Union Bay (Seattle)

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Union Bay from Union Bay Natural Area with Laurelhurst, the Evergreen Point Floating Bridge and Madison Park (left to right) beyond
Union Bay from Union Bay Natural Area with Laurelhurst, the Evergreen Point Floating Bridge and Madison Park (left to right) beyond
Winter view across Union Bay, looking from the Museum of History and Industry toward Laurelhurst.
Winter view across Union Bay, looking from the Museum of History and Industry toward Laurelhurst.

Union Bay is that part of Lake Washington in Seattle that is west of a line drawn between Webster Point in the Laurelhurst neighborhood to the north (its southernmost point) and Foster Point in the Madison Park neighborhood to the south (its northeasternmost point). It ends at the eastern opening of the Montlake Cut of the Lake Washington Ship Canal.

When the level of Lake Washington was dropped nearly nine feet in 1916 as a result of the opening of the Ship Canal,[1] a good portion of Union Bay and Union Bay Marsh and wetland became dry land, furthered by landfill and, belatedly, sanitary landfill. The marsh and much of the bay was filled from 1911 to 1967. The Montlake Landfill (in use from 1926 to 1967) was the fictional home of television clown J. P. Patches, resident 1958 through 1981.[2] The University Village shopping center (1956) and most of the east main campus of the University of Washington (UW) but for Husky Stadium sit on this land today. What remains of Union Bay Marsh is the restored remnant within the Union Bay Natural Area of the UW.[3]

As well as providing the outlet for Lake Washington, Union Bay receives the water of Arboretum Creek, and Ravenna Creek via pipeline from Ravenna Park through south Ravenna, daylighted past the restored Union Bay Natural Area.

The shores of what is now Union Bay have been inhabited since the end of the last glacial period, about 10,000 years ago. Ancestors of the Native American Duwamish tribe today, until the 1850s the Dkhw’Duw’Absh, "the People of the Inside", of the (Skagit-Nisqually) Lushootseed Coast Salish nations had villages around Union Bay.

The village of hehs-KWEE-kweel ("skate") was of the hloo-weelh-AHBSH (from s'hloo-WEELH, "a tiny hole drilled to measure the thickness of a canoe"), for the narrow passage through then-large and resource-rich Union Bay marsh. Traces of the marsh survive as the Union Bay Natural Area and the Foster Island area of north Washington Park Arboretum. The trees and the island of Stitici (Stee-tee-tchee) were their ceremonial burial ground. Stitici, Little Island, is now called Foster Island.[4] The village was at the northeast tip of what is now Madison Park. One of the longhouses (forerunners of cohousing for tens of people) may have been used as a potlatch house. The Duwamish Tribe is today leveraging the sacred site in the path of substantial enlargement of State Route 520 through south Union Bay between Redmond and Interstate 5, in their quest for recognition.[5]

The prominent village of SWAH-tsoo-gweel ("portage") was on an abundant and much larger Union Bay, and what is now Ravenna was their backyard before the arrival of European settlers,[6] Laurelhurst in summer.[7] The Seattle, Lake Shore and Eastern Railway was built around 1886 along what is now the Burke-Gilman Trail, following what was the shoreline past where the UW power plant and University Village are today.[8] A longhouse was near the present UW power plant (across Montlake Boulevard from the IMA building), others were around the north shores which were about mile farther north than today, and shores east of what is now the Union Bay Natural Area, with a longhouse or two between what is now the Center for Urban Horticulture and Children's Hospital. Villages were diffuse.[6]

Cheshiahud or Lake John and his family were among the memorable residents around Union Bay in the early decades of Seattle.

[edit] See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Neighborhoods of Ravenna Creek

[edit] References

  1. ^ Phelps, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers project 1913-1916, pp. 67–69
  2. ^ (1) Fill sites 1911, 1920, 1926; last acreage, in the University District, closed 1966 or 1967).
    (1.1) Phelps, pp. 208, 210; "HISTORY @UBNA", below.
    (2) Stein
  3. ^ (1) "HISTORY @ UBNA". Center for Urban Horticulture. Departments, University of Washington (n.d., 1999 per "Montlake Landfill Information Summary, January 1999" on page)). Retrieved on 2006-04-21.
    (2) "Ravenna". Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas. Office of the Seattle City Clerk (n.d., map .jpg c. 17 June 2002). Retrieved on 2006-04-21.
    (3) "University District", map. Office of the Seattle City Clerk (n.d., map .Jpg [sic] dated 13 June 2002). Retrieved on 2006-04-21.
  4. ^ Thomas Speer quoted in Switzer
  5. ^ Switzer
  6. ^ a b Dailey, 26 and 27, ref. 2, 8)
  7. ^ Rochester
  8. ^ Phelps, p. 25

[edit] Bibliography

  • Dailey, Tom (n.d.). "Duwamish-Seattle". "Coast Salish Villages of Puget Sound". Retrieved on 2006-04-21.
    Page links to Village Descriptions Duwamish-Seattle section.
    Dailey referenced "Puget Sound Geography" by T. T. Waterman. Washington DC: National Anthropological Archives, mss. [n.d.] [ref. 2];
    Duwamish et al vs. United States of America, F-275. Washington DC: US Court of Claims, 1927. [ref. 5];
    "Indian Lake Washington" by David Buerge in the Seattle Weekly, 1-7 August 1984 [ref. 8];
    "Seattle Before Seattle" by David Buerge in the Seattle Weekly, 17-23 December 1980. [ref. 9];
    The Puyallup-Nisqually by Marian W. Smith. New York: Columbia University Press, 1940. [ref. 10].
    Recommended start is "Coast Salish Villages of Puget Sound"
  • "HISTORY @ UBNA". Center for Urban Horticulture, Departments, University of Washington (n.d., 1999 per "Montlake Landfill Information Summary, January 1999" on page), retrieved 21 April 2006.
  • Phelps, Myra L., Public works in Seattle. Seattle: Seattle Engineering Department, 1978. ISBN 0-9601928-1-6.
  • "Ravenna". Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas (n.d., map .jpg c. 17 June 2002), retrieved 21 April 2006. Note caveat in footer.
    Maps "NN-1030S", "NN-1040S".jpg dated 17 June 2002.
  • Rochester, Junius (2001-06-09, revised 2002-11-20). "Seattle Neighborhoods: Laurelhurst -- Thumbnail History". HistoryLink.org Essay 3345. Retrieved on 2006-04-21.
    Rochester referenced Christine Barrett, A History of Laurelhurst (Seattle, WA: Laurelhurst Community Club, 1981, revised 1989);
    Paul Dorpat, Seattle: Now & Then, Vols. II and III (Seattle, WA: Tartu Publications, 1984 and 1989);
    Lucile McDonald, The Lake Washington Story, (Seattle, WA: Superior Publishing Co., 1979);
    Brandt Morgan, Enjoying Seattle's Parks (Seattle, WA: Greenwood Publications, 1979);
    Harry W. Higman and Earl J. Larrison, Union Bay: The Life of a City Marsh, (Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press, 1951);
    J. Willis Sayre, This City of Ours (Seattle, WA: Seattle School District No. 1, 1936);
    Sophie Frye Bass, Pig-Tail Days in Old Seattle (Portland, OR: Binfords & Mort, 1937);
    Roger Sale, Seattle: Past to Present (Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press, 1976).
  • Stein, Alan J. "Patches, Julius Pierpont", HistoryLink. 02 March 2003, retrieved 21 April 2006. Stein referenced Jack Broom, "The J.P. Generation," Pacific Magazine, The Seattle Times, 4 April 1993, pp. 6-11,14-17;
    Bill Cartmel, "Hi Ya, Patches Pals," Seattle Post-Intelligencer, 11April 1971, pp. 6-7;
    Erik Lacitis, "Patches Understands – and Survivies," The Seattle Times, 23 February 1978, p. A15;
    [no title], The East Side Journal, 31 May 1962, p. 3; Ibid. 14 May 1969, p. 19.
  • Switzer, Jeff. "Duwamish Tribe seeks protection for Foster Island", King County Journal, 2005-02-20. Retrieved on 2006-07-21.
  • "University District". Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas (n.d., map .jpg 13 June), retrieved 21 April 2006. Note caveat in footer.
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