William Standish Knowles

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William S. Knowles (born June 1, 1917) is an American chemist. He was born in Taunton, Massachusetts.

He shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2001 with Ryoji Noyori and K. Barry Sharpless for the development of catalytic asymmetric synthesis, which is a technology relevant to the preparation of many pharmaceuticals. Knowles led a team of researchers that developed chiral phosphine ligands that proved effective in the enantioselective synthesis of L-DOPA.[1][2] Knowles conducted this prize-winning research at Monsanto.

He currently resides in St. Louis, Missouri.

[edit] References

  1. ^ Vineyard, B. D.; Knowles, W. S.; Sabacky, M. J.; Bachman, G. L.; Weinkauff, D. J. "Asymmetric Hydrogenation. Rhodium Chiral Bisphosphine Catalyst" Journal of the American Chemical Society 1977, volume 99, pages 5946-5952.
  2. ^ Knowles, W. S. “Asymmetric Hydrogenations (Nobel Lecture)” Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2002, Volume 41, pages 1998 - 2007. DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20020617)41:12<1998::AID-ANIE1998>3.0.CO;2-8.
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Nobel Prize in Chemistry: Laureates
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1901: van 't Hoff 02: E.Fischer 03: Arrhenius 04: Ramsay 05: von Baeyer 06: Moissan 07: Buchner 08: Rutherford 09: Ostwald 10: Wallach 11: Curie 12: Grignard, Sabatier 13: Werner 14: Richards 15: Willstätter 18: Haber 20: Nernst 21: Soddy 22: Aston 23: Pregl 25: Zsigmondy 26: Svedberg 27: Wieland 28: Windaus 29: Harden, von Euler‑Chelpin 30: H.Fischer 31: Bosch, Bergius 32: Langmuir 34: Urey 35: F.Joliot‑Curie, I.Joliot‑Curie 36: Debye 37: Haworth, Karrer 38: Kuhn 39: Butenandt, Ružička 43: de Hevesy 44: Hahn 45: Virtanen 46: Sumner, Northrop, Stanley 47: Robinson 48: Tiselius 49: Giauque 50: Diels, Alder 51: McMillan, Seaborg 52: Martin, Synge 53: Staudinger 54: Pauling 55: du Vigneaud 56: Hinshelwood, Semyonov 57: Todd 58: Sanger 59: Heyrovský 60: Libby 61: Calvin 62: Perutz, Kendrew 63: Ziegler, Natta 64: Hodgkin 65: Woodward 66: Mulliken 67: Eigen, Norrish, Porter 68: Onsager 69: Barton, Hassel 70: Leloir 71: Herzberg 72: Anfinsen, Moore, Stein 73: E.O.Fischer, Wilkinson 74: Flory 75: Cornforth, Prelog 76: Lipscomb 77: Prigogine 78: Mitchell 79: Brown, Wittig 80: Berg, Gilbert, Sanger 81: Fukui, Hoffmann 82: Klug 83: Taube 84: Merrifield 85: Hauptman, Karle 86: Herschbach, Lee, Polanyi 87: Cram, Lehn, Pedersen 88: Deisenhofer, Huber, Michel 89: Altman, Cech 90: Corey 91: Ernst 92: Marcus 93: Mullis, Smith 94: Olah 95: Crutzen, Molina, Rowland 96: Curl, Kroto, Smalley 97: Boyer, Walker, Skou 98: Kohn, Pople 99: Zewail 2000: Heeger, MacDiarmid, Shirakawa 01: Knowles, Noyori, Sharpless 02: Fenn, Tanaka, Wüthrich 03: Agre, MacKinnon 04: Ciechanover, Hershko, Rose 05: Grubbs, Schrock, Chauvin 06: Kornberg
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