1460s in England
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 1460s in England: |
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Events from the 1460s in England.
Contents |
[edit] Incumbents
Monarch - Henry VI of England (to 4 March 1461), Edward IV of England
[edit] Events
- 1460
- 15 January - French raid Sandwich, Kent and capture the royal fleet.[1]
- 10 July - Wars of the Roses: At the Battle of Northampton, Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick and Edward, Earl of March defeat a Lancastrian army and seize King Henry VI.[2]
- 10 October - Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York claims the throne in London.[1]
- 24 October - Parliament passes the Act of Accord, proclaiming Richard of York as the heir to the throne.[1]
- 30 December - Wars of the Roses: At the Battle of Wakefield, a decisive Lancastrian victory is won and Richard of York is killed.[2]
- 1461
- 2 February - Wars of the Roses: At the Battle of Mortimer's Cross, Yorkist troops led by Edward, Earl of March defeat Lancastrians under Owen Tudor and his son Jasper.[1]
- 17 February - Wars of the Roses: At the Second Battle of St Albans, Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick's army is defeated by a Lancastrian force under Queen Margaret, who recovers control of her husband.[1]
- 4 March - Edward, Earl of March proclaimed as King Edward IV of England in London.[1]
- 28 March - Wars of the Roses: The indecisive Battle of Ferrybridge is fought.
- 29 March - Wars of the Roses: At the Battle of Towton, the bloodiest battle ever fought on British soil,[3] the Earl of March defeats Queen Margaret to make good his claim to the English throne.[2]
- 25 April - Henry cedes Berwick upon Tweed to Scotland.[1]
- 28 June - Coronation of King Edward IV.[3]
- 1462
- 25 October - Queen Margaret leads an abortive invasion of northern England with French support.[1]
- 1463
- 8 October - Truce of Hesdin ends French support for the Lancastrians.[1]
- Importation of foreign playing cards banned to protect English manufacturers.[1]
- 1464
- 25 April - Wars of the Roses: At the Battle of Hedgeley Moor, Yorkist forces under John Neville defeat Lancastrians under Sir Ralph Percy, who is killed.[1]
- 1 May - Edward IV secretly marries Elizabeth Woodville. He keeps the marriage a secret until 14 September.[1]
- 15 May - Wars of the Roses: At the Battle of Hexham, Neville defeats the Lancastrian army.
- 11 June - Fifteen year-truce with Scotland signed.[1]
- 1465
- May - Coronation of Elizabeth Woodville as Queen Consort.[1]
- 24 July - Former King Henry VI is captured by Yorkist forces and imprisoned in the Tower of London.[2]
- Reform of the coinage, including introduction of the Angel and the Rose Noble.[1]
- Re-foundation of Queen's College, Cambridge by Queen Elizabeth.[1]
- 1466
- 1467
- Archbishop George Neville dismissed as Chancellor of England.[1]
- 1468
- 3 July - marriage of Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy to Margaret of York, sister of Edward IV.[2]
- 29 July - Hansa merchants expelled from London; war breaks out with the Hanseatic League.[1]
- First recorded English use of the rack in torture.[1]
- 1469
- June - A Lancastrian revolt led 'Robin of Redesdale' spreads from Yorkshire to Lancashire.[1]
- July - Earl of Warwick joins the rebels.[1]
- 26 July - Wars of the Roses: Lancastrian victory at the Battle of Edgecote Moor.[1]
- 29 July - King Edward arrested and imprisoned after his army abandons him.[1]
- September - Edward released following widespread rioting.[1]
[edit] Births
- 1460
- 1461
- Nicholas West, bishop and diplomat (died 1533)
- 1462
- Edmund Dudley, minister of Henry VII (died 1510)
- 1465
- William Cornysh, composer (died 1523)
- 1466
- 11 February - Elizabeth of York, queen of Henry VII (died 1503)
- 1467
- January - John Colet, churchman and educational pioneer (died 1519)
- 11 August - Mary of York, daughter of King Edward IV (d. 1482)
- John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners, translator (died 1553)
- John Yonge, ecclesiastic and diplomatist (died 1516)
- William Latimer, churchman and scholar (died 1545)
- 1469
- 20 March - Cecily of York, princess (died 1507)
[edit] Deaths
- 1460
- 10 July (at the Battle of Northampton)
- Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham, military leader (born 1402)
- John Talbot, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury (born c. 1413)
- 30 December - Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, claimant to the English throne (killed in battle) (born 1411)
- 31 December
- Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury, politician (executed) (born 1400)
- Edmund, Earl of Rutland, brother of Kings Edward IV of England and Richard III of England (executed) (born 1443)
- Reginald Pecock, prelate and writer (born c. 1395)
- 10 July (at the Battle of Northampton)
- 1461
- 28 March - John Clifford, 9th Baron de Clifford (in battle) (born 1435)
- 29 March (at the Battle of Towton)
- John de Mowbray, 3rd Duke of Norfolk (born 1415)
- 1462
- 1464
- 15 May - Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset (executed) (born 1436)
- 17 May - Thomas de Ros, 10th Baron de Ros, politician (executed) (born 1427)
- John Capgrave, historian and theologian (born 1393)
- 1465
- 14 January - Thomas Beckington, statesman and prelate (born c. 1390)
- John Hardyng, chronicler (born 1378)
- 1468
- 14 June - Margaret Beauchamp, Countess (born 1404)
- 30 June - Lady Eleanor Talbot (year of birth unknown)
- 1469
- 12 August - Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers (executed) (born 1412)
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Palmer, Alan & Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd, 128-131. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ a b c d e Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 183–185. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- ^ a b (2006) Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library, 90. ISBN 0-141-02715-0.
