 1940s featured the 1940-1949 Pacific typhoon seasons. The seasons had no official bounds, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean, north of the equator and west of the international date line. Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes; see 1940-1949 Pacific hurricane seasons. Tropical storms formed in the entire west pacific basin were assigned a name by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Tropical depressions in this basin have the "W" suffix added to their number. Tropical depressions that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility are assigned a name by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration or PAGASA. This can often result in the same storm having two names.
[edit] Seasons
[edit] 1940 Pacific typhoon season
In Guam, a November typhoon caused great damage. It was the strongest typhoon to hit Guam since 1918.[1] [2]
[edit] 1941 Pacific typhoon season
In August, a major typhoon brought a great amount of damage to Guam.[2]
[edit] 1942 Pacific typhoon season
Typhoon Juliet formed and existed.[citation needed]
Nine tropical storms are reported in August.[2]
[edit] 1943 Pacific typhoon season
No storms were reported this season.
[edit] 1944 Pacific typhoon season
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Typhoon Cobra was first spotted on December 17, in the Philippine Sea. It sank three US destroyers, killing at least 790 people, before dissipating the next day.
Maximum sustained winds were estimated at 145 MPH which would classify it as a Category 4 typhoon on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale.
[edit] 1945 Pacific typhoon season
A small, yet powerful typhoon, Connie, was first spotted on June 1 by the Weather Central Guam, moving northeast. Winds were reported to have been as high as 140 mph. But by June 7, it began to weaken. Its final fate is unknown. One officer and five men were lost or killed because of Connie.
Typhoon Helen formed on August 29. It moved west-northwest and strengthened into a major hurricane with 120 mph winds. It weakened slightly to a category two and struck Taiwan. It briefly was over waters before it hit China as a tropical storm. It dissipated on September 4.
Louise was first seen developing on October 2 in the Caroline Islands. It unexpectedly veered north and slowed down, only to intensify as it passed over Okinawa with 90 mph wind gusts and a minimum central pressure of 968.5 mbar. Shortly after, Louise began to weaken, and hit Japan as a strong tropical storm. The tropical cyclone became extratropical shortly after on October 12. In Okinawa, 36 people died, 47 people were reported missing, and 100 people were seriously injured. In Buckner Bay, 30-35 waves were reported to have crashed ashore, tearing into the Quonset huts and other building. 12 ships were sunk, 222 ships were grounded, and another 32 were severely damaged. 80% of the buildings in the bay were completely wiped out while all 60 airplanes at the local airports were damaged, but most were repairable. 107 amphibious craft (including the wrecking of four tank landing ships, two medium landing ships, a gunboat, and two infantry landing craft) were grounded and damaged.
[edit] 1945 storm names
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[edit] 1946 Pacific typhoon season
Typhoon Barbara formed on March 27, and moved west. It strengthened briefly to a category three with 115 mph winds. But shortly after, it began to weaken. Typhoon Barbara curved northward and then westward, in turn hitting the Philippines as a category one. Now that it had made landfall, it curved back to the east and continued to weaken until April 7, when it dissipated.
On July 23, Typhoon Dolly formed. It moved northwestward, only to strengthen. After passing by the Philippines, it reached its maximum intensity of 125 mph, a strong major hurricane. It rounded around Taiwan and made landfall on China's shoreline. It dissipated hours after on July 27.
Tropical Storm Ingrid formed July 12, immediately moving west. After strengthening, it briefly became a category four on July 15. It weakened to a category two and struck the northern part of the Philippines. Ingrid retained its strength until it hit China. Right after it made landfall in China, it moved north and dissipated on the 20th.
Janie formed on July 23. It moved northwest and then curved west. It was then that she became a major hurricane with 115 mph winds. After heading westward for a while, Janie began curving the opposite direction. But that was short-lived; it began moving northwest and struck southern Japan. Janie traveled over the island and dissipated near Russia's coast on July 31.
On August 10, a disturbance managed to organize itself enough to be designated Tropical Storm Lilly. It moved in a generally northwest direction while intensifying at a moderate pace-becoming Typhoon Lilly shortly after its formation. Before Lilly moved over cold waters, it attained a peak intensity of 145 mph. It narrowly missed Japan's shoreline as a category two before striking Korea as a moderate tropical storm. Lilly dissipated on August 21, after eleven days of the traveling of the western Pacific Ocean.
[edit] 1946 storm names
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[edit] 1947 Pacific typhoon season
Carol formed east of the Philippines on June 17. It moved northwest. Carol skimmed right passed the most northern island as a 115 mph typhoon. After that, it began to weaken. Carol passed by Taiwan, and was about to hit mainland China, but it suddenly took a northeast track. Shortly thereafter, Carol dissipated on June 23.
Typhoon Kathleen struck the Boso Peninsula and the entire Kanto Region in Japan on September 15th. Heavy rains caused the Arakawa and Tone Rivers to overflow. The resulting floods killed 1,077 people and left 853 people missing. [3] [4]
Tropical Storm Irene formed on November 30 between the Philippine Islands. It strengthened to a tropical storm with 50 mph winds before it made landfall on one of the islands. It curved northeast and weakened to a tropical depression. But after exiting land, it restrengthened to a moderate tropical storm. But shortly thereafter, it became extratropical on December 3. The Japan Meteorological Agency analyzed it as a tropical depression, though it was actually a moderate tropical storm.
[edit] 1947 storm names
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[edit] 1948 Pacific typhoon season
Typhoon Karen, the strongest cyclone of the season, developed on January 11, well west of the Philippines. It curved westward while slowly intensifying. After a prolonged period of the slow intensification, the tropical cyclone began to rapidly strengthen. It became a super typhoon on the 16th. Shortly after, it weakened and dissipated on January 19.
Ophelia formed on June 10 in the South China Sea. It moved west and struck southern China. It dissipated the next day, without attaining maximum sustained winds any higher than 45 mph.
Typhoon Ione struck Japan in mid-September killing 838 people.[3]
[edit] 1948 storm names
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[edit] 1949 Pacific typhoon season
Typhoon Della struck Japan in mid-June killing 468 people.[3]
In July, a typhoon killed 1,600 people and destroyed more than 63,000 houses in Shanghai, China, the worst typhoon on record in the city.[4]
Typhoon Gloria struck Okinawa on July 23rd. Gloria killed 38 people and destroyed 42,502 buildings on the island. Typhoon Gloria then continued westward and struck Shanghai, China killing 29 people.[5]
Typhoon Kitty struck the Tokyo/Yokohama area August 31 through September 1, 1949. From reconnaissance reports the maximum sustained winds were near 110 knots 12 hours prior to landfall, but had fallen to minimum typhoon strength by the time it reached Honshū. The death toll reached 123 due to rainfall induced flooding and landslides (NY Times, 9/3/1949), and caused about 15 billion yen in damages. As its center passed near Tokyo, the JMA's Central Meteorological Office was able to launch eight rawindsondes in the typhoon environment. Researcher Dr. Hidedoshi Arakawa was able to analyize these soundings to make a vertical analysis of the storm.[ref name="Arakawa, H. 1950 : "Vertical Structure of a Mature Typhoon Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 78 No. 11, Nov. 1950, p.197-200"ref]
Typhoon Rena struck the central Philippines on the last day of October. Rena tore through the Visayan Island killing 1,000 people.[6]
[edit] 1949 storm names
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[edit] See also
[edit] External links
[edit] References
- ^ http://pao.cnmoc.navy.mil/pao/Heavyweather/thh_nc/guam/apra/graphics/tab2-3.gif
- ^ a b Guam: Inarajan - Memories: Chronology
- ^ a b [1]
- ^ Bill Savadove and Lillian Yang. "Shanghai braces for powerful typhoon", South China Morning Post, 2005-08-07. Retrieved on 2007-04-21.
- ^ Sic Transit Gloria - TIME
- ^ Microsoft PowerPoint - Intro
