(4S)-limonene synthase

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In enzymology, a (4S)-limonene synthase (EC 4.2.3.16) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

geranyl diphosphate $\rightleftharpoons$ (-)-(4S)-limonene + diphosphate

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, geranyl diphosphate, and two products, (-)-(4S)-limonene and diphosphate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically those carbon-oxygen lyases acting on phosphates. The systematic name of this enzyme class is geranyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase [cyclizing, (-)-(4S)-limonene-forming]. Other names in common use include (-)-(4S)-limonene synthase, 4S-(-)-limonene synthase, geranyldiphosphate diphosphate lyase (limonene forming), geranyldiphosphate diphosphate lyase [cyclizing,, and (4S)-limonene-forming]. This enzyme participates in monoterpenoid biosynthesis.

[edit] References

IUBMB entry for 4.2.3.16
BRENDA references for 4.2.3.16 (Recommended.)
PubMed references for 4.2.3.16
PubMed Central references for 4.2.3.16
Google Scholar references for 4.2.3.16
Bohlmann J, Steele CL, Croteau R (1997). "Monoterpene synthases from grand fir (Abies grandis). cDNA isolation, characterization, and functional expression of myrcene synthase, (-)-(4S)-limonene synthase, and (-)-(1S,5S)-pinene synthase". J. Biol. Chem. 272: 21784–92. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.35.21784. PMID 9268308.
Colby SM, Alonso WR, Katahira EJ, McGarvey DJ, Croteau R (1993). "4S-limonene synthase from the oil glands of spearmint (Mentha spicata). cDNA isolation, characterization, and bacterial expression of the catalytically active monoterpene cyclase". J. Biol. Chem. 268: 23016–24. PMID 8226816.
Yuba A, Yazaki K, Tabata M, Honda G, Croteau R (1996). "cDNA cloning, characterization, and functional expression of 4S-(-)-limonene synthase from Perilla frutescens". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 332: 280–7. doi:10.1006/abbi.1996.0343. PMID 8806736.