Štúrovo
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Štúrovo | |
| Parkány | |
| Town | |
 Looking towards Štúrovo from the Esztergom Basilica, across the Mária Valéria bridge
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| Country |  Slovakia |
|---|---|
| Region | Nitra |
| District | Nové Zámky |
| Rivers | Danube, Hron |
| Elevation | 111 m (364 ft) |
| Coordinates | |
| Area | 13.13 km² (5 sq mi) |
| Population | 11,172 (2005-12-31) |
| Density | 851 /km² (2,204 /sq mi) |
| First mentioned | 1075 |
| Timezone | CET (UTC+1) |
| - summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) |
| Postal code | 943 01 |
| Phone prefix | 421-36 |
| Car plate | NZ |
   Location of Štúrovo in Slovakia
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  Location of Štúrovo in the Nitra Region
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| Wikimedia Commons: Štúrovo | |
| Website: http://www.sturovo.sk | |
| Source: [1] | |
Štúrovo (Hungarian: Párkány, Turkish: Ciğerdelen) is a town in Slovakia, situated on the River Danube. Its population in 2005 was 11,172/.
The town is situated opposite the Hungarian city of Esztergom. The Mária Valéria bridge connects the settlements. The bridge was destroyed in 1944 during World War II, but reconstructed in 2001.
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[edit] Name
Until 1948, the town was known as Parkan in Slovak. It was given its current name after World War II and is named after the 19th century Slovak national leader, Ľudovít Štúr. There was an attempt to return the old name in a 1991 referendum, however, despite validity of it, the government refused to rename the town.[2]
[edit] History
The town was inhabited in the prehistoric ages, thanks to its favourable location. At one time, it was an important river crossing, and part of the Limes Romanus system. She had known Avanum during Roman rule. The first written record of Štúrovo was in 1075 under the name Kakath. In the 16th century, after the Turks conquered Buda in 1541, the town, along with Esztergom, came under the ottoman rule. Many attempts to retake the town from the Turks followed, but they were unsuccessful except 1595-1605 period, until 1683, when the Turks lost a battle near Parkan. She was renamed as Ciğerdelen ("Liver driller" in Turkish) during Ottoman rule.
During the reign of Maria Theresa, the town regained its rights and became a district town.
In 1850, Párkány became a station on the railway track from Bratislava (known as Pozsony / Pressburg at that time) to Budapest. In 1895, Mária Valéria bridge to Esztergom was opened .
After World War I, the town became a border town of Czechoslovakia, with only a brief Hungarian occupation in 1919. In 1938, as a result of the First Vienna Award, Parkan became part of Hungary. It was liberated in the years 1944/1945 by Soviet troops. The Mária Valéria bridge was destroyed for a second time (first time in 1920) by retreating German forces.
After World War II, the town began to industrialize. It was renamed to Štúrovo in 1948. The formerly independent villages of Nána and Obid were annexed to Štúrovo (in 1960 and 1972, respectively). Štúrovo ceased to be a district in 1960 and merged into Nové Zámky District. The biggest factory called Juhoslovenské celulózky a papierne (South Slovakian pulpwood and paper works) was opened in 1968, employing some 4,000 people. A new thermal swimming resort Vadaš was built in 1978. The local railway station became the second biggest in Slovakia (1975).[2]
After the Velvet Revolution, Nána (1990) and Obid (1998) became separate villages again and the Mária Valéria bridge was opened for the third time in 2001, boosting the local economy.
[edit] Demographics
According to the 2001 census, there were 11,708 people living in Štúrovo, with 68.7% of the inhabitants being ethnic Hungarian, as opposed to 28.1% ethnic Slovak. The religious make-up was as follows: Roman Catholic 77.18%, without denomination or not specified 16.45%, Evangelic 1.36%.
[edit] Partner towns
Esztergom, Hungary
Bruntál, Czech Republic
Castellarano, Italy
Baraolt, Romania
Novi Bečej, Serbia
[edit] References
- ^ http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html Municipal Statistics from the Statistical Office of the Slovak republic
- ^ a b http://www.sturovo.sk/main.php?id_menu=17329&id_menu_obsah_m34873=10106&firmy_slovenska_flag=0&caption1=0 Štúrovo - History (contains a link to .doc file, in Slovak)
[edit] External links
- Official website (Slovak), (Hungarian)
- Thermal swimming resort Vadaš
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