Wandhama massacre
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Wandhama massacre refers to the murder of Kashmiri Hindus in the town of Wandhama on January 1998.It was one of the worst incidence of violence against Kashmiri Pandits being carried out by militants in Kashmir. It was an illustration of the Kashmir militant's policy of ethnic cleansing (see Terrorism in Kashmir).The victims, all of them Hindus, included four children, nine women and 10 men.
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[edit] Background
Wandhama is the name of a small town/village near the town of Ganderbal in Kashmir, a disputed state in the northernmost part of India.The region has seen severe unrest and violence owing to the Islamist movement demanding separation from India. The state had a population of Hindu Kashmiri Pandits, over a quarter of a million of whom have been ethnically cleansed from the region by the Islamists.[citation needed] The Wandhama Pandits consisted of Pandits who chose to remain in their homeland despite the rise in violence, as well as those Pandits who returned to the region from refugee camps in neighboring Jammu.
[edit] The Massacre
[edit] Slaughter
On January 1998, 24 Kashmiri Pandits living in the village of Wandhama were killed by Islamist militants. According to the testimony of one of the survivors of the incident, a 14 year-old Hindu boy named Vinod Kuman Dhar, the militants came to their house dressed like Indian Army soldiers, had tea with them, waiting for a radio message indicating that all Pandit families in the village had been covered. After a brief conversation they rounded up all the members of the Hindu households and then summarily gunned them down with Kalashnikov rifles.[1][2][3]
Kashmir's Divisional Commissioner S L Bhatt, who knew some of the Pandits personally, was quick to arrive at the scene of the carnage. He said, "This is the worst incident I have witnessed, I believe foreign militants were involved in the massacre".
[edit] Desecration of temple
After the massacre, the local Hindu temple was destroyed, as were the houses of the Pandits.[1][2]
[edit] Involvement of local Muslims
The local Muslim Conference party chief Saifullah Khan had reportedly collaborated with the militants in this activity by identifying the Pandit families in the village.
Jammu & Kashmir Chief Minister, Dr Farooq Abdullah, flew to the village where the carnage took place. He said that such acts of terror were guided and masterminded by Pakistan and militant groups sponsored by the Pakistani secret police, the Intra-Services Intelligence (ISI).[1]
Police squarely blamed the pro- Pakistan Hizbul Mujahideen for the killings. However, the army did not disclose the identity of the group. A spokesman of the army said the group would be neutralised soon.[1]
The incidence was significant because it coincided with Former US Pres Bill Clinton's visit to India and New Delhi used the massacre to present a case against the Pakistan supported terrorism in Kashmir.[4]
On March 14, 2000, the kingpin of the Wandhama massacre, Abdul Hamid Bhat, and a Pakistani paratrooper were among six top militants gunned down by security forces in separate encounters in Ganderbal, Kashmir.[5][6]
[edit] Reaction
The Kashmiri Pandit (Hindu) community all over the world has reacted with shock and outrage at the incident.All the prominent Pandit organisations asked the Centre to dismiss the Farooq Abdullah government in Jammu and Kashmir and demanded a fresh look to their "rehabilitation".Paun Kashmir Convenor Agnishekhar said:
| “ | We unanimously reiterate our loss of faith in the Farooq Abdullah government`s competence to control the situation in Kashmir, where the remaining Pandits are butchered by militants as the administration watches on,`` said Panun Kashmir Convenor Dr Agnishekhar.[1] | ” |
The day after the incident, agitating Kashmiri Pandits clashed with police in the Capital, New Delhi, when they broke barricades and tried to force their way to the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC). At least 11 Kashmiri Pandits, including Panun Kashmir`` convenor Dr Agnishekhar, were injured when they were hit by water cannon. Dr Agnishekhar fell unconscious and rushed to the All India Institute of Medical Sciences.
In a press release, the Indo-American Kashmir Forum (IAKF) in Washington D.C. condemned the carnage and demanded military protection.
| “ | The details of the latest carnage are of unprecedented proportions ... Following the massacre, the militants torched their homes and the nearby Hindu Temple, before escaping into the vastness of night. No group has so far claimed responsibility for this crime against humanity. | ” |
The Indo-American Kashmir Forum joined their apex organization in North America, the Kashmiri Overseas Association (KOA), in "condemning this brutal outrage on the Pandit minority in Kashmir":
| “ | The significance of this massacre, coming on the eve of a national celebration and in the constituency of Dr.Farooq Abdullah, the Chief Minister, is a further indication of the evil designs by fanatic Islamic warriors armed and supported by Pakistan. But even more importantly, it undermines any claims by the Central government in Delhi or by the State government that normalcy is returning in Kashmir. Indeed, since the return of the elected government in the state, Kashmiri Pandits have been the targets of three massacres, one in Sangrampura (March 1997), the other in Gool Gulabgarh (June 1997), and now the latest massacre in Wandhama (January 1998).[1]. | ” |
Indian Prime Minister Inder Kumar Gujral joined the mourners in Kashmir's Wandhama village on January 28. The Prime Minister was accompanied by Governor General K V Krishna Rao (retired), Chief Minister Dr Farooq Abdullah and Union Minister for Environment Saifuddin Soz.He said:
| “ | I have come here to express my grief on behalf of the nation.The people of Punjab had unitedly defeated the nefarious designs of the enemy. The people of Kashmir will also defeat the designs[1] | ” |
There were protests in several refugee camps where Kashmiri Pandits have been interred since their ethnic cleansing.[7]
In 1999, The Jammu and Kashmir Yatheem Trust, one of the few non-governmental welfare organisations working in Kashmir, made an attempt to remedy this. Its survey placed the orphan population in the six districts of the Valley at 15,308[4]
Local law enforcement authorities have been criticized for being dysfunctional in protecting the minority Hindus in Kashmir[6]
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d e f g 23 Kashmiri Hindus Gunned Down on Republic Day Eve subcontinent.com
- ^ a b 'I heard the cries of my mother and sisters',rediff.com
- ^ I saw them kill my entire family IndianExpress.com
- ^ a b The Birth of an orphan,rediff.com
- ^ Six top Hizbul,Al-Badr ultras killed in Kashmir,Press Trust of India
- ^ a b The Nadimarg outrage The Hindu
- ^ Migrant Pandits voted for end of terror in valley Tribune India
