United States Ambassador to Vietnam
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After the First Indochina War and the defeat of the French dominion over Vietnam, the nation was split into North and South Vietnam at the Geneva Conference of 1954. The United States did not recognize North Vietnam and thus had no diplomatic relations with that nation. After the reunification of Vietnam in 1975, there followed a period of 20 years in which the United States had no diplomatic relations with Vietnam.
The USA opened a Liaison Office in Hanoi on January 28, 1995. Diplomatic relations were established July 11, 1995, and Embassy Hanoi was established with L. Desaix Anderson as Chargé d’Affaires ad interim.
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[edit] Ambassadors
Diplomatic Terms
Career FSO: After 1915, The United States Department of State began classifying ambassadors as career Foreign Service Officers (FSO) for those who have served in the Foreign Service for a specified amount of time.
Political appointee: A person who is not a career foreign service officer, but is appointed by the president; often to reward political friends.
Appointed: The date that the ambassador took the oath of office—also called “commissioning.” This follows confirmation of a presidential appointment by the Senate, or a congressional-recess appointment by the president. In the case of a recess appointment, the ambassador must be later confirmed by the Senate.
Presented Credentials: The date that the ambassador presented his letter of credence to the head of state or appropriate authority of the receiving nation. At this time the ambassador officially becomes the representative of his country. This would normally occur a short time after the ambassador’s arrival on station. The host nation may reject the ambassador by not receiving the ambassador’s letter, but this occurs only rarely.
Terminated mission: Usually the date that the ambassador left the country. In some cases a letter of recall is presented, ending the ambassador’s commission, either as a means of diplomatic protest or because the diplomat is being reassigned elsewhere and replaced by another envoy.
Chargé d’affaires: The person in charge of the business of the embassy when there is no ambassador commissioned to the host country. See chargé d’affaires.
ad interim: For the time being; in the meantime. See ad interim.
- Pete Peterson – Political appointee[1]
- Appointed: April 11, 1997
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Presented credentials: May 14, 1997
- Terminated mission: Left post Jul 15, 2001
- Raymond Burghardt – Career FSO
- Appointed: November 28, 2001
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Presented credentials: February 5, 2002
- Terminated mission: 2004
- Michael W. Marine – Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: May 6, 2004
- Presented credentials: September 10, 2004
- Terminated mission: —
[edit] Notes
- ^ An earlier nomination of May 23, 1996, was not acted upon by the Senate.
