Triple modular redundancy

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In computing, triple modular redundancy (TMR) is a fault tolerant form of N-modular redundancy, in which three systems perform a process and that result is processed by a voting system to produce a single output. This means, if one of the three systems fails the other two systems can correct and mask the fault. If the voter fails then the complete system will fail, however in a good TMR system the voter is much more reliable than the other TMR components.

The TMR concept can be applied to many forms of redundancy, such as software redundancy in the form of N-version programming.

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