Urotensin 2
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urotensin-II
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| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | U-II |
| HUGO | 12636 |
| Entrez | 10911 |
| OMIM | 604097 |
| RefSeq | NM_021995 |
| UniProt | O95399 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 1# p36 |
Urotensin-II (U-II) is the most potent vasoconstrictor characterised to date.
Urotensin-II was initially isolated from the neurosecretory system of the Goby fish (Gillichthys mirabilis) over thirty years ago Bern et al. 1969. The human analogue was subsequently isolated in 1998. Human U-II is an undecapeptide (11 amino acids). In common with many other vasoactive peptides (for example endothelin, atrial natriuretic peptide, arginine vasopressin), U-2 is derived from a large precursor molecule, named preprourotensin-II of which two isoforms have been identified in humans, 124 and 139 residues respectively, produce identical active peptides after proteolytic cleavage. Biosynthesis of mature protein is effected by processing enzymes (a signal peptidase and prohormone convertases). Furin and trypsin are reported to act as U-2-converting enzymes.
The orphan GPR14 G-protein-coupled receptor was identified as the receptor for U-2 in humans.
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Kininogen (MHWK, LHWK) - Bradykinin (Kallidin) - Tachykinin - Urotensin 2
