Via Cornelia
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The Via Cornelia was an ancient road of Rome that ran parallel with the north side of the Circus of Nero, diverging from the via Triumphalis.
Its course can be traced with precision, for pagan tombs have been discovered at various times during the 16th and 17th centuries along its edges. Sante Bartoli's memoirs record that when Alexander VII was building the left wing of Bernini's colonnade and the lefthand fountain, a tomb was discovered with a bas-relief above the door representing a marriage-scene ("vi era un bellissimo bassorilievo di un matrimonio antico"). Others were soon found. The best discovery, that of pagan tombs exactly on the line of St Peter's tomb, was made in the presence of Grimaldi, November 9, 1616:
- " "On that day, I entered a square sepulchral room the ceiling of which was ornamented with designs in painted stucco. There was a medallion in the centre, with a figure in high relief. The door opened on the Via Cornelia, which was on the same level. This tomb is located under the seventh step in front of the middle door of the church. I am told that the sarcophagus now used as a fountain, in the court of the Swiss Guards, was discovered at the time of Gregory XIII in the same place, and that it contained the body of a pagan."
These tombs also included Christian ones - the tomb of Saint Peter himself, as well as other martyrs (Rufina and Secunda, etc.).
