Zil

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Zils (also zills or finger cymbals) are tiny cymbals used in belly dancing and similar performances. The word zil in Turkish means "cymbal". They are similar to Tibetan tingsha bells.

A set of zils consists of four cymbals, two for each hand.

Zils commonly have a diameter of about 5 cm (2 in). Accomplished dancers will often have a second — slightly larger — set for use in noisy situations.

Makers of zils commonly use brass rather than the bronze used for larger cymbals, but they may also employ many other alloys. They may plate some zils in order to give a silvery colour or a brighter surface. Dancers speak of silver tone and gold tone, and may have several sets with different tones for different dances, or of different colours to match different costumes.

Modern dancers use elastic to secure the zils, one to the thumb and one to the middle finger of each hand. A hole or two slots allow the threading of the elastic through the zil. Performers use a variety of ways to cause the zils to ring, resulting in a wide range of sounds that the instruments can produce.

Zils belong to the standard instruments used in Ottoman military bands and also occasionally appear as part of Western orchestral or other musical performances. In these cases musicians usually just call them finger cymbals and use them to obtain a ringing sound with "Middle Eastern" associations. Percussionists playing finger cymbals sometimes use a less complicated technique than the traditional one used by dancers. The musician holds one cymbal in each hand by gripping the strap between the thumb and the index finger, and plays them by striking the rims together. They use this technique for occasional flourishes in the music rather than for complex rhythms and sounds.

[edit] Instruction and manufacturer references

Many a belly dancer and musician has looked for sources for playing their finger cymbals better. Several experts produced instructional booklets and tape sets in the 1970s. These include:

• Jamila Salimpour
• Mimi Spencer
• Mary Ellen Donald.

Manufacturers include:

• Saroyan (has videos for instruction)
• Turquoise International (has videos for instruction)
• Zildjian

[edit] Reference

• Foreman, Kelly Marie. "Zills, the Idiophone of the Middle Eastern Belly Dancer: Their History, Pedagogy, Techniques of Playing, and Role in the Context of Bodily Expression" (1994). M.A. thesis. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University.