-oic acid

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The suffix -oic acid is the IUPAC nomenclature used in organic chemistry to form names of carboxylic acids containing the acidic -COOH group. It was extracted from the name of benzoic acid, which was named after benzoin resin, whose name probably came via Italian from Arabic lubān jāwī لُبَان جَاوِىّ = "frankincense from Java", because benzoin resin was brought from Indonesia.

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Organic Chemistry Affixes
Carbon-based
-ane (alkane) · -ene (alkene) · -ine (unsaturated hydrocarbon) · -yne (alkyne) · alk- (saturated hydrocarbon) · ar- (aromatic)
Oxygen-based
-al (aldehyde) · -oate (ester) · -oic acid (carboxylic acid) · -ol (alcohol) · -one (ketone) · -ose (sugar)
Nitrogen-based
-ine (alkaloid) · aza- (N replaces C)
Sulfur-based
thio- (extra S)
Other
-ase (enzyme)  · -yl (radical) · nor- (no residues)