Wymysorys
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Wymysorys Wymysöryś |
||
|---|---|---|
| Spoken in: | Poland | |
| Region: | Wilamowice | |
| Total speakers: | 70 | |
| Ranking: | ? | |
| Language family: | Indo-European Germanic West Germanic High German Wymysorys |
|
| Writing system: | Latin alphabet | |
| Official status | ||
| Official language of: | - | |
| Regulated by: | no official regulation | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | none | |
| ISO 639-2: | gem | |
| ISO 639-3: | ? | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. See IPA chart for English for an English-based pronunciation key. | ||
Wymysorys or Wilamowicean (Wymysöryś) is a Central German language spoken in the small town of Wilamowice (Wymysoj in Wymysorys), on the border between Silesia and Lesser Poland. At present, there are about 70 native users of Wymysorys, the majority of them elderly people; Wymysorys is therefore an endangered language.
Contents |
[edit] History
In origin, Wymysorys appears to derive from 12th century Middle High German, with a strong influence from Low German, Dutch, Frisian, Polish and Old English. The inhabitants of Wilamowice are thought to be descendants of Dutch, German and Scottish settlers who arrived in Poland in the 13th century. However, the inhabitants of Wilamowice always refused any connections with Germany and proclaimed their Dutch origins.
Wymysorys was the vernacular language of Wilamowice until 1939–1945. After World War II, local communist authorities forbade the use of the language. Despite the fact that the ban was lifted after 1956, Wymysorys has been gradually replaced by Polish, especially amongst the younger generations.
Wymysorys was the language in which the poetry of Florian Biesik was written, during the 19th century.
[edit] Wilamowicean alphabet
The Wilamowicean alphabet consists of 34 letters:
| a | ao | b | c | ć | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | ł | l | m | n | ń | o | ö | p | q | r | s | ś | t | u | ü | v | w | y | z | ź | ż |
| A | AO | B | C | Ć | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | Ł | L | M | N | Ń | O | Ö | P | Q | R | S | Ś | T | U | Ü | V | W | Y | Z | Ź | Ż |
[edit] Short dictionary
A short dictionary of Wymysorys with German, Dutch and English translations. Note that ł is read in Wymysorys like English w and w like v:
| Wymysorys | German | Dutch | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| ałan | allein | alleen | alone |
| ana, an | und | en | and |
| bryk | Brücke | brug | bridge |
| duł | dumm | dom | dull |
| fuylgia | hören | horen | to hear (but cf. Dutch volgen and German folgen "to follow", which also mean "to understand, hear", also cf. eng "follow?" "understand") |
| ganc | ganz | gans | entirely |
| gyrycht | Gericht | gerecht | court (cf. German Recht "{legal} right" and English right) |
| dyr hymół | Himmel | hemel | heaven |
| łove | Liebe | liefde | love |
| a mikieła | ein bisschen | een beetje | a bit (cf. Old English "micel") |
| müter | Mutter | moeder | mother |
| myttółt | Mitte | middel | middle |
| nimanda | niemand | niemand | no one |
| ny | nein | nee | no |
| ödum | Atem | adem | breath (cf. Old English "ǽðm" and archaic German Odem) |
| olifant | Elefant | olifant | elephant |
| öwyt | Abend | avond | evening |
| śraeiwa | schreiben | schrijven | to write (cf. English "scribe") |
| syster | Schwester | zuster | sister |
| śtaen | Stein | steen | stone |
| trynkia | trinken | drinken | to drink |
| uöbroz | Bild | beeld | picture (cf. Polish obraz and cognates in other Slavonic languages) |
| wełt | Welt | wereld | world |
| wynter | Winter | winter | winter |
| zyłwer | Silber | zilver | silver |
| zyjwa | sieben | zeven | seven |
| sgiöekumt | wilkommen | welkom | welcome |
[edit] Example lullaby
A lullaby in Wymysorys with English translation:
- Śłöf maj buwła fest!
- Skumma frmdy gest,
- Skumma muma ana fettyn,
- Z' brennia nysła ana epułn,
- Śłöf majJasiu fest!
- Sleep, my boy, soundly!
- Foreign guests are coming,
- Aunts and uncles are coming,
- Bringing nuts and apples,
- Sleep my Johnny sound
[edit] Further reading
- Ludwik Młynek, "Narzecze wilamowickie", Tarnów. 1907: J.Pisz.
- Józef Latosiński, "Monografia miasteczka Wilamowic", Kraków, 1909.
- Hermann Mojmir, "Wörterbuch der deutschen Mundart von Wilamowice" (Słownik niemieckiej gwary Wilamowic), Kraków, 1930-1936: Polska Akademia Umiejętności.
- Adam Kleczkowski, "Dialekt Wilamowic w zachodniej Galicji. Fonetyka i fleksja". Kraków, 1920: Polska Akademia Umiejętności.
- Adam Kleczkowski, "Dialekt Wilamowic w zachodniej Galicji. Składnia", Poznań, 1921: Uniwersytet Poznański.
- Maria Katarzyna Lasatowicz, "Die deutsche Mundart von Wilamowice zwischen 1920 und 1987". Opole, 1992: Wyższa Szkoła Pedagogiczna.
- Tomasz Wicherkiewicz, The Making of a Language: The Case of the Idiom of Wilamowice, Mouton de Gruyter, 2003, ISBN 3-11-017099-X
www.wymysojer.jzn.pl
