Universidad de Chile (university)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Universidad de Chile |
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| Established | 17 September 1843 |
| Type | Public |
| President | Víctor Pérez Vera |
| Faculty | 16 |
| Undergraduates | 23,400 |
| Postgraduates | 4,108 |
| Location | Santiago, RM, Chile |
| Campus | Urban |
| Campuses | 13 |
| Mascot | Owl |
| Website | www.uchile.cl |
The University of Chile (Spanish: Universidad de Chile) is one of the oldest universities in the Americas, and is the largest and arguably the most prestigious in Chile. The university is often called Casa de Bello (House of Bello) in honour of its founder and first principal, Andrés Bello.
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[edit] History
[edit] Background
Higher education in Chile in colonial times dates back to 1622, when on 19 August of that year, the first university in Chile, Santo Tomás de Aquino, was founded. On 28 July 1738, its name changed to Real Universidad de San Felipe, in honour of King Philip V of Spain.
[edit] Universidad de Chile
In 1841 the minister of public education, Manuel Montt, conceived the idea of funding a corporation for the "advancement and development of sciences and humanities". [[Andrés Bello]] formulated the project which with small modifications became a law on 19 November 1842, creating the Universidad de Chile.
The Universidad de Chile was formally opened on 17 September 1843. During this period, the university consisted of five faculties (facultades): Humanities & Philosophy, Mathematical Sciences & Physics, Law & Political Sciences, Medicine, and Theology. By 1931, the number of colleges had increased to six: Philosophy & Education Sciences, Legal & Social Sciences, Biology & Medical Sciences, Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Agronomy & Veterinary, and Fine Arts.
Almost all of Chile's presidents, including all of those in the 20th century with the exception of Eduardo Frei Montalva (Universidad Catolica de Chile), Carlos Ibáñez del Campo and Augusto Pinochet Ugarte (both Army Generals) graduated from this institution.
[edit] Major Reforms during Military Regime of 1973-1989
During Augusto Pinochet's military regime from 1973 to 1989, the University suffered many profound changes, some of which greatly weakened the University's academic, economic and social influence. On 2 October 1973, Decree number 50 stated that the University's Presidents would be designated by the Military Junta.
The second major blow to the University's integrity came on 3 January 1981, when another Decree completely restructured the University. All of its provincial campuses were separated, cojoined with provincial campuses of the Universidad Técnica del Estado (now Universidad de Santiago de Chile) and designated as separate universities, such as the Universidad de Talca, Universidad de Valparaiso, the Instituto Pedagógico (Pedagogical Institute, now the Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación), the Universidad de Antofagasta, the Universidad de Tarapacá, Instituto Profesional de Osorno (now Universidad de los Lagos), Instituto Profesional de Chillán (now Universidad del Bío-Bío), Universidad de la Frontera, and Universidad de la Serena.
In spite of the complete restructuring of the University, it still remains as Chile's most prestigious university in terms of research, applicant preferences and social impact.
[edit] Colleges and campuses
The University holds 16 faculties distributed in 13 campi:
- Casa Central: Headquarters. Main administrative services.
- Campus Antumapu: Located in southern Santiago, holds the Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, the Faculty of Forestry Sciences and the Faculty of Veterinary and Bovine Sciences. (Web site)
- Campus Andrés Bello: Located in Downtown Santiago, holds the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism and the Faculty of and Economic and Business. Web site
- Campus Juan Gómez Millas: Located in the Macul district of Santiago, holds the Bachelor Program, the Faculty of Arts, the Faculty of Science, the Faculty of Philosophy & Humanities, the Faculty of Social Sciences and the School of Journalism.
- Campus Medicine (North): Holds the University's Clinic Hospital, the Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Faculty of Medicine. (Web site)
- Campus Medicine (South): Site of the Exequiel González Cortés Hospital.
- Campus Medicine (East): Holds the Mental Health Unit.
- Campus Medicine (Center): Holds the San Borja-Arriarán Clinic Hospital.
- Campus Medicine (West): Holds part of the Faculty of Medicine.
- Campus Miraflores: Holds the Faculty of Dentistry. (Web site)
- Campus Pío Nono: Holds the Faculty of Law. (Web site)
- Campus Beaucheff: Holds the Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences and the School of Engineering. (Web site)
[edit] Related institutions and services
The University of Chile is in charge of a variety of nationwide services and institutions, including:
- The National Astronomical Observatory, functioning since 1852
- The Chilean Commission on Nuclear Energy (CCHEN)
- Investigative efforts in Antarctica, since 1940
- Official seismological service and volcanic activity vigilance, since 1908
- Chile's Symphonic Orchestra, since 1941
- Chile's National Ballet, since 1945
- Symphonic Chorus, since 1945
- Centre for Byzantine, Neohellenic, Arabic and Judaic Culture Studies
- Largest Clinical Hospital in the country
- Institute for Easter Island Studies
- Centre for Space-related Studies, with collaborative activities at NASA, and other international agencies
- Universidad de Chile Theatre
- Nutrition and Food Technology Institute (INTA)
- Museum of Popular American Art, since 1947
- Experimental Theatre (1944) (later National Theatre of Chile)
- Chile's NIC.
And more than twenty other centres of national and international importance.
[edit] Alumni
Literature:
- Gabriela Mistral (Nobel Prize 1945, National Literature Prize 1951)
- Pablo Neruda (Nobel Prize 1971, National Literature Prize 1945)
- Felipe Alliende
- Alfonso Calderón (National Literature Prize 1998)
- Pablo de Rokha (National Literature Prize 1965)
- Delia Domínguez
- José Donoso (National Literature Prize 1990)
- Jorge Edwards (National Literature Prize 1994)
- Mariano Latorre (National Literature Prize 1944)
- José Victorino Lastarria
- Pedro Lemebel
- Enrique Lihn
- Hernán Loyola
- Nicanor Parra (National Literature Prize 1969)
- Gonzalo Rojas (National Literature Prize 1992)
- Roque Esteban Scarpa (National Literature Prize 1980)
- Antonio Skármeta
- Volodia Teitelboim (National Literature Prize 2002)
- Armando Uribe (National Literature Prize 2004)
History:
- Juan Luis Espejo (National History Prize 1978)
- Mario Góngora (National History Prize 1976)
- Jorge Hidalgo (National History Prize 2004)
- Álvaro Jara (National History Prize 1990)
- Ricardo Krebs (National History Prize 1982)
- José Toribio Medina
- Rolando Mellafe (National History Prize 1986)
- Néstor Meza Villalobos (National History Prize 1980)
- Lautaro Núñez Atencio (National History Prize 2002)
- Mario Orellana (National History Prize 1994)
- Eugenio Pereira Salas (National History Prize 1974)
- Gabriel Salazar (National History Prize 2006)
- Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna
- Sergio Villalobos (National History Prize 1992)
- Ismael Valdés
Philosophy:
- Joaquín Barceló
- Humberto Giannini (National Prize of History and Social Sciences 1999)
- Federico Schopf
Dramatic Arts:
- Bélgica Castro (National Arts Prize 1995)
- Pedro de la Barra (National Arts Prize 1952)
- María Izquierdo
Plastic Arts:
- José Balmes (National Plastic Arts Prize 1999)
- Ana Cortés (National Arts Prize 1974)
- Sergio Montecino (National Plastic Arts Prize 1993)
- Israel Roa (National Arts Prize 1985)
- Fernando Lavoz
Music:
- Luis Advis
- Carlos Botto (Music National Prize 1996)
- Víctor Jara
- Alfonso Letelier (Music National Prize 1968)
- Sergio Ortega
- Horacio Salinas
- Domingo Santa Cruz Wilson (Music National Prize 1951)
- José Seves
- Florcita Motuda
- Pedro Yáñez
Exact Sciencies:
- Nibaldo Bahamonde (National Prize of Natural Sciences 1996)
- Danko Brncic (National Prize of Sciences 1987)
- Claudio Bunster
- Héctor Croxatto (National Prize of Sciences 1979)
- Eric Goles
- Humberto Maturana (National Prize of Natural Sciences 1994)
- Igor Saavedra Gatica
- Francisco Varela
República de Chile Presidents:
- Federico Errázuriz (1871-1876) - Lawyer
- Aníbal Pinto (1876-1881) - Lawyer
- Domingo Santa María (1881-1886) - Lawyer
- Federico Errázuriz E. (1896-1901) - Lawyer
- Germán Riesco (1901-1906) - Lawyer
- Pedro Montt Montt (1906-1910) - Lawyer
- Ramón Barros Luco (1910-1915) - Lawyer
- Juan Luis Sanfuentes (1915-1920) - Lawyer
- Arturo Alessandri Palma (1920-1925; 1932-1938) - Lawyer
- Emiliano Figueroa (1925-1927) - Lawyer
- Juan Esteban Montero (1931-1932) - Lawyer
- Pedro Aguirre Cerda (1938-1941) - Lawyer and teacher
- Gabriel González Videla (1946-1952) - Lawyer
- Jorge Alessandri (1958-1964) - Engineer
- Salvador Allende (1971-1973) - Medic
- Patricio Aylwin (1990-1994) - Lawyer
- Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle (1994-2000) - Lawyer
- Ricardo Lagos Escobar (2000-2006) - Lawyer
- Michelle Bachelet (2006-2010) - Medic
Foreign Presidents:
- Carlos Mesa (Bolivia, 2003-2005)
- Domingo Faustino Sarmiento (Argentina, 1868-1874)
[edit] References
- A brief history of the University of Chile (in Spanish) Reseña Histórica de la Universidad de Chile
- Information on the University of Chile's research (in Spanish) Investigación en Cifras
[edit] External links
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