1880-1882 Atlantic hurricane seasons
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The decade of the 1880s featured the 1880-1882 Atlantic hurricane seasons. While data is not available for every storm that occurred, some parts of the coastline were populated enough to give data of hurricane occurrences. Each season was an ongoing event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation in the Atlantic basin. Most tropical cyclone formation occurs between June 1 and November 30.
Contents |
[edit] 1880 Atlantic hurricane season
 Season summary map |
|
| First storm formed: | June 21, 1880 |
|---|---|
| Last storm dissipated: | October 23, 1880 |
| Strongest storm: | #2 - 130 knots (150 mph) |
| Total storms: | 11 |
| Major storms (Cat. 3+): | 2 |
| Total damage: | Unknown |
| Total fatalities: | 133 |
| Atlantic hurricane seasons 1878, 1879, 1880, 1881, 1882 |
|
The second storm of the season formed over the northeastern Lesser Antilles on August 4. It moved westward through the Caribbean Sea, reaching hurricane strength on the 6th east of Jamaica. It passed to the south of the island, and strengthened further to a Category 2 hurricane, but a landfall on the Yucatán Peninsula weakened it to a tropical storm. While moving across the Gulf, the storm intensified back to a hurricane on the 11th, followed by a period of rapid intensification to a 150 mph (240 km/h) hurricane with an estimated minimum pressure of 931 millibars. [1] It made landfall near Brownsville, Texas on the 13th, and dissipated rapidly over land on the 14th. It caused 30 deaths near the Yucatán Peninsula, and 5 deaths in Texas.
The third storm of the season began its life just northeast of Barbados on August 15. It moved quickly through the islands, and reached hurricane strength on the 18th. It passed over Jamaica the next day, followed by a Cuban landfall later that day. The circulation was disrupted over Cuba, and dissipated on the 20th over the Bahamas. It caused 30 deaths.
The 4th storm of the year started over the central Atlantic on August 24. It moved steadily westward, reaching hurricane strength on the 26th. The next day it reached its peak of 100 mph (160 km/h) winds. The storm would retain that intensity until its landfall near St. Augustine, Florida on the 29th. It passed over the peninsula, weakening to a tropical storm, but managed to become a hurricane prior to its second Florida landfall on the 31st. The storm continued northwestward, dissipating over Mississippi on the September 1. It caused 68 deaths.
Other hurricanes of the season include a minimal hurricane coming close to Bermuda in August, a hurricane moving up the Mid-Atlantic coastline, a tropical storm that hit Newfoundland, a Category 4 hurricane that came near to Bermuda, a hurricane crossing Florida in October, a minimal hurricane approaching Bermuda in October, and a tropical storm in the western Atlantic.
[edit] 1881 Atlantic hurricane season
 Season summary map |
|
| First storm formed: | August 1, 1881 |
|---|---|
| Last storm dissipated: | September 22, 1881 |
| Strongest storm: | #5, 6 - 90 knots (105 mph) |
| Total storms: | 7 |
| Major storms (Cat. 3+): | 0 |
| Total damage: | Unknown |
| Total fatalities: | 700 |
| Atlantic hurricane seasons 1879, 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883 |
|
The first storm of the season formed on August 1 to the northwest of the western tip of Cuba. It tracked northward, and hit Mississippi before dissipating on the 4th.
A tropical storm hit Corpus Christi, Texas in the middle of August, but caused no reported deaths. Signals were blown down at the harbor, and one boat was lost.
From August 11 to the 18th, a hurricane existed in the tropical Atlantic before turning northward and losing its identity.
The fourth storm of the season developed on August 16 off the eastern coast of the Yucatán Peninsula. It tracked northeastward throughout its lifetime, passing through Cuba, the Florida Keys, and the Bahamas before becoming a hurricane. It became extratropical on the 21st.
A westward moving tropical storm moved through the northeastern Lesser Antilles on August 22. It reached hurricane strength on the 24th, and continued northwestward until its Georgia landfall on the 27th as a Category 2 hurricane. It moved inland, dissipating on the 29th over northwestern Mississippi, resulting in around 700 deaths.
A hurricane existed north of Hispanola on September 7. It moved northwestward, reaching a peak of 100 mph prior to hitting southern North Carolina. It weakened to a tropical storm over land, bringing heavy, yet beneficial, rain to the mid-Atlantic. It moved out to sea, dissipating near Cape Cod.
The final storm of the season was first seen on September 18 to the northwest of Bermuda. It tracked to the northeast, reaching a peak of 70 mph (113 km/h) on the 19th while southeast of the Canadian Maritimes. It weakened over the north Atlantic, and became extratropical on the 22nd.
[edit] 1882 Atlantic hurricane season
 Season summary map |
|
| First storm formed: | August 24, 1882 |
|---|---|
| Last storm dissipated: | October 15, 1882 |
| Strongest storm: | #6 - 120 knots (140 mph) |
| Total storms: | 6 |
| Major storms (Cat. 3+): | 2 |
| Total damage: | Unknown |
| Total fatalities: | 141 |
| Atlantic hurricane seasons 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883, 1884 |
|
The first hurricane of the season was observed on August 24 in the North Atlantic. Its prior track is unknown, but the storm continued to the north-northeast. It was last seen on the 25th to the southeast of Newfoundland.
The second storm of the season was first seen to the north of the Mona Passage on September 2. It moved to the west-northwest, reaching winds of 100 mph (160 km/h) before hitting Cuba. It crossed the island, and turned north in the Gulf of Mexico. The hurricane peaked at 115 mph (185 km/h) before hitting near Pensacola, Florida on September 10. It accelerated over the southeastern United States, and after reaching the Atlantic Ocean, became extratropical near Nova Scotia. It caused a landslide, but no deaths were reported.
A Category 2 hurricane was first observed in the Gulf of Mexico on September 14. Its prior track is unknown, but it moved to the west-northwest, and hit near the Texas/Louisiana border on the 15th. The storm brought a 3 foot storm surge, caused moderate damage, and killed one person.
A tropical storm formed north of the Bahamas on September 21. It moved north into North Carolina, landfalling near Cape Lookout. It moved over the mid-Atlantic coast, bringing nearly a foot of rain in some areas. It dissipated on the 24th near Long Island.
On September 24, a tropical storm was first seen off the coast of South Carolina. It moved to the northeast, and reached hurricane strength the next day. The hurricane turned to the east-northeast, and was last seen on September 28 to the southeast of Newfoundland.
On October 5, a tropical storm formed in the western Caribbean Sea. It drifted northward, and as it approached the coast of Cuba, it rapidly intensified to a 140 mph (230 km/h) major hurricane. It weakened greatly over the island, never recovering while moving northward over the Gulf of Mexico. It crossed Florida and went out to sea, dissipating on the 15th. Its renmants brought heavy rain to Labrador, and left 140 casualties in its path.
