Valine
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| Valine | |
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| Systematic name | (S)-2-amino-3-methyl-butanoic acid |
| Abbreviations | Val V |
| Chemical formula | C5H11NO2 |
| Molecular mass | 117.15 g mol-1 |
| Melting point | 315 °C |
| Density | 1.230 g cm-3 |
| Isoelectric point | 5.96 |
| pKa | 2.27 9.52 |
| PubChem | 1182 |
| CAS number | [72-18-4] |
| EINECS number | 200-773-6 |
| SMILES | CC(C)C(N)C(=O)O |
| Disclaimer and references | |
Valine is one of the 20 proteinogenic amino acids. Nutritionally, valine is also an essential amino acid. It is named after the plant valerian.
In sickle-cell disease, it substitutes for the hydrophilic amino acid glutamic acid in hemoglobin: Because valine is hydrophobic, the hemoglobin does not fold correctly. Valine is uncharged overall, as its R group is neutral, and the charges from its amino and carboxylic acid groups balance out: a zwitterion.
Foods that are good sources of valine include cottage cheese, fish, poultry, peanuts, sesame seeds, and lentils.
In a 1994 report released by five top cigarette companies, valine is one of the 599 additives to cigarettes. Its use or purpose, however, is unknown, like most cigarette additives. [1]
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| Major Families of Biochemicals | ||
| Peptides | Amino acids | Nucleic acids | Carbohydrates | Lipids | Terpenes | Carotenoids | Tetrapyrroles | Enzyme cofactors | Steroids | Flavonoids | Alkaloids | Polyketides | Glycosides | ||
| Analogues of nucleic acids: | The 20 Common Amino Acids | Analogues of nucleic acids: |
| Alanine (dp) | Arginine (dp) | Asparagine (dp) | Aspartic acid (dp) | Cysteine (dp) | Glutamic acid (dp) | Glutamine (dp) | Glycine (dp) | Histidine (dp) | Isoleucine (dp) | Leucine (dp) | Lysine (dp) | Methionine (dp) | Phenylalanine (dp) | Proline (dp) | Serine (dp) | Threonine (dp) | Tryptophan (dp) | Tyrosine (dp) | Valine (dp) | ||
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