Xing'an

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興安省 Xing'an Province

Capital	Hailar

For the league, see Xing'an League. For the county in Guilin, Guangxi, see Xing'an County Xing'an, Guilin.

Hsingan or Xing'an (興安省, Pinyin: Xīng'ān shěng) refers to a former province, which occupied in Western Heilongjiang and part of Northwest Liaoning of the Autonomous Mongol Anto (province) of Hsingan. The name is related to that of the Khingan Mountains. Another name used for this land is Burga, which is also the name used for the east sector of the province, the Burga district. The province was first created as part of Japanese controlled Manchukuo and after the Second Sino-Japanese War the Republic of China government reorganised the area as Hsingan Province, with the capital in Hailar. It is now part of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China.

1 Administration
2 History
3 Economy
4 See also

[edit] Administration

Hsingan was divided into various subprefectures, similar in form to other Manchu provinces. The capital was the town of Hailar (or Hulun), near the Manchu rail lines at the Russian border. This province had an area of 148,000 square miles and a population of 90,000.

[edit] History

Japanese and Manchu authorities permitted which local Mongol Prince authorities could administer their provinces, but this took place under Japanese counsellor supervision. For his services, one Puyi friend and pro-Japanese Manchu addict minister, Ling Sheng, received the administration of this province. Later, however, he expressed an opinion contrary to Japanese "native" establishment interventions; this led to his arrest and execution by Japanese authorities.

In this land occurred the successes of Nomonhan Incident or Khalkin Gol Incident were Kwantung Army and Manchukouan forces fighting against Soviet Red Army amongst Mongol forces near Khalkin Gol lake in 1939.

After Japan was defeated in August 1945, when the Chinese communists gained control of this region, the province was absorbed into a new division of Chinese Mongol Autonomous regions which extended from these lands to ancient Mongol interior provinces.

[edit] Economy

Coal deposits are in this province in Chalai Nor hill, 25 Km from the frontier station of Manchouli, where 290,000 metric tonnes were extracted. Xing'an was a commerce and monetary interchange area (they used the Yuan of Manchukuo and Mengjiang money in equal form based in Yen monetary change with Russian-Mongol money with equal with Russian rubles monetary change), with Mongols of Meng Chiang, and Soviet Outer Mongolia, with land trade routes between commerce town post in area. They used Bactrian camels, cars, or Japanese or Russian railways for transporting mercenaries or travellers.