White-crowned Pigeon

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White-crowned Pigeon

Conservation status

Near Threatened (IUCN)

Scientific classification

Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Columbiformes
Family:	Columbidae
Genus:	Patagioenas
Species:	P. leucocephala

Binomial name

Patagioenas leucocephala
(Linnaeus, 1758)

Synonyms

Columba leucocephala Linnaeus, 1758

The White-crowned Pigeon (Patagioenas leucocephala, formerly Columba leucocephala; see Johnson et al., 2001) is a member of the family Columbidae (doves and pigeons).

It is a resident breeder mainly in the Bahamas, Cuba, Jamaica and Antigua. It breeds in smaller numbers in Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, the Cayman Islands, Anguilla and other Caribbean islands. It also breeds along the Caribbean coast of Central America. In the United States it is found only in the Florida Keys and the southern tip of mainland Florida.

It is 29 cm long, has a wingspan of 48 cm and weighs 150 g. The adult is dark grey, with green and white bars on the nape, a brilliant white crown to the head, a white iris, and a pale-tipped red bill. Juveniles are a less dark shade of grey, lack the nape pattern and white iris, and show only a few pale feathers on the crown. The song is row of a Mourning Dove-like woo pop woooo calls; this species is a member of a diverse clade of Patagioenas which vary much in appearance, but are united by their triple coos (except in the Scaled Pigeon) (Johnson et al. 2001, Mahler & Tubaro 2001).

The main threat to this species is hunting. In Florida a major cause of mortality is collision with man-made objects.

John James Audubon did a famous painting of the White-crowned Pigeon.

Print of John James Audubon painting of the White-crowned pigeon

[edit] References

BirdLife International (2004). Patagioenas leucocephala. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 11 May 2006. Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is near threatened

Brands, S. J.. Columba leucocephala. Systema Naturae 2000. Retrieved on July 22, 2005.

Johnson, Kevin P.; de Kort, Selvino; Dinwoodey, Karen, Mateman, A. C.; ten Cate, Carel; Lessells, C. M. & Clayton, Dale H. (2001): A molecular phylogeny of the dove genera Streptopelia and Columba. Auk 118(4): 874-887. PDF fulltext

Mahler, Bettina & Tubaro, Pablo L. (2001): Relationship between song characters and morphology in New World pigeons. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 74(4): 533–539. DOI:10.1006/bijl.2001.0596 (HTML abstract)