United States Ambassador to Denmark

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James P. Cain, current U.S. Ambassador to Denmark
James P. Cain, current U.S. Ambassador to Denmark

The first representative from the United States to Denmark was appointed in 1827 as a Chargé d’Affaires. There followed a series of chargés and ministers until 1890 when the first full ambassador (Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary) was appointed. The title was changed to Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary in 1946.

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[edit] Ambassadors

Diplomatic Terms

Career FSO: After 1915, The United States Department of State began classifying ambassadors as career Foreign Service Officers (FSO) for those who have served in the Foreign Service for a specified amount of time.

Political appointee: A person who is not a career foreign service officer, but is appointed by the president; often to reward political friends.

Appointed: The date that the ambassador took the oath of office—also called “commissioning.” This follows confirmation of a presidential appointment by the Senate, or a congressional-recess appointment by the president. In the case of a recess appointment, the ambassador must be later confirmed by the Senate.

Presented Credentials: The date that the ambassador presented his letter of credence to the head of state or appropriate authority of the receiving nation. At this time the ambassador officially becomes the representative of his country. This would normally occur a short time after the ambassador’s arrival on station. The host nation may reject the ambassador by not receiving the ambassador’s letter, but this occurs only rarely.

Terminated mission: Usually the date that the ambassador left the country. In some cases a letter of recall is presented, ending the ambassador’s commission, either as a means of diplomatic protest or because the diplomat is being reassigned elsewhere and replaced by another envoy.

Chargé d’affaires: The person in charge of the business of the embassy when there is no ambassador commissioned to the host country. See chargé d’affaires.

ad interim: For the time being; in the meantime. See ad interim.

  • Henry Wheaton
    • Appointed: March 3, 1827
    • Title: Chargé d’Affaires
    • Presented Credentials: September 20, 1827
    • Terminated Mission: Presented recall on or shortly before May 29, 1835
  • Jonathan F. Woodside
    • Appointed: March 3, 1835
    • Title: Chargé d’Affaires
    • Presented Credentials: September 1, 1835
    • Terminated Mission: Paid farewell calls on June 29, 1841
  • Isaac Rand Jackson
    • Appointed: May 20, 1841[1]
    • Title: Chargé d’Affaires
    • Presented Credentials: October 12, 1841
    • Terminated Mission: Died at post, July 27, 1842
  • William W. Irwin
    • Appointed: March 3, 1843
    • Title: Chargé d’Affaires
    • Presented Credentials: June 19, 1843
    • Terminated Mission: Presented recall on June 12, 1847
  • Robert P. Flenniken
    • Appointed: January 11, 1847
    • Title: Chargé d’Affaires
    • Presented Credentials: June 12, 1847
    • Terminated Mission: Presented recall about September 15, 1849
  • Walter Forward
    • Appointed: November 8, 1849[2]
    • Title: Chargé d’Affaires
    • Presented Credentials: June 15, 1850
    • Terminated Mission: Recalled on September 10, 1851[3]
  • Andrew J. Ogle
    • Appointed: January 22, 1852[4]
    • Title:
    • Presented Credentials:
    • Terminated Mission:
  • Miller Grieve
    • Appointed: August 30, 1852
    • Title: Chargé d’Affaires
    • Presented Credentials: December 15, 1852
    • Terminated Mission: Left post on or after June 23, 1853
  • Henry Bedinger
    • Appointed: May 24, 1853[5]
    • Title: Chargé d’Affaires
    • Presented Credentials: October 13, 1853
    • Terminated Mission: Promoted to Minister Resident, September 23, 1854
  • Henry Bedinger
    • Appointed: June 29, 1854
    • Title: Minister Resident[6]
    • Presented Credentials: September 23, 1854
    • Terminated Mission: Presented recall on August 10, 1858
  • James M. Buchanan
    • Appointed: May 11, 1858
    • Title: Minister Resident
    • Presented Credentials: August 10, 1858
    • Terminated Mission: Presented recall on May 10, 1861
  • Bradford R. Wood
    • Appointed: March 22, 1861
    • Title: Minister Resident
    • Presented Credentials: August 18, 1861
    • Terminated Mission: Presented recall on November 15, 1865
  • Samuel J. Kirkwood
    • Appointed: March 11, 1863[7]
    • Title: Minister Resident
    • Presented Credentials:
    • Terminated Mission:
  • George H. Yeaman
    • Appointed: August 25, 1865[8]
    • Title: Minister Resident
    • Presented Credentials: November 20, 1865
    • Terminated Mission: Presented recall, November 7, 1870
  • Christopher Columbus Andrews
    • Appointed: April 16, 1869[9]
    • Title:
    • Presented Credentials:
    • Terminated Mission:
  • Michael J. Cramer
    • Appointed: September 9, 1870[10]
    • Title: Minister Resident
    • Presented Credentials: November 7, 1870
    • Terminated Mission: Presented recall, October 2, 1876
  • Michael J. Cramer
    • Appointed: August 15, 1876
    • Title: Chargé d’Affaires
    • Presented Credentials: October 2, 1876
    • Terminated Mission: Presented recall, August 12, 1881
  • Adam Badeau
    • Appointed: [11]
    • Title: Chargé d’Affaires
    • Presented Credentials:
    • Terminated Mission:
  • Charles Payson
    • Appointed: June 30, 1881[12]
    • Title: Chargé d’Affaires
    • Presented Credentials: August 12, 1881
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, February 23, 1882
  • J. P. Wickersham
    • Appointed: May 1, 1882
    • Title: Chargé d’Affaires
    • Presented Credentials: June 13, 1882
    • Terminated Mission: Promoted to Minister Resident/Consul General August 21, 1882[13]
  • J.P. Wickersham
    • Appointed: July 13, 1882
    • Title: Minister Resident/Consul General
    • Presented Credentials: August 21, 1882
    • Terminated Mission: Notified the Government of Denmark from in Paris, September 8, 1882.
  • Wickham Hoffman
    • Appointed: February 27, 1883
    • Title: Minister Resident/Consul General
    • Presented Credentials: May 4, 1883
    • Terminated Mission: Presented recall, June 1, 1885
  • Rasmus B. Anderson
    • Appointed: April 2, 1885
    • Title: Minister Resident/Consul General
    • Presented Credentials: June 1, 1885
    • Terminated Mission: Presented recall, August 28, 1889
  • John A. Enander
    • Appointed: March 13, 1889[14]
    • Title:
    • Presented Credentials:
    • Terminated Mission:
  • Clark E. Carr
    • Appointed: May 16, 1889[15]
    • Title: Minister Resident/Consul General
    • Presented Credentials: August 28, 1889
    • Terminated Mission: Promoted to Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary July 30, 1890
  • Clark E. Carr
    • Appointed: July 30, 1890
    • Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: September 22, 1890
    • Terminated Mission: Presented recall, July 14, 1893
  • John E. Risley
    • Appointed: March 27, 1893
    • Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: July 14, 1893
    • Terminated Mission: Presented recall, December 11, 1897
  • Laurits S. Swenson
    • Appointed: October 4, 1897[16]
    • Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: December 11, 1897
    • Terminated Mission: Presented recall, May 27, 1905
  • Thomas J. O’Brien
    • Appointed: March 8, 1905
    • Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: May 27, 1905
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, June 5, 1907
  • Maurice Francis Egan – Political appointee
    • Appointed: [17]
    • Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: June 10, 1907
    • Terminated Mission: September 6, 1907 Left post, December 16, 1917
  • Norman Hapgood – Political appointee
    • Appointed: April 16, 1919[18]
    • Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: June 17, 1919
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, December 9, 1919
  • Joseph C. Grew – Career FSO
    • Appointed: April 7, 1920
    • Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: June 9, 1920
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, October 14, 1921
  • John Dyneley Prince – Political appointee
    • Appointed: September 24, 1921
    • Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: November 23, 1921
    • Terminated Mission: Presented recall, March 30, 1926
  • H. Percival Dodge – Career FSO
    • Appointed: February 23, 1926
    • Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: August 24, 1926
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, March 1, 1930
  • Ralph H. Booth – Political appointee
    • Appointed: January 22, 1930
    • Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: June 13, 1930
    • Terminated Mission: Relinquished charge, May 11, 1931
  • Frederick W. B. Coleman – Political appointee
    • Appointed: September 23, 1931[19]
    • Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: February 10, 1932
    • Terminated Mission: Appointment terminated, May 1, 1933
  • Ruth Bryan Owen – Political appointee
    • Appointed: April 13, 1933[20]
    • Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: May 29, 1933
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, June 27, 1936
  • Alvin Mansfield Owsley – Political appointee
    • Appointed: May 28, 1937
    • Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: July 16, 1937
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, May 15, 1939
  • Ray Atherton – Career FSO
    • Appointed: August 7, 1939
    • Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: September 8, 1939
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, June 5, 1940[21][22]
  • Monnett B. Davis – Career FSO
    • Appointed: June 8, 1945
    • Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: June 21, 1945[23]
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, January 10, 1946
  • Josiah Marvel, Jr. – Political appointee
    • Appointed: March 13, 1946
    • Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: April 23, 1946
    • Terminated Mission: Promoted to Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary February 27, 1947
  • Josiah Marvel, Jr. – Political appointee
    • Appointed: February 27, 1947
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: March 18, 1947
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, March 4, 1949
  • Eugenie Anderson – Political appointee
    • Appointed: October 20, 1949
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: December 22, 1949
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, January 19, 1953
  • Robert D. Coe – Career FSO
    • Appointed: July 29, 1953
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: September 25, 1953
    • Terminated Mission: Relinquished charge, June 1, 1957
  • Val Peterson – Political appointee
    • Appointed: June 26, 1957
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: August 22, 1957
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, February 21, 1961
  • William McCormick Blair, Jr. – Political appointee
    • Appointed: March 29, 1961
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: May 9, 1961
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, May 17, 1964
  • Katharine Elkus White – Political appointee
    • Appointed: April 8, 1964
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: June 2, 1964
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, September 9, 1968
  • Angier Biddle Duke – Political appointee
    • Appointed: September 26, 1968
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: October 3, 1968
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, May 1, 1969
  • Guilford Dudley, Jr. – Political appointee
    • Appointed: May 13, 1969
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: June 18, 1969
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, November 2, 1971
  • Fred J. Russell – Political appointee
    • Appointed: November 5, 1971
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: December 9, 1971
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, November 4, 1972
  • Philip K. Crowe – Political appointee
    • Appointed: July 16, 1973
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: September 13, 1973
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, September 27, 1975
  • John Gunther Dean – Career FSO
    • Appointed: October 23, 1975
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: November 6, 1975
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, July 18, 1978
  • Warren Demian Manshel – Political appointee
    • Appointed: June 22, 1978
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: July 31, 1978
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, March 6, 1981
  • John Langeloth Loeb, Jr. – Political appointee
    • Appointed: July 30, 1981
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: October 13, 1981
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, September 17, 1983
  • Terence A. Todman – Career FSO
    • Appointed: October 3, 1983
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: November 17, 1983
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, January 8, 1989
  • Keith Lapham Brown – Political appointee
    • Appointed: November 22, 1988[24]
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: January 8, 1989
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, January 16, 1992
  • Richard B. Stone – Political appointee
    • Appointed: November 21, 1991
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: February 10, 1992
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, October 14, 1993
  • Edward Elliott Elson – Political appointee
    • Appointed: November 22, 1993
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: January 18, 1994
    • Terminated Mission: Left post June 25, 1998
  • Richard Swett – Political appointee
    • Appointed: June 29, 1998
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: September 8, 1998
    • Terminated Mission: Left post July 6 2001
  • Stuart A. Bernstein – Political appointee
    • Appointed: August 3, 2001
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: September 3, 2001
    • Terminated Mission: Left post, January. 16, 2005
  • James Cain – Political appointee
    • Appointed: August 2, 2005
    • Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
    • Presented Credentials: September 9, 2005
    • Terminated Mission: —

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ Jackson was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on June 29, 1841.
  2. ^ Forward was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on February 19, 1850.
  3. ^ No record has been found of presentation of letter of recall or departure from post.
  4. ^ Ogle did not proceed to his post. (Presumably due to illness. He died later in the year.)
  5. ^ Bedinger was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on February 8, 1854.
  6. ^ Bedinger was nominated on February 25, 1856, to be Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary but the nomination withdrawn before the Senate acted upon it.
  7. ^ Kirkwood declined the appointment.
  8. ^ Yeaman was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on January 22, 1866.
  9. ^ Andrews took the oath of office, but did not proceed to his post.
  10. ^ Camer was commissioned during a recess of the Senateand recommissioned after confirmation on February 4, 1871.
  11. ^ Badeau’s nomination was withdrawn before the Senate acted upon it.
  12. ^ Payson was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after Senate confirmation on October 29, 1881.
  13. ^ Wickersham
  14. ^ Enander took the oath of office but did not proceed to his post.
  15. ^ Carr was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on January 9, 1890.
  16. ^ Swenson was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation by the Senate on December 18, 1897.
  17. ^ Egan was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on December 12, 1907.
  18. ^ Hapgood was commissioned during a recess of the Senate.
  19. ^ Coleman was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on December 17, 1931.
  20. ^ A commission of the same date as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Denmark and Iceland was canceled.
  21. ^ German forces occupied Copenhagen, April 9, 1940
  22. ^ Atherton was still holding office as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Denmark when he was recommissioned as such on July 8, 1943, in connection with additional appointments as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Canada and Luxembourg, resident at Ottawa. R. Borden Reams was serving as Chargé d’Affaires ad interim when the legation in Copenhagen was closed, December 20, 1941.
  23. ^ The mission at Copenhagen was reopened as a legation June 16, 1945, with Minister Davis in charge pending presentation of his letter of credence.
  24. ^ Brown was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on August 3, 1989.
Rydhave, the residence of the U.S. ambassador in Copenhagen
Rydhave, the residence of the U.S. ambassador in Copenhagen

[edit] See also

[edit] Sources

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