1400s in England
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 1400s in England: |
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Events from the 1400s in England.
Contents |
[edit] Incumbents
Monarch - Henry IV of England
[edit] Events
- 1400
- January - Henry IV quells the Epiphany Rising and executes the Earls of Kent, Huntingdon and Salisbury and the Baron le Despencer for their attempt to have Richard II restored as King.[1]
- August - England invades Scotland, capturing Edinburgh.[1]
- 16 September - Owain Glyndŵr is proclaimed Prince of Wales by his followers and begins attacking English strongholds in north-east Wales.[2]
- 24 September - Welsh rebels invade England, but are turned back at Welshpool.[1]
- October - Henry launches a punitive campaign against north Wales.[1]
- Scotland resists an English invasion led by Harry Hotspur.
- 1401
- Passing of the De heretico comburendo Act — the Archbishop of Canterbury pressures King Henry IV into outlawing as heretics anyone owning an English translation of the Bible.[1]
- 2 March - William Sawtrey, a Lollard, is the first person to be burned at the stake at Smithfield.[1]
- June - English Pale in Ireland reduced to Dublin, County Kildare, County Louth, and County Meath.[1]
- December - Glyndŵr firmly establishes control over northern Wales.[1]
- 1402
- 22 June - Battle of Bryn Glas: Welsh rebels defeat the English on the England/Wales border.[1]
- August - Glamorgan joins Glyndŵr's revolt.[1]
- 14 September - Battle of Humbleton Hill: Northern English nobles led by Sir Henry "Hotspur" Percy, defeat a Scottish raiding army under the Earl of Douglas.[2]
- 1403
- 7 February - King Henry IV of England marries Joanna of Navarre, the daughter of Charles II of Navarre.[1]
- 21 July - Battle of Shrewsbury - King Henry IV of England defeats a rebel army led by "Hotspur" Percy who has allied with the Welsh rebel Owain Glyndŵr.[2] Percy is killed in the battle by an arrow in his face.
- The Worshipful Company of Stationers and Newspaper Makers (better known as the Stationers' Company) is founded. It is currently one of the Livery Companies of the City of London.
- 1404
- 14 January - Henry grants Parliament the power to appoint Royal Councillors and hold them to account for expenditure.[1]
- 10 May - Glyndŵr holds a Parliament at Dolgellau.[1]
- 14 June - Owain Glyndŵr, having declared himself Prince of Wales, allies with the French against the English. [2]
- 6 October - Parliament meets at Coventry; Henry withdraws its powers of oversight over the Royal Council.[1]
- 1405
- 11 March - Battle of Grosmont: English defeat Welsh rebels.[1]
- April - Archbishop of York Richard Scrope leads a rebellion in northern England.[1]
- 5 May - Battle of Usk: English defeat Welsh rebels.[1]
- 8 June - Richard Scrope and other rebel leaders executed after their revolt collapses.[1]
- August - Welsh rebels, assisted by the French, unsuccessfully attack Worcester.[2]
- Hundred Years' War: French attack Aquitaine.
- John Thornton of Coventry constructs the largest medieval window in England, at York Minster.[1]
- 1406
- 1 March - Parliament meets, and continues to sit until December, when it finally achieves its aims of nominating and ensuring the payment of members of the Royal Council.[1]
- 30 March - The heir to the Scottish throne, Prince James captured and imprisoned in England.[3]
- Richard Whittington becomes Lord Mayor of London.
- Eric of Pomerania marries Philippa, daughter of Henry IV.
- Richard, Earl of Cambridge, marries Anne de Mortimer.
- 1407
- October - Henry, Prince of Wales besieges Welsh rebels at Aberystwyth.[1]
- 1408
- 19 February - Battle of Bramham Moor: Sheriff of Yorkshire suppresses northern rebellion.[1]
- September - Henry, Prince of Wales retakes Aberystwyth from Owain Glyndŵr.[1]
- 1409
- 28 February - Henry, Prince of Wales appointed Constable of Dover and Warden of the Cinque Ports.[1]
- March - The Welsh surrender Harlech Castle to the English.[1]
[edit] Births
- 1400
- 25 December - John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (died 1487)
- James Touchet, 5th Baron Audley (died 1459)
- Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury, English politician (died 1460)
- 1401
- 1402
- 1403
- Robert Wingfield, politician (died 1454)
- 1404
- 25 March (baptism) - John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset, military leader (died 1444)
- 1406
- 26 September - Thomas de Ros, 9th Baron de Ros, soldier and politician (died 1430)
- 1407
- Thomas de Littleton, judge (born c. 1407)
- 1408
[edit] Deaths
- 1400
- 5 January
- John Montacute, 3rd Earl of Salisbury, politician (executed) (born 1350)
- Thomas Holland, 1st Duke of Surrey, politician (executed) (born 1374)
- 13 January - Thomas le Despenser, 1st Earl of Gloucester, politician (executed) (born 1373)
- 16 January - John Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter, politician (executed) (born c. 1352)
- 14 February - King Richard II (possibly murdered) (born 1367)
- 25 October - Geoffrey Chaucer, poet (born c. 1343)
- Ralph Strode, scholar (born 1350)
- 5 January
- 1401
- March - William Sawtrey, Lollard martyr (burned at the stake) (year of birth unknown)
- 8 April (or 8 August) Thomas de Beauchamp, 12th Earl of Warwick (born 1338)
- 1402
- 1 August - Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, son of King Edward III (born 1341)
- 1403
- 10 May - Katherine Swynford, widow of John of Gaunt (born c. 1350)
- 12 May - William de Lode, prior (year of birth unknown)
- 21 July
- Henry Percy, soldier (killed in battle) (born 1364/1366)
- Edmund Stafford, 5th Earl of Stafford (killed in battle) (born 1378)
- 23 July - Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester, rebel (executed) (born 1343)
- 1404
- 27 September - William of Wykeham, bishop and statesman (born 1320)
- 1405
- 12 January - Eleanor Maltravers, noblewoman (born 1345)
- 17 August - Thomas West, 1st Baron West (born 1335)
- 1406
- 6 January - Roger Walden, bishop (year of birth unknown)
- 1408
- 20 February - Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland, statesman (born 1342)
- Elizabeth le Despenser, noblewoman (year of birth unknown)
- 1409
- 22 May - Blanche of England, sister of King Henry V (born 1392)
- Thomas Merke, bishop (year of birth unknown)
- Edmund Mortimer, rebel (born 1376)
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Palmer, Alan & Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd, 115-117. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ a b c d e Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 171–172. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- ^ (2006) Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library, 91. ISBN 0-141-02715-0.
