(S)-norcoclaurine synthase

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

In enzymology, a (S)-norcoclaurine synthase (EC 4.2.1.78) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol $\rightleftharpoons$ (S)-norcoclaurine + H₂O

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde and 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol, whereas its two products are (S)-norcoclaurine and H₂O.

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the hydro-lyases, which cleave carbon-oxygen bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde hydro-lyase [adding dopamine (S)-norcoclaurine-forming]. Other names in common use include (S)-norlaudanosoline synthase, and 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde hydro-lyase (adding dopamine). This enzyme participates in alkaloid biosynthesis i.

[edit] References

IUBMB entry for 4.2.1.78
BRENDA references for 4.2.1.78 (Recommended.)
PubMed references for 4.2.1.78
PubMed Central references for 4.2.1.78
Google Scholar references for 4.2.1.78
Stadler R, Zenk MH (1990). "A revision of the generally accepted pathway for the biosynthesis of the benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline reticuline". Liebigs Ann. Chem.: 555–562.
Stadler R, Kutchan TM, Zenk MH (1989). "(S)-Norcoclaurine is the central intermediate in benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis". Phytochemistry 28: 1083–1086.
Samanani N, Facchini PJ (2002). "Purification and characterization of norcoclaurine synthase. The first committed enzyme in benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in plants". J. Biol. Chem. 277: 33878–83. PMID 12107162.