Álvaro II of Kongo

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Álvaro II Nimi a Nkanga was king of Kongo from 1587 to 1614. He was one of Kongo's most powerful and important kings, who succeeded his father Álvaro I, but not until resolving a dispute with his brother. Both sides brought armies to São Salvador but to avoid bloodshed they agreed to single combat, won by Álvaro.

Álvaro faced serious problems with other nobles besides his brother, and in 1590-91 was wracked by a serious, though poorly documented, civil war. In order to reestablish his authority, Álvaro had to accept the virtual independence of Miguel, the count of Soyo. In order to recognize those nobles who had been loyal to him during this struggle, Álvaro began granting habits of the Order of Christ to his followers. Although the Portuguese crown complained to the Pope about this, claiming that the King of Portugal, as Grand Master of the Order was the only one to grant such habits, in fact, Kongo kings would establish this order (see Order of Christ (Kongo Empire)) and continued to knight their followers in it right through the nineteenth century.

During Álvaro's reign, the capital city, São Salvador was recognized as the capital of the diocese of Congo and Angola, and the first bishop was appointed, in 1596. However, because the kings of Portugal claimed the right of Patronage, they chose their own bishop. Constant struggles between the king and the bishop followed.

Kongo's relations with Portuguese Angola worsened during Álvaro's reign, and he complained bitterly about the behaviour of the governors to the King of Spain (then also ruling Portugal during the period of the Iberian Union).

v • d • e Rulers of the Kingdom of Kongo Early Awenekongo (1390-1567) Lukeni lua Nimi  · Nanga of Kongo  · Nlaza of Kongo  · Nkuwu a Ntinu of Kongo  · João I of Kongo  · Afonso I of Kongo  · Pedro I of Kongo  · Diogo I Nkumbi a Mpudi  · Afonso II of Kongo  · Bernardo I of Kongo  · Henrique I of Kongo Awenekongo of the Kwilu kanda (1567-1622) Álvaro I of Kongo  · Álvaro II of Kongo  · Bernardo II of Kongo  · Álvaro III of Kongo Awenekongo of the Nkanga a Mvika kanda (1622-1626) Pedro II of Kongo  · Garcia I of Kongo Mwenekongo of the Kwilu kanda (1626-1636) Ambrósio I of Kongo  · Álvaro IV of Kongo Awenekongo of the Kimpanzu kanda (1636) Álvaro V of Kongo Awenekongo of the Kinlaza kanda (1636-1665) Álvaro VI of Kongo  · Garcia II of Kongo  · António I of Kongo Civil War Awenekongo (1665-1678) Afonso II of Kongo and Nkondo  · Álvaro VII of Kongo  · Álvaro VIII of Kongo  · Pedro III of Kongo  · Álvaro IX of Kongo  · Rafael I of Kongo  · Afonso III of Kongo Post-Civil War states Kibangu (1669-1709): Garcia III of Kibangu  · André I of Kibangu  · Manuel Afonso of Kibangu  · Álvaro X of Kibangu  · Pedro IV of Kongo Lemba(1669-1716): Pedro III of Kongo  · João II of Lemba Mbamba Lovata (1678-1715): Manuel of Lovata Awenekongo after the recapture of São Salvador (1709-1891) Pedro IV of Kongo  · Manuel II of Kongo  · Garcia IV of Kongo  · Manuel II of Kongo  · Garcia IV of Kongo  · Nicolau I of Kongo  · Afonso IV of Kongo  · António II of Kongo  · Sebastião I of Kongo  · Pedro V of Kongo  · Álvaro XI of Kongo  · José I of Kongo  · Afonso V of Kongo  · Álvaro XII of Kongo  · Alexio I of Kongo  · Joaquim I of Kongo  · Henrique I of Kongo  · Garcia V of Kongo  · André II of Kongo  · Henrique II of Kongo  · Álvaro XII of Kongo  · Pedro VI of Kongo Awenekongo after 1881 vassalage treaty with Portugal (1891-1914) Álvaro XIV of Kongo  · Henrique III of Kongo  · Pedro VII of Kongo  · Manuel Nkomba of Kongo  · Manuel III of Kongo

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